离子色谱新进展

本文介绍了离子色谱近年来的最新进展,包括新型分离柱、无机阴、阳离子、有机酸、碳水化合物等的分析方法。以及目前国际上离子色谱技术的发展趋势。     

多维气相色谱分离TCDDs和PCBs

本文描述用多维气相色谱(SE-54柱/FFAP柱)和FID/ECD并行检测系统分析TCDDs和PCBs的方法。经SE-54柱切割的目的部分立即进入FFAP柱分离,中间不需用冷捕集技术。结果表明,该方法是选择检测复杂环境样品中痕量毒物的有效方法。     

高效液相色谱法分析水中痕量多环芳烃

本文利用高效液相色谱法测定水中痕量多环芳烃（ＰＡＨｓ）。以二氯甲烷作溶剂,超声提取水中痕量ＰＡＨｓ;甲醇、水作流动相,梯度淋洗,用程序可变波长荧光检测器测定。ＰＨＡｓ浓度为０．００７＝０．６μｇ·ｍｌ＾－１范围时,线性相关系数均在０．９９９９以上;峰高、峰面积的相对标准偏差（ｎ＝１０）分别为１．０１－１．８５％,２．００－３．９４％;检测限（Ｓ／Ｎ＝２）为３．１－２３．０ｐｇ;实际水样的加标回收率     

气相色谱法估算多环芳烃半数致死浓度

 用气相色谱相对比保留体积Vg（r）估算多环芳烃PAHs在鱼体内96h的半数致死浓度（LC₅₀）.测定了麦穗鱼对萘、联苯、β－甲基萘、2，3一二甲基萘、2，7一二甲基萘、苊、菲7种PAHs的LC₅₀，建立了6种不同极性色谱固定相上的LC₅₀与Vg（r）的一元回归方程和LC₅₀、Vg（r）、一阶分子连接性指数'Ｘ的二元回归方程，统计检验表明，两类回归方程总体显著相关，巨相关性不受固定相极性的影响用Vg（r）估算PAHs对水生生物LC₅₀是一种估算精度高，可操作性强的好方法．     

湿法烟气脱硫法鼓泡反应器的气液传质建模

利用双膜理论对湿法烟气脱硫法鼓泡反应器气液传质建立数学模型。通过鼓泡反应的钠碱脱硫实验来验证模型，得到的模型计算结果和实验相吻合。利用模型，通过改变的初始参数来研究对传质的影响。结果表明，提高气流速度、进气浓度、吸收液柱高度和吸收液浓度，有利于传质吸收，提高鼓泡反应器的传质系数和脱硫效率。     

Desulfurizing absorbent for flue gas and its absorption mechanism

A new desulfurizing absorbent for flue gas,i.e.,an organic physical solvent of DMSO(dimethyl sulfoxide) mixed with a relatively small amount of chemical solvent(Mn^2 ) was studied.Compared with pure physical solvent of DMSO,the purification efficiency of the new absorbent was improved .And its absorption and reaction mechanism are discussed.     

改进铁氧体法去除污泥处理液中重金属的实验研究

利用改进铁氧体法，石灰乳做中和剂，实验研究了不同FeCl3/FeSO4初始浓度、pH值、FeCl，及FeSO4加入量（Fe^3＋／Mn^＋比值）、温度、反应时间等条件下，城市污泥用乙酸-双氧水淋溶处理液中铜、锌、铬、镍、镉、铅去除率。结果表明：在pH为9、反应温度为室温、反应时间为1h、FeCl，和FeSO4初始浓度分别为0．1mol／L和0．05mol／L；Fe^3＋／Mn^＋（Cu，Zn，Ni，Cr，Cd，Pd离子总和）=10的最佳工艺条件下，铜、锌、铬、镍、镉、铅去除率为94％，98％，86％，92％，89％，99％；处理后的液体中铜、锌、铬、镍、镉、铅含量达到安全排放标准。     

分析饮用水中五种卤代烃的顶空／气相色谱法验证

本文采用顶空／程序升温气相谱法快速分析饮用水中１．１－二氯乙烯，１．１．１．－三氯乙烷，１．１．２．－三氯乙烷，三溴甲烷１．１．２．２－四氯乙烷五种挥发性卤代烃，分离效果好，其相关系数均在０．９９以上，检出限分别为０．５０μｇ／ｌ．０．１０μｇ／ｌ。０．９８μｇ／ｌ，０．５６μｇ／ｌ，１．２０μｇ／ｌ，其回收率在８１．８％－１０２．７％之间，精密度在０．６２％－１２．１％之间。     

气相色谱法测定工业废水中4—硝基—2,6—二氯苯胺

采用气相色谱法测定工业废水中的4-硝基-2,6-二氯苯胺。研究了样品的提取、色谱分析条件及定量方法。测定了方法的精密度和准确度。以3倍的仪器噪声计算其检出限为4.8×10~(-11)g,进样量为2μL时,最低检出浓度为0.024mg/L,线性范围为0.04～2.0mg/L;精密度实验的变异系数为0.4％～1.7％;加标回收率为97.5％～99.0％。苯胺,对硝基苯胺,邻硝基苯胺,邻氯对硝基苯胺均不干扰测定。     

Determination of haloacetic acids in hospital effuent after chlorination by ion chromatography

The ion chromatography combined solid phase extraction (SPE) method was developed for the analysis of low concentration haloacetic acids (HAAs), a class of disinfection by-products formed from chlorination of hospital wastewater. The monitored HAAs included monochloroacetic acid, monobromoacetic acid, dichloroacetic acid, dibromoacetic acid and trichloroacetic acid. The method employed a sodium hydroxide eluent at a flow rate of 0.8 mlmin, electrolytically generated gradients, and suppressed conductivity detection. To analyze the HAAs in real hospital wastewater samples, C18 pretreatment cartridge was utilized to reduce samples' turbidity. Preconcentration with SPE and matrix elimination with treatment cartridges were investigated and found to be able to obtain acceptable detection limits. Linearity, repeatability and detection limits of the above method were evaluated. The detection limits of monobromoacetic acid and dibromoacetic acid were 2.61 μgL and 1.30 μgL, respectively, and the other three acids are ranging from 0.48 to 0.82 μgL under 25-fold preconcentration. When the above optimization procedure was applied to three hospital wastewater samples with different treatment processes in Tianjin, it was found that the dichloroacetic acid was the major compound, and the growth ratios of the HAAs after disinfection by sodium hypochlorite were 91.28%, 63.61% and 79.50%, respectively.