环境保护图书网络管理系统的开发及应用

在多年环保图书管理工作的基础上，自主研发了一套图书网络管理系统，该系统基于ASP VBScript语言开发，采用B／S结构设计模型，适合于中小型企事业单位局域网的图书自动化管理。     

基于贝叶斯网络拓扑结构的水环境风险溯源——以饮马河流域为例

为了解决流域水环境风险诊断过程中污染来源不清、污染贡献难以量化等问题,提出了一种基于贝叶斯网络拓扑结构的污染源追责量化方法.该方法首先通过互信息的计算实现流域水环境典型污染物的准确识别,在此基础上通过贝叶斯网络拓扑结构分析与启发式搜索算法快速辨析流域内典型污染来源及其污染贡献.本次选取吉林省饮马河流域2017~2020年水质监测数据进行分析.结果表明,氨氮为流域内的典型污染物;靠山南楼、靠山大桥、刘珍屯3个站点的污染来源分别为:杨家崴子、新立城大坝、砖瓦窑桥.其中靠山南楼有63%的污染来源于杨家崴子,靠山大桥有30%的污染来源于新立城大坝,刘珍屯有75%的污染来源于砖瓦窑桥.本次评估方法的构建可为流域水环境风险溯源及污染责任认定提供技术支撑.     

密闭受限空间搜救训练废墟功能设计

地针对建筑物在地震中的倒塌后形成的小空间和黑暗环境,借鉴国际先进地震搜索救援经验、理念,以国家陆地搜寻与救护(兰州)基地为例,进行了在黑暗狭小空间的废墟中搜索、救援的训练功能设计以及模拟体验黑暗狭小空间中逃生、互救自救、特定环境避险及黑暗环境下心里训练的功能设计。     

基于自由搜索的投影寻踪水质综合评价方法

为解决水质评价指标的不相容性以及现有评价方法对等级的分辨率较粗略等问题,提出了水质状况评价的投影寻踪方法(Projection Pursuit,PP).根据地表水环境等级划分标准,构建了能够反映水质状况变异信息的投影指标函数;引入自由搜索(Free Search,FS)算法,优化投影指标函数寻求最佳投影方向;利用最佳投影方向信息研究了各种水质指标对水质状况评价的影响程度.以山西省汾河流域为例,进行水质评价分析,并与基于加速遗传算法优化投影寻踪模型(RAGAPP)和利用粒子群优化投影寻踪模型(PSOPP)得到的投影值结果进行对比.实例应用表明,该模型评估结果误差精度优于RAGAPP和PSOPP,评价结果符合当地水质状况实际情况,且对水质等级划分清晰.     

区域性应急物资储备级库间的协同选址模型研究

鉴于我国应急物资的多部门分散管理与分散储备的特点,研究了区域性应急物资储备体系构建中的应急物资储备级库协同选址问题。为了实现应急物资在不同级库间的协同储备管理与分散优化调拨,建立了应急物资储备级库选址的协同优化模型。用启发式算法通过MATLAB编程来实现,并用算例进行了验证。     

Control or rescue at sea? Aims and limits of border surveillance technologies in the Mediterranean Sea

The matter of boat migrants crossing the Mediterranean Sea, seeking to reach Europe, is interchangeably defined as a ‘security issue', requiring stricter border controls, and as a humanitarian issue with corresponding rescue and protection requirements. This paper seeks to understand what role various surveillance technologies, such as radar, satellites, and unmanned aerial vehicles, can play in this respect (legally and technically), in comparison to the role that they are assigned (that is, political expectations). To unravel what surveillance technologies can and cannot do vis‐à‐vis the aims of control and rescue, there is a need to comprehend what information can be collected and what information is needed to fulfil these objectives. The paper contends that there is a mismatch between the information sought to ‘control’ borders, but which cannot be gathered effectively by or processed using surveillance technologies, and the valuable information needed to perform rescue operations, which these surveillance technologies can supply.     

地震灾害搜救技术现状与发展趋势

综合介绍了地震灾害现场常用搜救技术及设备,并深入剖析了它们各自的利弊,以求根据不同现场的具体要求使用最优搜救技术和设备,达到最好搜救效果。此外,对低频电磁探生技术、超声波探测技术、超宽带电磁探测技术、基于气体测量的搜索定位技术等先进技术在地震灾害搜救中的应用做了较广泛的探讨,进一步明确了该研究领域的发展方向。     

位移反分析的PSA-ANFIS方法研究

地下工程中,通常采用位移反分析方法来确定围岩的力学参数,而现有的位移反分析方法均存在诸多不足之处,为此,采用模式搜索算法、自适应神经模糊推理系统以及正交试验设计方法,建立了位移反分析的PSA-ANFIS方法;同时还对一标准弹塑性问题进行了解析计算,得到了相应的训练数据对、检测数据对和预测数据对;最后采用此方法对该弹塑性问题的力学参数进行了反演。反演结果表明,所建立的位移反分析的PSA-ANFIS方法除了能够充分发挥ANFIS的各种优点外,还能有效地减少模型建立和参数调节过程中的人为干预,因此是一种优异的位移反分析方法。     

OPTIMUM DESIGN OF BORDER IRRIGATION SYSTEM1

ABSTRACT: Border irrigation systems like most of the other surface irrigation systems, do not need too much energy and special equipment. Thus, many farmers have used this system for a long time. On the other hand, design of surface irrigation systems including border irrigation requires many input parameters, and need intensive engineering calculations. The burden of these requirements probably led the users to experimental design of the systems with low efficiencies. However, accurate design and high quality optimization of the border irrigation system that can result in a highly efficient system is possible. In this study, an optimization model for border irrigation system is presented. The Hook Jeev's pattern search optimization method in conjunction with a general mathematical model of border irrigation is used to maximize the irrigation application efficiency. The border irrigation storage and distribution efficiencies, border slope and length, inflow rate, cutoff time, and the Manning's roughness coefficient are selected as constraints. The model is applied to field-measured data. The results show that it is possible to select a suitable combination of the border system's parameters (border's length, inflow rate, and cutoff time) to obtain a maximum application efficiency.