基于直升机耦合分析的振动响应预测研究

目的预测直升机振动响应。方法采用中等变形梁理论建立直升机旋翼桨叶结构有限元模型,以准定常气动力模型及Pitt动态入流理论模拟旋翼上的气动作用力,结合旋翼结构及气动模型形成旋翼动力学分析模型,并以旋翼动力学试验结果验证模型的正确性。基于Patran建立直升机机体动力学模型,根据旋翼动力学分析结果,筛选并提取机体模态信息。结果耦合旋翼动力学及机体动力学模型,形成直升机全机耦合动力学分析模型,采用时间有限元方法求解耦合模型,以此模型进行直升机机体振动响应预测及与试验对比分析研究。结论该方法机体振动响应计算值与试验值变化规律相同。     

飞机典型液压管路全状态考核试验方法研究

目的 提出一种飞机典型液压管路全状态考核试验方法,同时考虑液压管路内部高压高速液压油流动和外部振动环境耦合产生的响应。方法 从飞机典型舱位液压管路系统中抽取出液压管路及其支持结构试验件,模拟出液压管路安装的机体支持刚度,通过液压回路组件模拟飞机液压管路内液压油的流动环境,以及通过振动台组件模拟飞机舱位振动环境这两个液压管路疲劳寿命的主要影响要素。结果 通过设计的试验能同时施加液压管路疲劳寿命主要影响因素环境。结论 针对目前飞机液压管路地面模拟试验环境和空中飞行状态有较大差异,文中提出了一种飞机典型液压管路全状态考核试验方法,通过该试验可为液压管路减振优化设计提供试验依据。     

Impacts of Bakken Shale Oil Development on Regional Water Uses and Supply

The Bakken shale play in western North Dakota is one of the largest unconventional oilfields in the United States, but published research about impacts on the region's water resources is rare. In this study, besides examining North Dakota water management policies and activities, we also analyzed three datasets: the Bakken horizontal well completion data (2008‐2014), North Dakota permitted water consumption data (2000‐2014), and groundwater level and streamflow observations in western North Dakota (2000‐2014). We found from 2008 to 2014, the annual total industrial water uses for Bakken shale oil development ranged between 0.5 and 10% of statewide total consumptive water use. The percentage increases were between 3.0 and 40% within the Bakken oil production region. The increased population of temporary oilfield service workers contributed additional domestic water use, which was equivalent to ~15% of annual industrial water use for the shale oil development in the Bakken. Despite being in a semiarid region, the impact of Bakken development on regional water supply was limited because the water in the Bakken was adaptively managed and the region received on average over 20% more precipitation than normal during 2008‐2014. Of the 15 glaciofluvial aquifers under study, 12 have seen water levels increasing or unchanged and the water levels for the remaining 3 aquifers have decreased.     

大型空间桁架天线振动控制及作动器位置优化

目的对在轨大型空间柔性桁架天线结构振动进行主动控制及作动器位置优化。方法采用线性二次型最优控制算法对天线结构进行振动抑制,以系统能量和控制能量的和作为优化性能指标,利用遗传算法对作动器的位置进行优化。结果在优化配置的两个作动器控制作用下,受到激扰的天线结构振动便在10 s内得到良好得抑制,振动幅值减小了一个量级。结论适当地增加作动器数目,恰当地配置作动器的位置能有效抑制柔性天线结构的振动。     

实验室开展内部审核工作的研究

随着中国经济的发展,无论是政府部门、科研机构,还是社会公众都对实验室的能力更为关注,实验室需要通过外部机构的评审,赢得外界对自身能力的信任,提高实验室的知名度.实验室计量认证工作,一般是按照《实验室资质认定评审准则》的要求,建立并运行质量管理体系.内部审核(以下,简称“内审”)是质量管理体系运行中必须进行的一项质量管理活动,内审是保证质量管理体系有效运行的重要手段.文章对内审各个环节中存在的一些问题进行了分析,提出了改进的建议和应注意的事项,对有效开展实验室内审有一定的借鉴意义.     

单晶炉的振动分析与计算

分析了增设高承台支座的单晶炉的自振特性.根据设备对环境振动的高要求,首先分析并计算环境振动对其影响,给出振动加速度反应谱曲线,按照单自由度体系对加支座的单晶炉进行强迫振动分析;然后按基本烈度8度分析并计算设备的水平地震作用及其效应.     

基于多组并联控制的高层建筑遇险循环链梯研究

为了解决居住在高层建筑中的人们遇险后安全疏散的问题,研究出一种新颖的无动力链梯逃逸系统。在没有电力资源的情况下,既要解决循环链梯缓降速度,实现平滑控制的问题,又要解决系统长期处于闲置状态,而不影响其可靠性的问题。提出了循环链梯缓降速度多组并联控制的方案;采用液压式并联控制机构,很好地解决了链梯缓降速度的平滑控制及其可靠性的问题;并成功地研制出循环链梯的试验装置,经实际的性能测试表明,具有启动负荷小、运行平稳、工作可靠的特点。     

IMPACT OF VARIED DATA RESOLUTION ON HYDRAULIC MODELING AND FLOODPLAIN DELINEATION1

ABSTRACT: Current data collection technologies such as light detection and ranging (LIDAR) produce dense digital terrain data that result in more accurate digital terrain models (DTMs) for engineering applications. However, such data are redundant and often cumbersome for hydrologic and hydraulic modeling purposes. Data filtering provides a means of eliminating redundant points and facilitates model preparation. This paper demonstrates the impact of varied data resolution on a case study completed for a 2.3 mi² area with mild slopes (about 001 ft/ft) along Leith Creek near Laurinburg, North Carolina. For the original data set and seven filtered data sets, filtering induced changes in elevation, area, and hydraulic radius were determined for 10 water depths at 23 cross sections. Water surface elevations resulting from HEC‐RAS (Hydrologic Engineering Center‐River Analysis System) models for each data set were then compared. A hydraulic model sensitivity analysis was also conducted to compare filtering error to error introduced by variation in flow rates and roughness values. Finally, automated floodplain delineation was performed for each filter level based on the computed hydraulic model results and the filtered LIDAR elevations. Data filtering results indicate that significant time savings are achieved throughout the modeling process and that filtering to four degrees can be performed without compromising cross‐sectional geometry, hydraulic model results, or floodplain delineation results.     

BANKFULL HYDRAULIC GEOMETRY RELATIONSHIPS AND RECURRENCE INTERVALS FOR NORTH CAROLINA'S COASTAL PLAIN1

ABSTRACT: Bank full hydraulic geometry relationships relate stream channel geometry to watershed size for specific physiographic regions. This paper presents bank full hydraulic geometry relationships and recurrence intervals for the Southeastern Plain coercion and the flat woods subtype of the Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain ecoregion found within North Carolina's Coastal Plain physiographic province. Cross‐sectional and longitudinal survey data from gated and unpaged streams were used to compute channel dimension and profile information. Power functions were developed, relating drainage area to bank full discharge, cross‐sectional area, width, and mean depth. Recurrence intervals of bank full events were estimated from gagged streams using both a Log‐Pearson Type III distribution of peak annual discharge and a partial‐duration series of average daily discharge. Results from both methods indicate that average bank full recurrence intervals for the study area are below one year. Determinations of recurrence intervals by the Log‐Pearson Type III distribution were for the most part inconclusive (less than one year), while a partial duration series estimated a 0.19 year average, ranging from 0.11 to 0.31 years.     

爆区附近岩土质点振动的测试与分析

工程爆破中一般用质点振速作为衡量爆破震动强度的参数，并按质点振动公式来进行计算，但这样往往不能全面地反映爆破震动所产生的破坏作用。本在对台阶微差爆破震动测试的基础上，通过回归分析，得到了爆区附近不同位置的振速衰减规律及适用于砂质泥岩和砂质页岩等均质岩体的频率特性，同时提出了爆破震动在边坡坡缘处的振速放大效应以及频率的调制作用，并对产生的原因做出了相应的分析。