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761.
762.
对与臭氧有着不同反应活性的3类有机污染物,探讨并建立了O3/H2O2高级氧化技术H2O2较优投加量的简易控制方法.结果表明,水中存在溶解臭氧是H2O2与臭氧降解效率具有协同作用的必要条件,另外,H2O2的较优加入量直接依赖于目标有机污染物与臭氧的反应活性.对于不同的有机物及在常规的臭氧化水处理时间内,H2O2加入量控制在单独臭氧化处理时水中溶解臭氧的20~30倍(质量比)之间为宜.这种简易控制H2O2加入量的方法对推广O3/H2O2技术在实际废水处理中的应用具有重要的意义. 相似文献
763.
用天然白云石制备了半焙烧白云石和全焙烧白云石,并在固定床上对这些白云石进行硫化氢的高温脱除性栽能研究,同时考察了反应温度、空速、粒子粒径对白云石脱硫性能的影响.用X射线衍射(XRD)、热重分析(TG)和气体吸附等测试手段,对脱硫剂的物相组成、结构、比表面积和孔容进行了表征.结果表明,白云石是一种很好的吸硫剂.在同样条件下,3种白云石中半焙烧白云石具有最好的脱硫效果;而对于同一种白云石,反应条件的差异也会导致其脱硫效果的变化.白云石的脱硫性能与其微观结构有密切关系. 相似文献
764.
低温等离子体技术是一种高效、快速的污染消除技术,国内外都在对其进行广泛而深入的研究.采用脉冲电晕放电等离子体对空气中的硫化氢进行降解研究,探索了、脉冲峰压、脉冲频率、气体流量以及气体初始浓度对净化效果的影响,气体浓度由气相色谱仪测定.结果表明,脉冲电晕放电可以有效消除硫化氢污染,净化率随脉冲峰压和脉冲频率的增加而提高,随气体初始浓度和流量的增加而下降,且在初始浓度360 mg/m3、流量1200 mL/min、脉冲峰压30 kV、脉冲频率80 Hz的条件下,处理后的气体中已检测不到H2S,根据色谱检测限(0.29 mg/m3)计算出的净化率≥99.92%.采用离子色谱对产物进行了定性分析,发现H2S经放电处理后主要产物为SO2和SO3. 相似文献
765.
用液相催化氧化法对低浓度H2S净化进行实验研究.实验结果表明,对H2S浓度在1500-2500mg/m3之间,氧含量为5%的H2S尾气,Fe+、Zn2+和Mn2+在液相中对H2S具有催化氧化作用,其催化性能大小顺序为Fe2+>Zn2+>Mn2+,且Fe2+催化性能远远大于其他两种离子;用Fe2+作催化剂,溶液的净化效率可达99%以上,且硫容量也较大,对低浓度H2S的净化相当有利. 相似文献
766.
研究了利用电厂粉煤灰作为非均相催化剂,催化H2O2氧化对氨基苯酚(PAP),讨论了各种因素对PAP去除率的影响。结果表明,在30℃,pH=1.5,H2O2和PAP的起始浓度分别为0.50mol/L和0.10mol/L,反应时间为100min,粉煤灰用量为6.0%,搅拌速度为1000r/min的条件下,粉煤灰具有良好的催化活性,能有效地催化H2O2氧化PAP,PAP的去除率可达81%左右。该法可用于预处理含PAP的工业废水。 相似文献
767.
Joan B. Silk Jeanne Altmann Susan C. Alberts 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2006,61(2):183-195
Sociality has positive effects on female fitness in many mammalian species. Among female baboons, those who are most socially integrated reproduce most successfully. Here we test a number of predictions derived from kin selection theory about the strength of social bonds among adult female baboons. Our analyses are based on systematic observations of grooming and association patterns among 118 females living in seven different social groups in the Amboseli Basin of Kenya over a 16-year period. Females in these groups formed the strongest bonds with close kin, including their mothers, daughters, and maternal and paternal sisters. Females were also strongly attracted toward females who were close to their own age, perhaps because peers were often paternal sisters. Females’ bonds with their maternal sisters were strengthened after their mother’s deaths, whereas their relationships with their maternal aunts were weakened after their mother’s death. In addition, females formed stronger bonds with their paternal sisters when no close maternal kin were available, and they compensated for the absence of any close kin by forming strong bonds with nonrelatives. Taken together, these data suggest that social bonds play a vital role in females’ lives, and the ability to establish and maintain strong social bonds may have important fitness consequences for females.Joan B. Silk is on sabbatical at Cambridge University from September 2005 to August 2006. Tel.: +44-7929759697; Fax: +44-1223-335460. 相似文献
768.
769.
770.
Ryunosuke Kikuchi 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2005,6(4):453-471
It is considered that use of hydrogen as an energy source may contribute to environmental improvement and provide an alternative energy system. Moreover, it is anticipated that hydrogen will be in great demand in the near future for use in such vehicles as fuel cell-based cars. Research and development of a number of advanced methods of hydrogen production (OTEC, water photolysis using a semiconductor, a municipal waste gasification—smelting system, etc.) is currently under way.A comparison of different hydrogen-rich fuels in this paper shows that methane is advantageous for hydrogen production from the viewpoint of energy efficiency as measured by thermodynamic analysis. This paper therefore proposes combining existing technology for hydrogen production with an unconventional methane source in order to facilitate the realization of a hydrogen energy system: i.e., this paper proposes combining the process of steam reforming, which is commercialized worldwide, with use of untouched natural gas hydrate (NGH) resources. Gas hydrate deposits, which are distributed worldwide, hold great amounts of methane gas and have hardly been touched. This paper presents the economic parameters of NGH development and discusses the concept of devising useful applications of NGHs, with consideration given to (1) independence from current fossil fuels; (2) energy transport using the hydrate system; (3) CO2 sequestration — replacement of methane hydrate with CO2 hydrate in the submarine layer and (4) improvement of current steam reforming of methane by CO2 reuse and zeolite application. This paper thus proposes a new solution that will make a key contribution to the systematic development of a new sustainable energy structure.Readers should send their comments on this paper to: BhaskarNath@aol.com within 3 months of publication of this issue. 相似文献