炼铁厂2#电除尘的设计与应用

新疆八一钢铁有限责任公司炼铁厂上料系统1^#转运站，1^#a转运站，2^#转运站及1^#、2^#高炉高道料仓在上料时，粉尘污染较为严重，为解决粉尘污染问题，1999年炼铁厂组织设计与施工了40m^2单室卧式3电场除尘器，工程投运后，收尘效果良好，岗位粉尘浓度与外排浓度均低于国家标准。     

烟气测试中流速计算误差分析

本文通过对烟气测试中流速计算公式的比较分析，结合实际监测数据处理，认为烟气流速计算中，使用通用公式与简化公式的误差，虽然与Ｒｓ和Ｂｓ有关，但主要误差来源于Ｂｓ。而Ｒｓ不必用精密仪器测出烟气中各组份后求算。只要用简易仪器测得烟气中的Ｘｏ２和Ｘｓｗ的百分含量，即可求出Ｒｓ近似值，用于烟气流速计算。     

考虑纵横弯曲的空间杆系有限元计算

在普通刚架有限元计算模型的基础上 ,推导出了考虑空间纵横弯曲有限元的单元刚度矩阵和形函数 ,单元刚度矩阵和形函数考虑了轴力的影响。并以此编制了“kjgj”有限元软件 ,软件考虑了轴力引起的二阶效应。用平面和空间算例进行验证 ,单根杆件只剖分一个单元计算得到的精度可以达到商业软件剖分多个单元达到的精度。     

Study of Trace and Heavy Metals in Rural and Urban Aerosols of Uludağ and Bursa (Turkey)

The concentrations of heavy, trace elements and major ions measuredin the Uluda and Bursa aerosols were investigated to assess size distributions, spatial and temporal variability, sources and source regions affecting the composition of aerosols in Uluda and Bursa. A total of 81 samples were collected in two sites, one in Bursa city and another in the Uluda Mountain during two sampling campaigns. Daily samples were collected using a high volume sampler on Whatman 41 cellulose filters in Uluda, while three days interval samples were collected in Bursa using an automatic dichotomous sampler on PTFE Teflon filters. Samples were analysed for 15 trace and heavy metals (Al, Fe, Ba, Na, Mg, K, Mn, Ca, Cu), (V, Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, Zn), and 4 major ions (SO₄ ^2-, NO₃ ^-, Cl^-), (NH₄ ⁺) using ICP-AES, GFAAS, HPLC and UV/VIS Spectrophotometer,respectively. In general, concentrations of the metals measured inUluda aerosols were lower than those in Bursa. The concentrations of crustal elements were higher in summer than winter, while anthropogenic elements had higher concentrations in winter than summer. Most of the mass of crustal elements was concentrated in the coarse mode while the mass of the heavy metals was concentrated in the fine mode. Factor analysis revealed four factors with sources including crustal, industrial and combustion. Back trajectory calculations were used to determine long range contributions. These calculations showed that contributions were mostly from European countries, former Soviet Union countries, Black Sea and North Africa.     

Characterization of Dust Storms to Hong Kong in April 1998

In April 1998, two intense dust storms were generated in CentralAsia and transported eastward across East Asia (15 and 19 April). This article presents the chemical characterization ofHong Kong (HK) aerosols during the dust storms. During the 15 Aprildust storm, hourly respiratory suspended particles (RSP)(particle diameter smaller than 10 m) concentrationsmonitored at 7 sites in Hong Kong reached the peak valuessynchronously between 9 and 11 a.m. on 17 April, in which thehighest concentration was 267 g m^-3. Analysis ofthe RSP samples showed that concentrations of crustalelements (Ba, Ca, Cd, Cr, Fe, Mg, K⁺) and anthropogenicspecies (As, Ni, Pb, Zn, NH₄ ⁺, NO₃ ^-,SO₄ ^2- and total carbon) were substantiallyenhanced. Enhancement of these species was more than afactor of 2 to 14 relative to the non dust period. The totalcarbon content was high, at 59 g m^-3 (notincluding carbonate), and the enrichment factors of Asand Pb on 17 April were 122 and 117, respectively. Thisimplied that anthropogenic materials together with mineraldust were transported to HK from Mainland China. Based onmaterial balance calculations, mineral dust contributed41% to the observed RSP mass on 17 April, which was 2 times thatof the nondust sample (22%). From the 5-day backwardtrajectory analysis, this storm was transported directlyfrom Northwest China to HK. However, there was nocorresponding observation for the 19 April dust stormaerosol. Consequently, 15 April storm had stronger impact onHK's atmosphere than 19 April storm. Compared to the HK AirQuality Objective, 15 April dust storm did not cause seriousair pollution in HK.     

饱和软土刚性长短桩复合地基——强度及变形实用计算公式

刚性长短桩复合地基有许多特点，如桩体均为刚性、短桩及长桩桩端为低压缩或中压缩性土等。长短桩复合地基的设计理论目前仍处于研究阶段，现行规范中尚无有关其强度及变形的具体计算方法。重点探讨了饱和软粘土体上采用刚性长短桩复合地基的强度及变形理论，并提出了适用于工程应用的实用计算方法。     

实际烟气生成量计算方法的商榷

火灾烟气是火灾时所产生的气体和悬浮在其中的烟粒子的总称，是燃烧和热解产物的混合物。烟气量的大小取决于可燃物本身的燃烧性能、空气供给量等。火灾烟气具有缺氧、毒害、尘害、高温的特点，加上火场火灾烟气的减光性和恐怖性，使火灾烟气成为火灾人员伤亡的最主要原因，为此防排烟工程的设计对建筑消防安全非常重要，实际烟气生成量计算是防排烟工程设计的理论基础，就目前一些文献对实际烟气量计算方法存在的不足进行了探讨，并提出了一个新的计算方法，对两种方法的计算结果进行了对比，得出结论认为，计算实际烟气量应从实际空气供给量是否过剩或不足两种情况分别进行考虑计算。     

论生物学书稿中量与符号的规范化问题

随着国际科教交流活动的增加,在生物学研究中采用与推广新的量与符号的国际出版标准正变得日益重要,作为生物学书稿的资深编辑,本文讨论了生物学书稿中通常使用的量、符号、名词术语和其它的统计符号.     

圆柱体相似试件的拉裂破坏模型研究

首先简单介绍了单轴压缩试验的具体情况。对于拉裂破坏模式,提出了相应的力学计算模型,并建立了抗压强度和抗拉强度的关系式。对于由拉裂面的存在而导致试件最终破坏的计算模型,提出了4种相应的假设。其中,对4种特征的拉裂面建立了抗压强度和抗拉强度的关系式。     

陆缘伸展区的地震激发机制

江苏所处的中国东部被当代横贯欧亚的北西西向环球螺旋形扭转断裂带（其东段即大别—舟山断裂）分割为南部的褶皱山带隆升区和北部的沉降区。软流圈从太平洋方向面楔入北部区，使该区岩石圈减薄，陆壳向海洋伸展、离裂，产生郯庐断裂等具有直扭性质的近南北向软流（及地幔）底辟，并伴随有多层水平拆离面，所见为高导低速的水平破裂带。绝大多数地震沿着其中埋深１５ｋｍ（±５ｋｍ）的第一水平破裂带发生，使北部区成面积性地震区。结合高压物性实验所得的岩石微破裂规律（…分割—错位—嵌合—再分割…）判断得知，水平破裂带中的膨胀增厚部分的流体处在超压状态而成为储能体，在陆壳伸展运动中会突然释放能量而诱发地震。因此，根据已有实际分析认为：强震和频震区的发展的必要条件是软流楔入和陆壳伸展，而其充分条件是储能体在软流冲击和增温效应下的爆裂或突然塌缩事件。据此可根据软流运动和岩石圈结构预测未来震中，建立中、长期预报甚至短临预报的监控系统