上海南区污水输送干线世博期间排水安全保障

上海世界博览会将于2010年5月至10月召开,会展期跨越上海市夏季主汛期。届时如何保障世博园区的排水安全和水质安全,对接纳园区污水的已建干线排水系统是一个极大的考验。通过建立上海市南干线排水管网系统的数学水力集成模型,对世博园区污水接入后南干线的水力状态进行模拟,预测世博园区的排水风险,提出世博期间南干线的排水安全保障方案,为世博会期间的防洪保安奠定基础。     

装修噪声污染及防治

对住宅装修噪声与振动的污染进行了调查监测分析,弄清住宅装修噪声源的特点,及其对周围声环境和居民的污染状况。提出住宅装修噪声的有关防治措施。     

固定化微生物技术处理城市微污染河水研究

将陶粒、功能化聚氨酯泡沫(FPUFS)、阿科蔓柔性填料、人工水草等4种不同载体与高效复合菌剂BP35应用于曝气生物滤池(BAF)构成固定化曝气生物滤池(G-BAF),研究固定化微生物技术对城市微污染河水的净化效果.4种G-BAF对NH4+-N、叶绿素和浊度的去除率分别为83.0%~89.0%、77.5%~89.0%和84.4%~95.2%,均大于对COD、UV254和TP的去除效果.FPUFS含有羟基、环氧基和酰胺基等反应性基团,对酶和微生物的负载量大,因此FPUFS-G-BAF对污染物的去除效率高于其余3种G-BAF.水力停留时间(HRT)对4种G-BAF去除NH4+-N的影响均不显著,而对COD的去除效果影响较大.当溶解氧(DO)浓度由2 mg/L升至4 mg/L时,4种G-BAF对COD和NH4+-N的去除率分别提高了11.9%~18.0%和12.7%~16.1%.GC-MS分析结果表明,G-BAF工艺能有效地将河水中分子质量较大的难降解有机物降解为小分子物质.     

Risk and characteristics analysis of the flow-induced vibration of the dip tube in opposed multi-burner gasifier

The vibration of dip tube in multi-burner gasifier changes the stress at the connection, causing flange seal failures and high temperature gas erosions with heavy economic losses and industrial accidents. This work aims to reveal the dip tube vibration mechanism, with special focus on obtaining the effect of operational parameters on the fatigue damage and long-term stable operation of gasifiers. A three-dimensional numerical simulation of the water-scrubbing cooling chamber was conducted to obtain the excitation source in the flow field. Then a FSI (fluid-structure interaction) transient dynamics simulation was carried out to investigate the vibration characteristics. Two major flow forms were found: a vertical annular flow near the dip tube outlet in the water-scrubbing cooling chamber; and a gas-liquid coupled flow caused by the syngas entrained the liquid. These two unstable multiphase flow forms exerted an energy excitation on the dip tube, resulting in a self-excited flutter. The dip tube vibration was similar to the first mode of a cantilever beam. The peak frequency was less affected by the initial liquid level and the syngas stream inlet velocity, which was close to its own first natural frequency. Note that, the alternating load generated by vibration may cause fatigue damage, which needs to be specifically considered in the design and manufacturing process of opposed multi-burner gasifier.     

排桩几何参数对其隔振半径的影响试验研究

通过室外试验的方法、从二维角度入手并将排桩参数与瑞利波波长建立联系研究了几何参数变化时隔振半径的变化。结果表明:单排桩可取得整体性的隔振特点,并且隔振效果最佳的区域在桩后较近的距离;桩长增加可使其隔振效果提升且隔振半径随桩长与波长比值的增加而增加,当桩长与波长比值小于0.320时,隔振半径为0;随比值增加到0.820左右,隔振半径增加到约0.680 m。桩间距的增加可使其隔振效果变差,隔振半径随桩间距与波长比值增加而降低,当比值达到0.300~0.430时,隔振半径长度降为0。振源距离增加可使得排桩隔振效果增强,而隔振半径随振源距与波长比值增加而增加,当比值在0.165~0.305的范围内时,隔振半径为0;随比值增加到0.808左右,隔振半径的长度增加到约0.512 m。     

小波熵去噪在微差爆破延时精确识别中的应用

在小波熵去噪理论的基础上,对实际隧道爆破工程采集到的爆破振动信号进行了小波熵方法去噪。利用db8小波对去噪后的信号在尺度a=16进行了连续小波变换得到其模极大值,准确识别了隧道多段别微差爆破实际延期时间间隔,并验证了小波熵方法去噪的可靠性。结果表明,小波熵去噪方法能够有效滤除和抑制爆破振动非线性信号所夹杂的高频噪声分量,并且很好地保留了爆破振动信号的突变细节。对滤波后的信号进行模极大值变换,信号局部奇异点的辨识更准确,可以精确识别隧道微差爆破延时间隔。     

基于互联网+的轨道交通动力设备安全管理系统的研究

根据我国轨道交通设备安全管理的需求,提出基于互联网+的轨道交通动力设备安全管理系统平台的框架,运用J2EE开发工具,采用嵌入式高速数据采集技术、故障诊断技术,构建形成集成化、网络化和信息化的轨道交通动力设备安全管理系统。完善智能的设备安全管理系统,能有效提高轨道交通动力设备的安全监管力度,保障设备安全。     

Endurance time,muscular activity and the hand/arm tremor for different exertion forces of holding

This study aimed to examine the effects of exertion force on endurance time, muscular activity and hand/arm tremor during holding. Fifteen healthy young males were recruited as participants. The independent variable was exertion force (20%, 40%, 60% and 80% maximum holding capacity). The dependent variables were endurance time, muscular activity and hand/arm tremor. The results showed that endurance time decreased with exertion force while muscular activity and hand/arm tremor increased with exertion force. Hand/arm tremor increased with holding time. Endurance time of 40%, 60% and 80% maximum holding capacity was approximately 22.7%, 12.0% and 5.6% of that of 20% maximum holding capacity, respectively. The rms (root mean square) acceleration of hand/arm tremor of the final phase of holding was 2.27-, 1.33-, 1.20- and 1.73-fold of that of the initial phase of holding for 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% maximum holding capacity, respectively.     

城陵矶综合枢纽工程建设对洞庭湖水动力影响模拟研究

受流域降雨量偏枯以及三峡工程蓄水运行等综合影响,洞庭湖季节性干旱问题近年来日益突出.为缓解洞庭湖旱情,湖南省和湖北省政府提出了建设城陵矶综合枢纽工程.枢纽工程的建设,将改变洞庭湖水动力特征,影响湖区生态环境.该研究基于MIKE 21模型构建了洞庭湖二维水动力模型,模拟预测了枢纽工程建设前后洞庭湖湖体水位、流速等水动力参数变化特征.验证结果显示:水动力模拟结果与实测值吻合较好,模型计算结果有效可靠.模拟结果显示:城陵矶综合枢纽调度运行后,能够有效抬升全湖水位0.78~1.06 m,增加湖泊面积5.96%~10.84%,增加湖容31.18%~39.69%.枢纽工程对缓解洞庭湖秋季旱情、春季旱情作用明显,能够在一定程度上解决洞庭湖枯水期提前、枯水期延长、枯季水位偏低等问题.随着水位的抬升,湖体流速有不同程度的减小,退水期、枯水期平均流速由0.30 m·s-1和0.23 m·s-1降至0.28m·s-1和0.19 m·s-1,分别降低了6.67%、17.39%.城陵矶综合枢纽运行后,水流速度减缓、水体滞留时间延长,将加大湖体富营养化风险.     

LRM 模块载荷分解方法研究

目的根据综合模块化航空电子设备的特点,研究LRM模块的载荷分解方法。方法通过仿真和试验方法,对LRM模块所承受的温度和振动载荷进行分解,并详细论述两种方法的具体实现过程。结果将模块载荷分解方法成功运用于某工程系统中,验证了方法的有效性。结论 LRM模块的载荷分解方法能够指导其他类似综合模块化航空电子设备的载荷分解,推动LRM模块合理的独立环境试验及交付。