Select indicators and prioritize solutions for desertification and drought in Binh Thuan,Vietnam

The link between climate change and desertification is an important global problem for the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD). The coastal provinces in Southern Centre Vietnam are strongly influenced by desertification, which is further exacerbated by climate change. The Delphi method was used to select sustainability indicators and then a method of an analytical hierarchy process was applied to prioritize sustainable solutions in Binh Thuan experts to elicit the causes and effects of desertification. According to the panel of 23 experts, 27 cause (e.g. rainfall and sunshine duration) and 22 effect (e.g. rice and agriculture) indicators were of particular importance to desertification and drought in the province. The highest priorities for cause are given to emigration, followed by income from industry and water supply for household use. The highest priorities for effect in the area are given to socioeconomic criteria, and in particular to the sub-criteria resettlement due to development projects, building hydropower reservoirs, and implementing irrigation schemes. The system of indicators provides useful information for the future studies. This study provides a means to uncover the most important criteria perceived as major contributors to desertification and as such enables policy-makers to prioritize solutions for Binh Thuan (Vietnam) by 2015 and a vision in 2020.     

多级指标下的战场电磁环境复杂度评价研究

目的 为有效解决战场电磁环境复杂度定量评估问题,针对战场电磁环境复杂度评估特性提出一种多级指标综合评价方法 .方法 该方法 以层次分析法和灰色综合评价作为理论基础,对战场电磁环境的电磁辐射、电磁适应能力和电磁干扰要素进行考察,建立目标层、指标层、准则层五级评价指标体系.结果 选取11种评价指标,采用和法原理和熵权法计算...     

典型石化废水达标排放处理技术综合评估

构建了基于层次分析法（AHP）和标杆法（BM）的水污染控制技术混合评估模型,并以石化废水达标排放处理技术为例,确定了包含3项一级指标、8项二级指标和14项三级指标的评估指标体系和指标权重。以5种典型石化废水达标排放处理技术工艺为评估对象,获得技术、经济、环境单项评估指数和综合评估指数。评估结果表明,“隔油+气浮+A/O-PACT”和“隔油+气浮+MBBR+催化臭氧氧化+BAF”两种技术工艺综合指数较高。实际应用时,还应根据工程实际情况对指标权重进行调整,因地制宜地选择合适的废水达标排放处理技术工艺。     

基于组合赋权法的空管监视信息质量评估

为准确评估监视信息质量,给空中交通管制(ATC)提供决策依据,预防事故的发生,从目标航迹完整性、精确性、正确性等3个方面出发,构建由跟踪完整性、参数完整性、位置精度、速度精度、航向精度、参数正确性和目标真伪值等7个指标构成的监视信息质量评估体系;以总偏差最小为目的将可拓层次分析法(EAHP)和熵权法有效结合确定指标权重,经加权求和得到监视信息质量评估值,通过对比专家划分的标准,判断各目标质量评估值对应的等级;以华北地区某扇区某时间段的9个目标为例进行试验仿真。结果表明:9个目标评估结果与专家分析相符,该评估指标体系可以实时评估监视信息质量,有利于提高空管监视系统安全水平。     

基于改进云模型-IAHP的涉爆粉尘企业安全风险评估

为了评估涉爆粉尘企业安全风险,克服传统评估过程中数据随机性和模糊性的缺陷,建立了基于云理论和区间层次分析法(IAHP)的涉爆粉尘企业安全风险评估模型。针对粉尘爆炸事故的特点构建涉爆粉尘企业安全风险指标体系,使用云理论为主客观指标赋值,采用IAHP确定各指标权重并引入可能度修正权重结果,基于改进的云合并算法整合计算结果,以综合评估企业粉尘爆炸风险,并将该模型应用于某金属加工企业。研究结果表明:该企业的粉尘爆炸风险处于一般水平,其工人安全意识薄弱、防尘及防爆措施不完善、生产布局和管理不规范等原因导致了该企业的风险,该模型评估结果与实际情况相符,为提高企业安全管理水平提供依据。     

基于层次分析法地铁运营系统安全评价技术的研究

从系统工程的角度,应用层次分析法的基本原理,构建地铁运营系统AHP(层次分析法)模型,确定地铁运营系统指标体系,将成对比较矩阵的特征向量作为地铁运营系统安全评价因子的权重,确定了相关因子的影响力排序;同时,对层次分析法(AHP)的优缺点进行分析。其结果显示:人的因素和管理的因素是影响地铁安全运营的首要因素;其次为环境的因素;而物的因素排序为最后。该排序基本反映了当前地铁运营系统安全能力的实际状况,为控制和减少事故制定有效对策,提供了依据。     

A holistic framework for design of cost-effective minimum water utilization network

Water pinch analysis (WPA) is a well-established tool for the design of a maximum water recovery (MWR) network. MWR, which is primarily concerned with water recovery and regeneration, only partly addresses water minimization problem. Strictly speaking, WPA can only lead to maximum water recovery targets as opposed to the minimum water targets as widely claimed by researchers over the years. The minimum water targets can be achieved when all water minimization options including elimination, reduction, reuse/recycling, outsourcing and regeneration have been holistically applied. Even though WPA has been well established for synthesis of MWR network, research towards holistic water minimization has lagged behind. This paper describes a new holistic framework for designing a cost-effective minimum water network (CEMWN) for industry and urban systems. The framework consists of five key steps, i.e. (1) Specify the limiting water data, (2) Determine MWR targets, (3) Screen process changes using water management hierarchy (WMH), (4) Apply Systematic Hierarchical Approach for Resilient Process Screening (SHARPS) strategy, and (5) Design water network. Three key contributions have emerged from this work. First is a hierarchical approach for systematic screening of process changes guided by the WMH. Second is a set of four new heuristics for implementing process changes that considers the interactions among process changes options as well as among equipment and the implications of applying each process change on utility targets. Third is the SHARPS cost-screening technique to customize process changes and ultimately generate a minimum water utilization network that is cost-effective and affordable. The CEMWN holistic framework has been successfully implemented on semiconductor and mosque case studies and yielded results within the designer payback period criterion.     

改进层次分析法评价区域工业污染源

为了保证区域环境与社会经济的可持续发展,从环境、经济和社会的整体效益出发,对区域工业污染源进行系统分析、评价,并进行宏观控制本文基于环境、经济和社会三效益指标的系统要素影响,设计一种定性与定量相结合描述判断矩阵的多指标决策的层次分析法来IF价了业污染源,克服了等标污染负荷法只考虑主控污染因子排放总量的单一性以及层次分析法量化标度时产生的主观性影响,评价结果较为合理     

跨江大桥建设安全管理系统综合评价

针对目前我国重大工程建设的安全管理现状,以系统管理的思路借鉴国内外重大工程建设安全管理模式的先进之处,综合考虑影响重大工程建设过程中安全管理的各因素,建立6个一级指标,27个二级指标的评价体系。运用层次分析法(AHP)对其中指标进行权重计算,结果显示危险源辨识、危险源控制与管理是影响安全管理状况的主要因素;结合模糊综合评价法对泰州长江公路大桥的安全管理现状进行综合评价,结果显示为良好,与实际情况相符合,证明其可行性。该安全管理系统评价指标体系的建立与评价方法的运用,对重大工程建设的安全管理现状评价有借鉴意义,以期提高我国重大工程建设现场的安全管理水平。     

城中村改造中的村自主项目风险管理研究

以东五里村为例,对城中村改造中村自主项目风险管理进行研究,在项目风险识别的基础上,运用层次分析法对项目中可能出现的风险因素进行量化分析。研究表明:政策风险、融资风险、文化风险和拆迁风险是影响城中村改造中村自主项目的主要因素,其中拆迁风险和融资风险在四者中所占的比重较大,在制定风险管理政策时要给予重点关注。