STATE POLLUTION CONTROL PROGRAMS - A REVIEW1

ABSTRACT: This review of state pollution control programs suggests that states have brought imaginative thought to environmental programs. While manpower and funds have been concentrated in such traditional areas of concern as air and water quality enforcement, many states have attempted to defray the industrial costs of pollution control by increasing public waste treatment facilities, providing tax incentives for pollution control equipment and authorizing pollution control revenue bond financing.     

扬州制药厂"2·1"氢气钢瓶爆炸事故分析及其预防

针对扬州制药厂 " 2.1" 氢气钢瓶爆炸事故 , 从 " 人、机、料、工艺条件、操作环境 " 5个方面查找出事故原因 , 并提出预防措施和对策 .     

Decolorization and kinetics of photo oxidizing cationic blue X-GRL by UV/H2O2 system

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＲｅｃｅｎｔｌｙ,ｔｈｅｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｉａｌｔｅｘｔｉｌｅｗａｓｔｅｗａｔｅｒｈａｓｂｅｅｎｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒｅｄｔｏｂｅａｓｅｒｉｏｕｓｐｏｌｌｕｔｉｏｎｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｔｈｒｏｕｇｈｏｕｔｔｈｅｗｏｒｌｄ.Ａｂｏｕｔ10000ｄｉｆ?..     

填料湿度、pH值对BF系统处理H2S废气的影响

为了优化BF废气处理系统设计,实验研究了填料湿度、pH值对BF系统处理H2S废气的影响,并考察了气流流速、相对湿度、温度等参数对生物填料层湿度变化的影响规律.实验结果表明,填料层的湿度变化会影响BF系统对H2S的去除率,当湿度小于45%时,BF系统对H2S去除率呈现下降态势.从BF系统长期稳定运行角度看,适宜的湿度范围是50%～70%.气流湿度、气速、温度等参数影响填料层的湿度变化,填料层湿度变化是气流特性和生物效应共同作用的结果.本实验条件下,填料层的最大干燥速率与相对湿度的对数值、气速的0.68次幂、温度的0.8次幂成正比.另外,当pH值大于8.0时,其对以短杆菌为优势菌的H2S氧化细菌活性的影响较大.     

木屑生物膜处理H2S气体研究

采用木屑为载体固定微生物处理含H2S废气．微生物经活性污泥驯化得到．结果表明：木屑为载体固定微生物小需要长时间的挂膜时间．生物滤池启动后的48h内进气浓度迅速提高到641mg／m^3，H2S的去除率达到了100％．实验测定了不同容积负荷下H2S的处理率，当容积负荷为360g(H2S)／(m^3d)时，H2S气体的去除率可以稳定在97．4％以上．最后采用Michaelis-Menten关系式对H2S的去除速率进行了宏观动力学分析，计算得出半饱和因子Ks为242．75mg／m^3，最大表观去除率Vm为833．33g(H2S)／(m^3d)．图5表2参8     

H_2O_2与间歇进水方式对污泥膨胀控制研究

投加 1 0 0mg/L的H2 O2 ,可明显抑制丝状菌 ,使污泥膨胀得到控制 ,但不能根除。采用间歇进水方式 ,进水时间1h ,反应时间 4h ,可以控制污泥膨胀 ,但所需时间较长。在间歇进水的同时投加H2 O2 ,可快速使污泥膨胀得到控制。     

泥炭生物滤塔处理低浓度H2S气体的试验研究

研究了泥炭生物滤塔处理含低浓度H2 S恶臭气体的技术 .实验考察并研究了气体停留时间和H2 S进气负荷对H2 S去除率的影响 ,生物滤塔的抗冲击负荷能力以及生物降解宏观动力学 .结果表明 ,当停留时间为 2 5— 30s时 ,进气浓度为 3— 70mg m3 ,去除率达到 99%以上 ,且具有较强的抗冲击负荷 .     

Na_2CO_3/H_2O_2“稳定”的CO_2的型体研究(Ⅰ)——“稳定性二氧化氯”溶液中氯氧化物的类型及性能分析

本文对以稳定剂H_2O_2和Na_2CO_3与ClO_2制备的所谓“稳定性二氧化氯” 溶液中ClO_2存在型体及碳酸盐存在型体进行了分析,同时对“稳定性二氧化氯”的热稳定性、酸活化影响因素以及杀菌效果等方面进行了研究,并与纯NaClO_2和ClO_2进行了对比.结果表明:“稳定性二氧化氯”溶液中ClO_2是以亚氯酸盐ClO_2~-型体存在,碳酸盐是以碳酸氢盐型体存在.又通过理论分析证明“稳定性二氧化氯”溶液制备过程中ClO_2与H_2O_2和Na_2CO_3发生了氧化还原和质子传递反应,生成了亚氯酸盐ClO_2~-和碳酸氢盐HCO_3~-,并有O_2放出.因此,认为“稳定性二氧比氯”溶液是ClO_2与H_2O_2和Na_2CO_3反应生成的ClO_2~-和HCO_3~-的混合溶液.     

Social relationships among adult female baboons (papio cynocephalus) I. Variation in the strength of social bonds

Sociality has positive effects on female fitness in many mammalian species. Among female baboons, those who are most socially integrated reproduce most successfully. Here we test a number of predictions derived from kin selection theory about the strength of social bonds among adult female baboons. Our analyses are based on systematic observations of grooming and association patterns among 118 females living in seven different social groups in the Amboseli Basin of Kenya over a 16-year period. Females in these groups formed the strongest bonds with close kin, including their mothers, daughters, and maternal and paternal sisters. Females were also strongly attracted toward females who were close to their own age, perhaps because peers were often paternal sisters. Females’ bonds with their maternal sisters were strengthened after their mother’s deaths, whereas their relationships with their maternal aunts were weakened after their mother’s death. In addition, females formed stronger bonds with their paternal sisters when no close maternal kin were available, and they compensated for the absence of any close kin by forming strong bonds with nonrelatives. Taken together, these data suggest that social bonds play a vital role in females’ lives, and the ability to establish and maintain strong social bonds may have important fitness consequences for females.Joan B. Silk is on sabbatical at Cambridge University from September 2005 to August 2006. Tel.: +44-7929759697; Fax: +44-1223-335460.     

酸性降水研究

本文对降水酸度的变化规律，降水ｐＨ值与电导率的关系，以及ｐＨ值与降水量，降水时间的关系等方面进行了研究，建立了ｐＨ值与ＳＯ＾２－４，Ｃａ＾２＋，ＮＨ＾＋４的三元线性回归模式。