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821.
It is also in our nature: Genetic influences on work characteristics and in explaining their relationships with well‐being
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Work design research typically views employee work characteristics as being primarily determined by the work environment and has thus paid less attention to the possibility that the person may also influence employee work characteristics and in turn accounts for the work characteristics–well‐being relationships through selection. Challenging this conventional view, we investigated the role of a fundamental individual difference variable—people's genetic makeup—in affecting work characteristics (i.e., job demands, job control, social support at work, and job complexity) and in explaining why work characteristics relate to subjective and physical well‐being. Our findings based on a national US twin sample show sizable genetic influences on job demands, job control, and job complexity, but not on social support at work. Such genetic influences were partly attributed to genetic factors associated with core self‐evaluations. Both genetic and environmental influences accounted for the relationships between work characteristics and well‐being, but to varying degrees. The results underscore the importance of the person, in addition to the work environment, in influencing employee work characteristics and explaining the underlying nature of the relationships between employee work characteristics and their well‐being. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
822.
总结了油库设备焊割动火作业中油蒸气的清除、隔离方法及其组织实施要点,有利于油库整修改造过程中焊割动火作业的安全管理。 相似文献
823.
为分析驾驶人高速公路施工区合流选择意愿的影响因素,基于非集计理论构建多属性施工区驾驶人合流选择意愿模型。利用SP调查法自主设计调查问卷,获得328份有效施工区驾驶人合流选择数据;利用Pearson相关系数分析施工区合流选择意愿与驾驶人因素和道路交通环境因素的相关性;以上游过渡区、警告区Ⅰ和警告区Ⅱ 3个合流区域作为选择肢,从驾驶人和道路交通环境特征属性2个方面归纳出6个因素对施工区合流选择意愿的影响,应用分类变量处理方法将其定义为6种指标,并进行赋值。结合非集计理论,以328份有效问卷为建模数据,建立施工区合流选择意愿的MNL模型,并利用似然比、优度比和模型命中率3个指标判断模型的拟合程度。结果表明:模型拟合程度较好;驾龄、施工区类型、道路条件、交通控制标志、速度条件和限速策略对驾驶人施工区合流选择意愿有显著影响。 相似文献
824.
Material selection in manufacturing may be characterized as a series of trade-offs between characteristics, properties, environmental impacts, sustainability, availability, and economics. Societal concerns about the environmental impacts of construction practices and materials have been expressed through an increase in the demand, production and use of “green” building products. This, combined with a desire to integrate more bioproducts and natural and renewable resources into the construction industry, has extended to the production and promotion of insulation made from sheep's wool.Although substantial literature exists on the insulation properties and other benefits of wool, less is known about the economics and manufacturing processes of sheep's wool insulation at varying scales of production. This paper contributes to this field of enquiry through presentation of the preliminary results of a wool insulation manufacturing pilot project, in which the scale and economics of the production of sheep's wool insulation were considered. Processing techniques, the impact of sheep breed, yield, energy use, and manufacturing costs were also examined. The results of the pilot project indicate that, while sheep's wool insulation produced at a smaller, or artisanal scale shows some potential, scale of operation and volume of production need to be carefully considered in order to ensure long-term sustainability of the operation. Using the least expensive sheep's wool available for the manufacture of wool batt insulation (and thereby reducing production costs) did not, in this pilot study, have a negative impact on productivity or product performance. Diversion of this waste stream of currently less marketable, and consequently less valuable wool, into the production of a green building material may offer small but significant benefit to sheep producers and the broader agricultural community, as well as consumers. 相似文献
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826.
对环保技术工作的机理进行了研究,提出了适应全面深化改革要求的环保技术工作思路,以及国家治污先导技术研发储备制度的构想。 相似文献
827.
输油管道动火的安全管理 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
针对东北管网30年来动火施工安全管理方面的经验,总结近年来在动火安全管理上采用的新的管理模式所取得的成效,提出石油管道企业风险程度最高的输油管道动火施工安全管理动火准备、动火施工投产的责任界面划分、动火施工投产组织机构的建立、施工现场的安全管理等一整套科学动火方法和理念。通过对输油管道动火施工这一高风险作业管理实现了低风险操作,实现了本质安全。 相似文献
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829.
830.
PM2.5是雾-霾中的主要成分,河南省已成为PM2.5污染防治重点地区之一.基于2015~2019年河南省PM2.5浓度数据,使用空间自相关和空间热点探测方法分析其时空特征,引入地理探测器方法分析气象因素、空气质量因素和社会因素对PM2.5浓度的解释力度.结果表明,河南省2015~2019年PM2.5浓度整体呈现降低趋势,高污染天数减少和低污染天数增加,高污染逐步向中污染转化;PM2.5浓度具备明显的空间聚集特征,全局空间自相关指数先降后升,空间热点集中在豫北地区(安阳市、鹤壁市、新乡市和焦作市),空间冷点集中在豫西地区(三门峡市、洛阳市和南阳市);空间重心转移呈现出北上的趋势;单因子探测显示,在9个影响因子中,土地利用类型(解释力度为0.511,下同)、降水量(0.312)和NO2浓度(0.277)是影响PM2.5浓度最明显的因子,其余因子影响力排序为PM10浓度(0.255)、温度(0.... 相似文献