我国安全生产的形势和任务

论述了我国安全生产工作发展概况与安全的关系 ,分析了我国安全生产状况 ;指出了我国安全生产面临的主要难点 ;提出了我国安全生产工作的重任所在 ;笔者认为 ,只要从实际出发 ,坚持改革、标本兼治和技术创新 ,发挥政府、企业、劳动者三方协调机制的作用 ,借鉴和吸收国际成功经验 ,我国安全生产水平是会列于世界先进行列的。     

高温职业危害风险分级与分级管理研究

为进一步研究高温作业职业危害风险强度,探讨高温作业环境条件下环境温度与劳动强度对劳动者健康的影响及其联合作用。采用高温环境模拟仓实验与建筑行业露天高温作业现场调研和测试相结合的方法,以高温环境和心血管体能负荷值(%CVL)作为高温作业危害风险分级的主要参照指标。提出了高温作业职业危害风险分级的技术方法和针对不同程度高温职业危害风险管理措施的具体建议,为保护高温作业劳动者安全与健康提供科学依据。     

云南昌宁玉地里温泉水文地球化学特征及形成模式

以水化学及同位素技术为基础,对昌宁县玉地里温泉的地质及地热特征进行了研究,并取得了一些重要的认识.通过对比研究该温泉地下热水1980年和2012年的水文地球化学数据,发现经过30多年的循环演化,其水化学类型仍为HCO3-Na型.δD和δ18O同位素为该温泉首次获得,数据显示地下热水具有现代大气降水的氢氧同位素组成特征,属断裂带对流型深循环低温地下热水系统,其补给源区位于东部和南部山区,热储层和盖层的构造及岩性特征与地下热水的深循环和化学组成有着密切联系.     

武汉市耕地非农化的空间自相关分析

经济发展和城市扩张使包括耕地在内的大量开放空间被不断侵蚀,随着人们对耕地非市场价值和生态功能认识的不断加深,如何合理高效可持续地利用耕地被广泛关注。采用空间自相关分析方法从乡镇尺度定量研究了武汉市耕地非农化的空间关系,以探讨快速发展时期平原城市耕地非农化空间关系的变化及其原因。研究表明:(1)全局Morans I显示武汉市耕地非农化在1990~2011年的4个时期均呈现出显著的全局空间自相关,其聚集强度以2005年为分界点,前3个时期不断加强后有所下降;(2)通过EB修正的武汉市耕地非农化的LISA图显示武汉市耕地非农化的聚集区域由开始处于区域外围的LL型聚集为主导逐步转变为处于城乡交错区域的LH+HH型聚集为主导;(3)通过绘制不同时期不同聚集类型的重心移动路径可以发现LH+HH型聚集均出现先向东南再向东北移动的趋势,这种耕地非农化趋势与区域的产业布局有密切关系。通过空间自相关分析掌握武汉市耕地非农化的空间特征是开展耕地保护和实现耕地合理利用的基石,根据研究结果可以确定重点和优先管制区域以提升土地利用管制效果,协调好城市建设和耕地资源保护间的关系。     

如何保证热水锅炉的安全运行

针对热水锅炉的特点,阐述了如何保证热水锅炉的安全运行.     

Environmental assessment of dehydrated alfalfa production in Spain

Alfalfa is the major forage crop produced in temperate regions worlwide. Although this crop is currently used mainly for producing high-value livestock feed, its application for bioenergy production is a recent focus of interest. Even though it is not mandatory, alfalfa is normally dried in order to improve the quality of the final product. In this study, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was used to quantify the environmental impacts linked to alfalfa production in the major cultivation zone in Spain (Ebro Valley), including field activities, dehydration and transport to farms for livestock feeding. In addition, the identification of the most relevant processes contributing to the environmental impact and the potential improvements actions were also defined as objectives. Inventory data were obtained mainly from interviews with farmers complemented with published literature and comments from experts.LCA results were obtained for global warming, acidification, eutrophication, photochemical oxidant formation, land use, non-renewable cumulative energy demand and human, terrestrial and aquatic ecotoxicities. Within the life cycle of alfalfa, the dehydration process, production of phosphate fertilizer, application of nitrogen fertilizers and pesticides, water consumption and final transport to the consumer (by road and ship) were identified as hot spots. Based on these, some improvement measures were proposed and evaluated: (i) reduction of the moisture content of alfalfa and the use of a higher percentage of biomass for combustion in the dehydration process, (ii) no application of nitrogen fertilizer in maintenance years and (iii) use of more efficient trucks for transport. Their implementation would produce significant reduction of eutrophication, global warming, acidification, non-renewable cumulative energy demand and, to a lesser extent, photochemical oxidation formation and human toxicity impacts.     

The Subjective Rating Scales for Measurement of Mental Workload—Thurstonian Scaling

Subjective rating scales for measuring work demands and individual capabilities to cope with work requirements were developed using the Thurstonian procedure. The scales measure six dimensions of mental workload: mental difficulties, feeling of responsibility, awareness of risk, interpersonal conflicts, monotony, and time pressure. Individual scale results make it possible to assess the level of mental workload understood as a relation between the subjective rating of work demands and individual capabilities in each of the six dimensions. Two versions of scales were prepared: classic and modified ones. To assess the level of reliability of the particular scales, 481 participants were examined twice at a 1-month interval. A procedure to prepare scales for the measurement of other dimensions of mental workload is also presented.     

汶川地震后图书馆的恢复重建与职能发挥

汶川地震给灾区的图书馆事业带来重创,全国图书馆界、灾区各类图书馆及其他相关部门立即行动起来,进行抗震救灾、恢复重建工作.图书馆通过及时地宣传、报道、捐款捐物、对民众进行心理干预、编制发放抗震救灾小册子等行动,再加上国家立法的有力支持,进行自救与协助重建,为夺取抗震救灾的最后胜利充分发挥图书馆的职能作用.     

浅谈加油站IC卡卡机联动改造工程中的HSE管理

介绍了HSE管理体系在加油站IC卡卡机联动改造工程中的应用 ,阐述了制定与实施HSE管理方案的重点 ,分析了IC卡改造工程中实施HSE管理的意义。     

工业动火防护方法的探讨

介绍了在石油生产设备设施的建设安装和检修动火过程中 ,工程技术人员创造发明的防护盲板、防护接地、加装管道扫线接口和绝缘螺栓4种防护方法 ,简要叙述它们的结构、用途和适用范围 ,为油田施工单位进行动火作业提供技术参考。