Decolorization of reactive Brilliant Blue KN-R by immobilized cells of Aspergillus ficuum

Aspergillus ficuum was immobilized with sodium alginate, and decolorization of Reactive Brilliant Blue KN-R was studied on immobilized and free Aspergillus ficuum. The optimal preparation condition of the strain immobilization was obtained by the orthogonal test, it is sodium alginate 3%, CaCl2 5%, wet mycelia 30 g/L, calcific time 8 h. It was found that the immobilized cells could effectively decolorize Reactive Brilliant Blue KN-R, the optimum temperature and pH were 33℃ and 5.0, respectively. The kinetics study of decolorization of immobilized cells showed that the decolorization of Aspergillus ficuum immobilized conformed to zero-order reaction model. The decolorization efficiency of immobilized cell compared with that of free cell in different physical conditions. Results showed that the decolorization of immobilized cells with mycelia had the best efficiency. The immobilized cells could be reused after the first decolorization.     

Production of laccase by Coriolus versicolor and its application in decolorization of dyestuffs: (Ⅱ) Decolorization of dyes by laccase containing fermentation broth with or without self-immobilized mycelia

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Immobilized chitosan as a selective absorbent for the nickel removal in water sample

Method for preparation of chitosan immobilized on silica gel(CTS-silica) was described. The CTS-silica was used as absorbent for the absorption of nickel in water. The results showed that this absorbent had relatively high selectivity and strong affinity to nickel. The maximum absorption capacity for nickel can reach 667 mg/g of chitosan. Factors that affect the absorption capacity, such as pH, ion strength and the presence of calcium, EDTA and the mechanism of absorption were discussed in detail. The absorbent can be regenerated with acid and reused for several times. The recovery rate for nickel can reach 99.99%. This absorbent filled in a column can be used in nickel removal from wastewater and drinking water.     

Decolourization of reactive brilliant blue KN-R by immobilized cells of Aspergillus ficuum

Aspergillus ficuum was immobilized with sodium alginate,and decolourization of Brilliant Blue NK-R was studied on immobilized and free Aspergillus ficuum.The optimal preparation condition of the strain immobilization was obtained by the orthogonal test,it is sodium alginate 3%,CaCl2 5%,wet mycelia 30g/L,calcific time 8h.It was found that the immobilized cells could effectively decolourize Reactive Brilliant Blue KN-R,the optimum temperature and pH were 33℃ and 5.0,respectively.The kinetics study of decolourization of immobilized eclls showed that the decolourization of Aspergillus ficuum immobilized conformed to zero-order reaction model.The decolourization efficiency of immobilized cell compared with that of free cell in different physical conditions.Results showed that the decolourization of immobilized cells with mycelia had the best efficiency.The immobilized cells could be reused after the first decolourization.     

Photocatalytic degradation of PCP-Na with TiO2 photocatalysis loaded with platinum

Titanium dioxide(TiO2) samples of different crystal forms were prepared by hydrolysis tetrbutyl titanate in various water to alkoxide ratios and sintering the hydrolysis product at different temperatures.The photocatalysts coated on hollow glass beads and loaded with platinum varying from 0.2% to 2.4% by weight.The photocatalytic degradation rate of sodium pentachlorophenolate (PCP-Na) depends on the preparing conditions such as:sintering temperatures,water to alkoxide ratios(R),platinum content and the size.The proper conditions of preparation photocatalysts are as follows:the ratio of tiO2:sodium silicate:hollow glass beads:platinum is 10:5:20:0.15(w/w),R is 100,sintering temperature is 650℃,and the size of hollow glass is 0.5-1mm.Under these conditions,the ratio between acatase and rutile of the photocatalyst is 2:1,and the photocatalytic activity is high.     

阳宗海中光合细菌对活性艳红X-3B脱色的研究

从高原湖泊阳宗海中分离筛选出功能优秀的6株光合细菌，用海藻酸钠进行包埋。探讨了其自然细胞和固定化细胞在不同时间、不同温度、不同pH、不同菌体数量和不同染料浓度条件下对活性艳红X-3B的脱色效果。实验结果表明，2种细胞的最佳脱色时间为24h，最佳温度为25～45℃，最适pH为6～9，在最佳脱色条件下固定化细胞的脱色能力比自然细胞显著。     

固定化细胞厌氧－好氧工艺处理四环素结晶母液的实验研究

用ＰＶＡ固定化球和厌氧－好氧ＩＭＣ技术处理四环素结晶母液，结果表明：当总停留时间为厌氧２４ｈ（３５℃），好氧６ｈ时，ＣＯＤ和四环素的去除率分别为９６％。容积负荷（ＣＯＤ）２．０７ｋｇ／（ｍ３．ｄ）。较普通法容积负荷提高１６．３％，产气量提高４．５７倍。此方法具有系统运行稳定，容积负荷高，产泥量少等优点。     

固定化细胞技术在重金属废水处理中的应用研究进展

作为生物吸附技术的一种,固定化细胞技术用于重金属废水处理虽然时间不长,但已表现出良好的应用前景.通过分析固定化细胞技术的概念、固定化方法、可利用生物种类、吸附机理及其在生产实践中的应用情况,探讨了该技术目前存在的问题及研究方向.     

TiO2固定相体系光催化降解活性艳红X-3B的动力学研究

以活性艳红x-3B为例，研究了多相光催化氧化反应中有关反应速度的动力学规律，并着重研究了有机物初始浓度、光照强度、pH值对反应级数的影响；得出了固定相体系的反应动力学规律符合时下普遍接受的L—H方程的结论。     

Lipophilicity and Metabolic Route Prediction of Imidazolium Ionic Liquids * (6 pp)

- Aims and Background. Ionic liquid application in industry will offer several excellent solutions, but it also means that they will enter the environment sooner or later. Responsible product design should always take into consideration not only technological demands, but also the risks arising out of possible toxicity and ecotoxicity. In our strategy we are aiming to understand the fate of these entities through their life cycle in the environment as a complimentary element of their design. This paper presents results on the lipophilicity of selected imidazolium ionic liquids, a parameter that plays a key role in environmental and biological distribution. Additionally, the prediction of the most stable metabolite of a 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium (BMIM) cation – a congener representative of this group of compounds is presented. Materials and Methods Lipophilicity was evaluated by means of reversed phase and immobilized artificial membrane chromatography and further compared to calculated data. Theoretical prediction of lipophilicity was undertaken using fragmental methodology combined with manual calculations of the geometric bond factor for quaternary ammonium and the electronic bond factor due to the presence of a charge. Results and Discussion All the substances studied are characterized by very low partition coefficients, and lipophilicity varies linearly with elongation of the n-alkyl chain. Prediction of metabolic routes was based solely on thermodynamic data of the radical intermediates formed during the reaction with the cytochrome P450 system. The energetically most stable radical structure is generated by hydrogen abstraction from the gamma position of the BMIM cation. Conclusions and Recommendations. The experimentally measured and theoretically estimated lipophilicity coefficients obtained for all the compounds studied generally indicate a relatively low lipophilicity and thus preferable partition to the aqueous phase. By means of thermodynamic data, it was also confirmed that the energetically most stable radical structure is generated by hydrogen abstraction from the gamma position on the alkyl chain in the 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium cation, as a result of which the C1 atom is preferentially oxidized. - * The basis of this peer-reviewed paper is a presentation at the 9th FECS Conference on 'Chemistry and Environment', 29 August to 1 September 2004, Bordeaux, France.