Speciation characterization and coagulation of poly-silica-ferric-chloride: The role of hydrolyzed Fe(Ⅲ) and silica interaction

The highly efficient inorganic polymer flocculants (IPFs) of the ferric-silica system is a new and promising coagulant. Interactions between ferric species and silica play a large part in the coagulation of suspensions. These effects are quite distinct from those associated with polymeric or colloid silica. However, although these species are key to coagulation efficiency, they have not been comprehensively discussed. A new type of coagulant, poly-silica-ferric-chloride (PFSC), was synthesized by co-polymerization and characterized by time complexation spectroscopy and photon correlation spectroscopy. Compared with traditional ferric salt, the results indicated that PFSC had a higher molecular weight, lesser positive charge, lower Feb and higher Fec. The higher the Si/Fe ratio, the higher the silica and lower the silicac found. The PFSC with appropriate polysilica acid not only obtained better coaguiation/fiocculation efficiency in turbidity removal, enhanced the flocculation index (FI) and provided less residual ferric, it also lowered water treatment costs compared to traditional ferric salt. Results showed that PFSC could remove colloid particles in water by charge neutralization and sweeping,adsorption bridging mechanism.     

Fabrication of magnetic multi-template molecularly imprinted polymer composite for the selective and efficient removal of tetracyclines from water

• Magnetic multi-template molecularly imprinted polymer composite was synthesized. • MIP composite was used as the adsorbent for removal of tetracyclines from water. • MIP composite showed excellent adsorption selectivity toward tetracyclines. • MIP composite possessed good reusability. Antibiotic contamination of the water environment has attracted much attention from researchers because of their potential hazards to humans and ecosystems. In this study, a multi-template molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) modified mesoporous silica coated magnetic graphene oxide (MGO@MS@MIP) was prepared by the surface imprinting method via a sol-gel process and was used for the selective, efficient and simultaneous removal of tetracyclines (TCs), including doxycycline (DC), tetracycline (TC), chlorotetracycline (CTC) and oxytetracycline (OTC) from water. The synthesized MIP composite was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscope and thermogravimetric analysis. The adsorption properties of MGO@MS@MIP for these TCs were characterized through adsorption kinetics, isotherms and selectivity tests. The MIP composite revealed larger adsorption quantities, excellent selectivity and rapid kinetics for these four tetracyclines. The adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic and followed the Freundlich isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The MGO@MS@MIP could specifically recognize DC, TC, CTC and OTC in the presence of some chemical analogs. In addition, the sorption capacity of the MIP composite did not decrease significantly after repeated application for at least five cycles. Thus, the prepared magnetic MIP composite has great potential to contribute to the effective separation and removal of tetracyclines from water.     

Fe3O4硅烷化改性聚合物的制备及可见光光催化性能研究

利用水热法制备了Fe3O4纳米粒子(Fe3O4NPs),并对其进行改性制备了改性聚合物Fe3O4MMPs.同时,利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和紫外可见漫反射(DRS)等手段对所制备的材料进行表征.通过比表面积(BET)测定发现,Fe3O4MMPs的比表面积较Fe3O4NPs增大约9倍.在可见光照射下(λ420 nm),以H2O2为氧化剂,比较研究了以Fe3O4NPs和Fe3O4MMPs为光催化剂降解罗丹明B(Rhodamine,RhB)的催化特性,并探讨了Fe3O4改性对催化活性的影响.结果表明,改性聚合物Fe3O4MMPs的稳定性增加,对底物RhB的降解活性提高,120 min时对RhB的脱色率在98%以上;此外,Fe3O4MMPs对水杨酸(Salicylic Acid,SA)也具有很好的降解效果.利用电子自旋共振技术(ESR)测定氧化物种的结果表明,降解过程涉及羟基自由基(·OH)和超氧自由基(·O-2)氧化机理.     

可降解塑料及聚氨酯研究现状与发展趋势

在环境危机日益严重、环境保护的要求日益迫切的形势下,降解塑料已成为高分子材料领域的研究热点。聚氨酯材料在包装和医疗领域具有广泛的应用,其可降解化研究具有重要的科学和社会意义。总结和回顾了可降解聚氨酯材料领域的现状及发展历程,阐述了其性能特点及需要解决的技术问题与难点,展望了本领域未来的发展趋势。     

高效去除重金属的改性聚合物膜研究进展

概述了改性聚合物膜在重金属去除领域的应用及研究进展,介绍了表面改性、共混改性以及支撑层改性等改性方法。分析了改性聚合物膜表面或基体内部的官能团与功能材料对重金属去除效果的影响及主要作用机理。指出:支撑层改性可以有效提高膜基体孔内负载吸附剂的分散性进而提高重金属吸附量,但改性聚合物膜的稳定性有待进一步评估和提升。     

羟基聚合氯化铝的絮凝形态学

羟基聚合物的形态转化是无机高分子絮凝剂的核心问题，其形态学应包括研制，生产和应用三方面内容。铝的羟基聚合物形态主要有六员环连续模式和聚十三铝聚集模式两类论点。形态控制参数应以水解度和碱化度并用。     

微生物絮凝剂絮凝机理的研究方法

微生物絮凝剂是一种新型的絮凝剂,为了为微生物絮凝剂絮凝机理的研究提供全面、系统的研究技术,对微生物絮凝剂的絮凝机理,影响絮凝产生的因素进行了综述,并结合不断发展的现代生物技术与仪器分析技术,剖析了絮凝机理的各种研究方法,最后还提出了微生物絮凝剂絮凝机理的研究方向.     

混凝微界面过程研究与进展:AOM颗/粒物-IPF水-溶液相互作用的重要性

颗粒物微界面的物理化学过程在混凝工艺中起着十分重要的决定作用.有关界面过程化学的研究构成了混凝技术研究与发展的重要内容和理论基础.本文仅以颗粒物/AOM-IPF-水溶液的相互作用为例,从水体颗粒物的稳定性、高效纳米絮凝剂的研究、微界面形态与过程以及混凝作用机理等诸方面,对该领域的研究与进展加以系统介绍.     

天然高分子改性阳离子絮凝剂的合成及其性能与机理的研究

以天然高分子物Ｆ６９１粉为原料，合成了一种新型阳离子絮凝剂ＦＮＱＤ。研究表明：在ＮａＯＨ／Ｆ６９１质量比１、穹剂／Ｆ６９１质量比１．５，反应温度５０℃、反应时间３ｈ条件下，ＦＮＱＤ具有优导的絮凝性能。当ＰＨ＝７、投加量３ｍｇ／１时，ＦＮＱＣＤ对市内悬浊度去除率〉９５％，絮凝性能明显优于ＰＡＭ－Ｃ。机理表明ＦＮＱＤ与胶体颗粒间的镶嵌式引力和ＦＮＱＤ分子链的半刚性结构是ＦＮＱＤ具有优异的絮凝性能和良好     

热重质谱联用研究废旧汽车高聚物热解特性

采用热重-质谱（TG-MS）联用技术研究了N2气氛下废旧汽车塑料和橡胶高聚物混合物料热解气体的种类和产生机理.结果表明,废旧汽车高聚物热解过程在240～350℃和420～500℃有两个明显失重阶段,分别有20.9%和28.3%的挥发分析出.650～730℃范围失重峰是由无机填料热分解造成的,产生的挥发性气体产物为CO2...