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131.
城市污泥模拟堆肥过程中高温菌群的筛选、鉴定及降解效果 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
在城市污泥模拟堆肥过程的高温期通过平板培养法筛选出一组强化菌群.该组菌群不但可以分解污泥有机质,还可以分解淀粉、蛋白质、油脂、纤维素等大分子有机物.经鉴定,筛选出的菌种分别为地衣芽孢杆菌(B.licheniformis)、短小芽孢杆菌(B.pumilus)、高温放线菌(Thermoactinomyces)、凝结芽孢杆菌(B.coagulans)、枯草芽孢杆菌(B.subtilis);将菌株两两接种到平板,发现各菌株间可以共存.将上述菌种混合后添加到堆肥样品中,其有机质去除率、脱氢酶增加率、比耗氧速率SOUR增加率均高出不加菌样品40%以上,表明该组菌群具有使堆肥腐熟进程加快的应用潜力. 相似文献
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133.
不同共代谢基质下厌氧生物降解间苯二酚的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
分别用蔗糖、葡萄糖、丁酸盐和乙醇作为驯化好的厌氧污泥的共代谢基质,在厌氧序批式反应器(ASBR)中对间苯二酚的降解进行研究。结果表明:共代谢基质SCOD浓度在500~2000mg/L时,间苯二酚的降解速率很高;试验回归结果表明反应均符合一级动力学方程;反应速率常数大小依次为k丁酸盐>k蔗糖>k葡萄糖>k乙醇;当两种共代谢基质按比例1:1(SCOD)混合投加后,反应速率常数大小依次为k葡萄糖+丁酸盐>k乙醇+丁酸盐>k葡萄糖+乙醇,其中葡萄糖和丁酸盐的混合基质降解速率最高。 相似文献
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以厌氧填埋场中垃圾的降解过程为依托点,从渗滤液的水质特征和填埋气的组成两个方面筛选出判断指标,最后建立判断填埋垃圾降解阶段的指标体系.结果表明,ρ(BOD5)/ρ(COD)可以反映出渗滤液的可生化性,从而间接反映出填埋垃圾所处的降解阶段,是判断填埋垃圾降解阶段的重要定量指标. 相似文献
138.
以苯、联苯和萘为模型化合物,研究了厌氧滤池(AF)反应器在反硝化及连续运行条件下对含这几种芳香族化合物模拟废水的处理效果,并以葡萄糖为补充碳源,考察了不同C/N对有机物反硝化降解特性的影响.结果表明,在长期连续流运行及反硝化条件下,AF反应器对废水中几种典型芳香族化合物具有良好地去除效果,当进水COD浓度约为1?000mg/L,苯、联苯和萘总浓度为60mg/L时,出水COD去除率可达到90%,芳香族化合物的去除率可达到84%.苯比萘和联苯更易于反硝化降解.C/N在5~30范围内,苯的降解率均达到90%,C/N对苯的降解没有明显影响;COD、萘和联苯去除率受C/N影响较大,C/N为15时,COD、萘和联苯去除率最大,分别为90%、78%和82%. 相似文献
139.
Aerobic degradation of methyl tert-butyl ether by a Proteobacteria strain in a closed culture system 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
The contamination of methyl ten-butyl ether (MTBE) in underground waters has become a widely concerned problem all over the world. In this study, a novel dosed culture system with oxygen supplied by H2O2 was introduced for MTBE aerobic biodegradation. After 7 d, almost all MTBE was degraded by a pure culture, a member of β-Proteobacteria named as PMI, in a closed system with oxygen supply, while only 40% MTBE was degraded in one without oxygen supply. Dissolved oxygen (DO) levels of the broth in closed systems respectively with and without H2O2 were about 5-6 and 4 mg/L. Higher DO may improve the activity of monooxygemase, which is the key enzyme of metabolic pathway from MTBE to tert-butyl alcohol and finally to CO2, and may result in the increase of the degrading activity of PM1 cell. The purge and trap GC-MS result of the broth in closed systems showed that tea-butyl alcohol, isopronol and acetone were the main intermediate products. 相似文献
140.
The nitrogen (N) distribution and cycling of atmosphere-plant-soil system in the typical meadow Calamagrostis angustifolia wetland (TMCW) and marsh meadow Calamagrostis angustifolia wetland (MMCW) in the Sanjiang plain were studied by a compartment model. The results showed that the N wet deposition amount was 0.757 gN/(m2·a), and total inorganic N (TIN) was the main body (0.640 gN/(m2·a)). The ammonia volatilization amounts of TMCW and MMCW soils in growing season were 0.635 and 0.687 gN/m2, and the denitrification gaseous lost amounts were 0.617 and 0.405 gN/m2, respectively. In plant subsystem, the N was mainly stored in root and litter. Soil organic N was the main N storage of the two plant-soil systems and the proportions of it were 93.98% and 92.16%, respectively. The calculation results of N turnovers among compartments of TMCW and MMCW showed that the uptake amounts of root were 23.02 and 28.18 gN/(m2·a) and the values of aboveground were 11.31 and 6.08 gN/(m2·a), the re-translocation amounts from aboveground to root were 5.96 and 2.70 gN/(m2·a), the translocation amounts from aboveground living body to litter were 5.35 and 3.38 gN/(m2·a), the translocation amounts from litter to soil were larger than 1.55 and 3.01 gN/(m2·a), the translocation amounts from root to soil were 14.90 and 13.17 gN/(m2·a), and the soil (0-15cm) N net mineralization amounts were 1.94 and 0.55 gN/(m2·a), respectively. The study of N balance indicated that the two plant-soil systems might be situated in the status of lacking N, and the status might induce the degradation of C. angustifolia wetland. 相似文献