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141.
A. Bleed H. P. Nachtnebel I. Bogardi R. J. Supalla 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1990,26(3):479-487
ABSTRACT: Two case studies highlighting the institutional arrangements and decision-making processes used to attempt to allocate water on large scale river systems in two countries are presented. In both cases the implementation of river plans has been blocked by conflicts between those who wish to use water for irrigation, hydropower, or municipal purposes and those who wish to maintain instream flows for fish and wildlife. To date conflict has blocked the implementation of a large hydropower scheme on the Danube River, downstream from Vienna, Austria, and the construction of municipal and agricultural projects, as well as the relicensing of an existing hydropower facility on the Platte River in Nebraska. Analysis of the decision-making processes and institutional settings of both cases led to the identification of problem areas and development of recommendations that would support the achievement of compromise solutions for management. 相似文献
142.
本文以提高光热资源利用率、人工改变秧田微气候条件,提早中稻播期为突破口,辅之以提早移栽期和间种优质懦稻等系列配套技术措施,促成了前季中稻的早熟、高产、早收,同时又为后季再生稻创造了必要的时间和温光条件,从而使水稻单产提高20%以上。 相似文献
143.
During the period of 1972 through 1993, Environmental Concern Inc. (EC) and its recent (1989) affiliate Environmental Construction
Company (ECC) have completed 216 marsh construction projects to control upland bank erosion in tributaries of the Maryland
portion of Chesapeake Bay. Of these projects, 26 have involved marsh construction on unaltered existing shores and 190 have
utilized marsh construction on shores that have been restored to former increased elevations through shoreline filling and
grading. This paper describes the latter restoration technique. Throughout the 21-year period of applying the technique for
long-term upland bank erosion control, refinements to the design standards and criteria for site suitability have been made
so as to optimize its successful application. As a result of this experience, a reliable bioengineering restoration technique
has evolved to control upland bank erosion. This paper describes the details of this successful technique through a review
of: (1) its objectives and benefits, (2) suitability of sites for its application, (3) the design of its shore restoration,
(4) its construction, (5) its maintenance, and (6) comparison of its cost with those of structural techniques for bank erosion
control. Although the technique has only been applied in the Maryland portions of Chesapeake Bay, its applicability should,
with modifications, be broadly applicable to all water bodies. 相似文献
144.
Thomas J. Gallagher 《Environmental management》1987,11(2):193-201
Colorado, USA, developed the Joint Review Process (CJRP) in 1978 to coordinate the application and review of permits required for major development projects. Since then, the state has used the process on over 20 projects. This study examined whether the CJRP has achieved its primary goals—enhanced coordination of agencies, enhanced public participation, and strengthened communication between agencies and project sponsors— and several related secondary goals. The success of the process was measured through a survey of 54 key people who had been directly involved with the process. Those surveyed included federal and state agency staff, local agency managers, corporate officers, private consultants, and environmental leaders. All groups, with one exception, agreed that the process achieved its primary goals and that it should be retained. Environmental leaders were neutral about whether the process enhanced public participation and about retaining the process. The report concludes with a review of recommended improvements to and applications of the CJRP. 相似文献
145.
广深准高速铁路安全管理模式探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
葛闻安 《中国安全科学学报》1995,5(4):7-9
广深准高速铁路的开通运营,以及广深铁路公司股份制改造,从客观上要求改革与优化铁路安全管理体制,建工新的铁路安全管理模式。本文构造了广深铁路安全管理模式,满足国家确定的“企业负责,行业管理,国家监察,群众监督”的安全工作体制要求,引入风险管理,实行事故保险,提出应该以安全文化作为新模式的软件,优化新的安全管理体制。 相似文献
146.
地面水中叶枯灵的高效液相色谱测定 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文采用反相高效液相色谱法,在质控条件下,对河水,塘水两种地面水中叶枯灵的检验方法进行了测试,用Shimapck ODS柱为分析柱,以甲醇:水=50:50为流动相,并用冰醋酸调PH至4-5,紫外检测波长281nm,两种水样的平均回收率分别为91.7-96.3%,90-95.8%,相对标准偏差为4.3%,最低检出限为0.0261mg/l,为地面水中叶枯灵卫生标准的实施提供了简便,灵敏,正确的配套测试手段。 相似文献
147.
Xixi Wang Assefa M. Melesse 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2006,42(5):1217-1236
ABSTRACT: Soil data comprise a basic input of SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) for a watershed application. For watersheds where site specific soil data are unavailable, the two U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) soil databases, the State Soil Geographic (STATSGO) and Soil Survey Geographic (SSURGO) databases, may be the best alternatives. Although it has been noted that SWAT models using the STATSGO and SSURGO data may give different simulation results for water, sediment, and agricultural chemical yields, information is scarce on the effects of using these two databases in predicting streamflows that are predominantly generated from melting snow in spring. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of using STATSGO versus SSURGO as an input for the SWAT model's simulation of the streamflows in the upper 45 percent of the Elm River watershed in eastern North Dakota. Designating the model as SWAT‐STATSGO when the STATSGO data were used and SWAT‐SSURGO when the SSURGO data were used, SWAT‐STATSGO and SWAT‐SSURGO were separately calibrated and validated using the observed daily streamflows. The results indicated that SWAT‐SSURGO provided an overall better prediction of the discharges than SWAT‐STATSGO, although both did a good and comparable job of predicting the high streamflows. However, SWAT‐STATSGO predicted the low streamflows more accurately and had a slightly better performance during the validation period. In addition, the discrepancies between the discharges predicted by these two SWAT models tended to be larger at upstream locations than at those farther downstream within the study area. 相似文献
148.
149.
高温堆肥法处理污泥的探讨 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对于污水处理后所产生的污泥,较好的方法是采用无害化、资源化农用技术,利用污泥为原料,制成有机复合肥,不仅解决了污水污泥的处理问题,还可推动环保产业的发展,促进农业生产,具有明显的经济、社会和环境效益。 相似文献
150.