The Assessment of Atmospheric Pollution using Satellite Remote Sensing Technology in Large Cities in the Vicinity of Airports

This paper investigates the potential of usingsatellite remotely sensed imagery for assessing atmosphericpollution. A novel approach, which comprised radiativetransfer calculations and pseudo-invariant targets fordetermining aerosol optical thickness has been developed.The key parameter for assessing atmospheric pollution inphotochemical air pollution studies is the aerosol opticalthickness. The need for identifying suitable pseudo-invariantobjects in satellite images of urban areas is of great interest for increasing the potential of earthobservation for monitoring air pollution in such areas. Theidentification of large water bodies and concrete apronsthat can serve as suitable dark and bright targetsrespectively in different geographical areas wasdemonstrated in this study. This study added evidence onthe correlation found between the visibility valuesmeasured at Heathrow Airport area during satellite overpassand aerosol optical thickness derived from Landsat-5 TMband 1 images.     

天然水体中有机锡的富集分离方法

对天然水体中有机锡的来源、生物效应及研究意义进行了大致介绍，主要对富集分离技术做了较为系统的综述。富集分离技术是降低检出限、提高灵敏度的前提和重要途径，因此是有机锡分析方法研究中的重点。     

污染水体的生物修复技术进展

随着全球范围内水体污染的加剧,近年来水体修复技术不断取得新的进展。根据国内外有关水体生物修复的文献,对水体生物修复的最新进展作了综述,并提出水体修复技术的研究与应用方向。     

太白山自然保护区水体CDOM吸收与三维荧光特征

研究有色溶解有机物（CDOM）组成、光谱特征与影响因素,对了解水体溶解性有机物（DOM）来源、水生态及碳循环过程具有重要意义.2019年夏季在太白山自然保护区山顶湖泊以及霸王河、黑河、石头河与湑水河等5个水体中共采集了71个水样,采用紫外-可见吸收光谱与三维荧光光谱,结合平行因子分析模型与冗余分析进行CDOM光学特性、组成及来源解析.结果表明,保护区湖泊中溶解性有机物含量较少,DOC与CDOM浓度均显著低于4条河流（P<0.05）;水体中CDOM包含2类4种荧光组分,其中类腐殖质组分C1与C2是水体中CDOM主要组成部分,4条河流中类腐殖质组分相对贡献率高达82%~96%,远大于湖泊;所有水体荧光指数FI均大于1.8,自生源指数BIX与新鲜度指数β：α,均为0.6左右;河流水体腐殖化指数HIX显著大于湖泊（P<0.01）;河流DOM主要由保护区林地土壤输入,较少受人类活动影响,而湖泊水体水质受人类活动影响相对较多.冗余分析表明EC对高山湖泊水体CDOM光谱特征参数影响较大（P<0.05）,EC、DTN和DOC对4条河流水体CDOM光谱特征参数影响较大（P<0.01）.     

景观水体的生物激活剂修复

采用由纯天然物质制成的生物激活剂Bio Oxidator^TM(BO)和Nutra Complex^TM(NC)对上海植物园兰室和牡丹园的湖水进行修复。结果表明，施用生物激活剂BO和NC对水体COD、BOD、TP、浊度等均有显著的去除效果。并可显著提升水体溶解氧。所用生物激活剂不含外来菌种，对动物和鱼类无毒性。与其他修复方法相比，该种水体修复技术具有易于操作、成本低、无二次污染等优点，在园林池塘、住宅小区的人工湖以及其它相对封闭或半封闭的水体修复方面，具有良好的推广应用前景。     

How Probability Survey Data Can Help Integrate 305(b) and 303(d)Monitoring and Assessment of State Waters

Section 305(b) of the United States’ Clean Water Act (CWA) requires states to assess the overall quality of waters in the states, while Section 303(d) requires states to develop a list of the specific waters in their state not attaining water quality standards (a.k.at impaired waters). An integrated, efficient and cost-effective process is needed to acquire and assess the data needed to meet both these mandates. A subset of presentations at the 2002 Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP) Symposium provided information on how probability data, tools and methods could be used by states and other entities to aid in development of their overall assessment of condition and list of impaired waters. Discussion identified some of the technical and institutional problems that hinder the use of EMAP methods and data in the analysis to identify impaired waters as well as development needs to overcome these problems.     

浮岛植物净化水质效果研究

研究了人工浮岛对模拟滞流景观水体的水质改善效果,并比较了五种浮岛植物对污染物的去除效率.结果显示,处理7d左右水体TN、NH3-N、TP和COD去除率迅速增加,透明度显著增大,延长处理时间有利于污染物的去除,但植物根系分泌物会增加水体的色度.经45 d处理,鸢尾对TN、NH3-N、TP和COD等污染物的整体去除效果最好...     

气候变化对近岸海域缺氧的影响机制研究进展

随着全球变暖的不断加剧,近岸海域缺氧对气候变化的响应已成为近年来国内外研究的热点问题。本文综述了气候变化对近岸海域缺氧的影响机制研究进展,气候变化将通过径流量及营养盐输入、风应力和水体温度的变化等方面影响缺氧的形成和发展。指出今后应结合多种技术手段,开展气候改变径流量和风对缺氧影响的研究,并就缺氧对生物代谢变化的响应,以及缺氧对气候变化的滞后效应及相关过程的识别等方面进行深入研究。     

Decision-making on process risk of Arctic route for LNG carrier via dynamic Bayesian network modeling

An increasing number of ships have chosen the suitable route to transport in Arctic waters during summer. Seeking a suitable model for risk decision-making in route planning is a necessary research topic at present. Due to its complex natural environment, there is significant uncertainty regarding ship navigation safety in Arctic waters. The process risk-based decision-making method to support route planning is established based on the dynamic Bayesian network (DBN) risk assessment model for LNG carrier collision with ice or obstacles in Arctic waters. The decision-making process for ship navigation is dynamically associated with time. Therefore, a Markov Chain (MC) is built for each dynamic node in Bayesian belief network (BBN) to realize DBN associated risk assessment, which is called process risk and is applied to decision-making. Three possible routes for ships sailing from the Vikitsky Strait to the Long Strait in Arctic waters were selected in conjunction with the objective daily change data of wind speed, temperature, wave height, and ice condition. Simulations for risk decision-making in the ship navigation process are performed. Application examples show that the ship selected either ROUTE2 (Vikitsky Strait – Laptev Sea – Sannikov Strait – Eastern Siberian Sea – Long Strait) or ROUTE3 (Vikitsky Strait – Laptev Sea – Proliv Dmitriya Lapteva – Eastern Siberian Sea – Long Strait) in August as the best navigable route.     

环境水体中亚硫酸盐分析方法研究

研究发现,溴酸钠能够与劳氏紫发生褪色反应,而亚硫酸盐对此反应有催化作用,从而建立起测定亚硫酸盐的新方法。在上述最优实验条件下,SO32-浓度C介于5×10-8～2.5×10-6g/mL和2.5×10-6～1×10-4g/mL范围内与吸光强度(mV)呈良好的线性关系。该方法的检出限为1.7×10-8gm/L。对浓度为5×10-7g/mL和1×10-5g/mL的SO32-进行11次连续测定,计算得出相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为2.1%和3.3%。应用文章建立的新方法对河水水样中的SO32-进行分析,回收率在96.4%～104.8%,结果令人满意。