垃圾渗滤液中同步硝化反硝化的研究

对深圳市一坪垃圾填埋场渗滤液中同步硝化反硝化进行了深入研究，从理论方面综述了脱氮中同步硝化反硝化等技术的进展，分析了COD、DO、NH3-N对同步硝化反硝化所产生的影响，提出了在研究中发现的问题和需要努力加强的研究方向。     

Nitrous oxide emission from some English and Welsh rivers and estuaries

Nutrient and N₂O concentrations in the water columns were measured seasonally over a full salinity range in the nutrified rivers Colne, Stour, Orwell, Deben, Trent, Ouse and Humber and their estuaries on the east coast of England between August 2001 and May 2002, and in the oligotrophic rivers Conwy, Dovey and Mawddach in North and West Wales between August 2002 and May 2003. Nutrient and N₂O concentrations in the nutrified English rivers and estuaries were much higher than those in the Welsh rivers. N₂O concentrations and % saturation in the estuaries were significantly correlated with nitrate, nitrite and ammonium concentrations in the water. The strongest correlation was with nitrite (r² = 0.56, p < 0.01), suggesting that nitrite was the most significant factor among the different nutrients in regulating N₂O concentration in the estuaries. N₂O concentrations in the English rivers and estuaries were supersaturated throughout the year with annual averages from 186.9 to 992.9%, indicating that these rivers and estuaries were sources of atmospheric N₂O, whereas in the Welsh rivers N₂O concentrations were much lower with annual averages from 113.6 to 137.4% saturation. Although the estuarine area in the Colne was almost the same as that in the Conwy, the annual N₂O emission from the Colne was much higher (937498 mol N yr^–1) than in the Conwy (23020 mol N yr^–1). On the east coast, riverine emissions of N₂O were only 0.5–12.5% of the total emission from rivers and estuaries. Thus rivers were negligible, but estuaries were significant contributors to the UK N₂O inventory.     

同步硝化好氧反硝化生物脱氮机理分析及其研究进展

通过对比传统生物脱氮理论，提出同步硝化好氧反硝化技术优点，对好氧反硝化的机理进行了初步探讨，并从不同角度做了理论分析。同时阐述了同步硝化反硝化技术的控制因素及其研究进展。并对好氧反硝化的应用前景作了展望，提出了好氧反硝化今后的研究方向。     

反硝化细菌强化潜流湿地的污水处理厂尾水脱氮试验

为了揭示反硝化菌强化潜流湿地的污水处理厂尾水脱氮效果及机理,以砾石、红砖碎块、钢渣、陶粒、土壤为湿地填料,茭白、梭鱼草、黑麦草、红叶石楠为湿地植物,构建了两套湿地系统,其中一套投加菌剂,另一套作为对照组,使用双总体t检验方法分析了投加反硝化细菌B8(Pseudomonas putida)菌液于水平潜流湿地系统的操作与生物强化湿地脱氮程度之间的相互关系。结果表明,将反硝化菌(B8)菌液连续14 d投加于水平潜流湿地后,在强化潜流湿地运行的58 d内,其NH_4~+-N、NO_2~--N和TN平均去除率分别为65.3%、94.2%和71.5%;而未投菌的潜流湿地的NH_4~+-N、NO_2~--N和TN平均去除率分别为28.2%、74.7%和43.1%,加入菌剂使潜流湿地氮素去除能力大幅提高。双总体t检验方法分析表明,在停止投菌运行的41 d内,接种B8细菌的湿地系统的总氮去除率显著高于未投菌的湿地系统(p0.05);但在停止投菌运行的58 d内,投菌湿地和未投菌湿地脱氮效果的差异不显著(p0.05),因此确定B8强化水平潜流湿地系统的投菌周期为58 d。     

焦化废水生物脱氮工艺反硝化段菌相分析

对焦化废水反硝化段的试样进行了细菌数量及菌相分析研究，对反硝化细菌在反硝化段生态环境中的分布进行了探讨。试验共分离出２３株菌株，分别属于７个属，其中假单胞菌和芽孢杆菌为主要优势菌，分别占总鉴定菌数的３９．１％和２１．７％，反硝化细菌共有１１株，占总鉴定菌数４７．８％。     

AOR工艺的设计研究

AOR是传统活性污泥法与氧化沟结合的一种新型生化反应器。具有较高的脱氮除磷功能,同时独特的污泥恢复区的设计,使得回流污泥集中适当充氧,另外采用同心圆结构,使每个区形成循环流态,因此是一种高效、节能、适应性强的污水处理工艺。在对AOR反应器分析研究的基础上,提出满足生物脱氮除磷的动力学设计研究方法,并对其设计计算公式进行推导。     

SBR法对焦化废水生物脱氮研究

采用SBR工艺对焦化废水的有机物降解和生物脱氮进行了研究。试验结果表明。焦化废水的生物脱氮是以短程硝化／反硝化的途径存在的，而且在好氧阶段存在同时硝化／反硝化（sND）过程。好氧阶段的反硝化效率约占整个反应周期脱氮效率的37．0％。SBR反应器对NH3-N的去除效率在95．8％-99．2％．CODCr的去除效率在85．3％～92．6％。由于出水中NO2-N的积累。NO2—N对CODCr浓度贡献值得关注。     

固定化微生物技术及其在生物脱氮中的应用

介绍了几种实用固定化微生物技术，对其进行了技术比较。简述了固定化微生物技术在生物脱氮技术中的应用，并提出一种基于颗粒污泥原理的微生物固定技术应用于单级生物脱氮。     

除草剂对氮肥反硝化损失与N2O排放的影响

在华北平原潮土上,采用原状土柱培养乙炔抑制法研究玉米地氮肥反硝化损失和N2O排放量以及喷施3种除草剂(乙莠、丁莠和旱锄)的影响.结果表明,氮肥的反硝化损失量为2.66kgN/hm2,占施肥量的1.77%;氮肥产生的N2O排放量为3.14kgN/hm2,占施氮量的2.09%,反硝化不是该地区旱作系统氮肥损失的主要途径,但氮肥的施用大大增加N2O排放量.喷施除草剂显著或极显著降低氮肥的N2O排放量和反硝化损失量,比单施尿素处理分别降低2.01~2.85kgN/hm2和2.56~3.16kgN/hm2.     

反硝化苯降解的微环境研究

以稻田土,田边土和活性污泥为接种物,进行微环境试验,评价苯在厌氧反硝化条件下的可生物降解性。结果表明:苯和甲苯均发生了生物降解,甲苯的存在促进苯的降解,生物降解的同时发生硝酸盐还原,苯与硝酸根的消耗量之比为1∶2￣1∶3(质量比)。适宜的微生物种群是降解的关键条件。