麦饭石固定化SRB污泥颗粒处理模拟煤矿酸性废水的适应性

针对多组分煤矿酸性废水（ACMD）污染严重、治理费用高的特点,采用PVA—硼酸包埋交联法制作以硫酸盐还原菌（SRB）和盐改性麦饭石为主体的固定化颗粒,依据不同水力负荷和污染负荷构造3组动态柱,对固定化颗粒进行水力条件适应性实验研究。结果表明,固定化颗粒在低水力负荷0.085 m3·（m2·d）-1,水力停留时间32.495 h下运行效果较好,SO42-和Mn2+去除率分别为65.90%和37.65%,出水COD浓度635.06 mg·L-1,总铁元素TFe释放量4.03 mg·L-1,出水pH 6.94。提高污染物SO42-和Mn2+浓度到（2 657±96）mg·L-1和（13.33±1.75）mg·L-1,SO42-和Mn2+去除率仍可达40.07%和20.52%,出水COD浓度64.07 mg·L-1,总铁元素TFe释放量2.69 mg·L-1,出水pH为7.38,综合处理效果较好,颗粒对高浓度污染物适应性较强,具有一定抗冲击负荷能力。     

湿法腈纶废水的生化处理

采用水解酸化—固定化微生物流化床—氧化混凝联合工艺处理湿法腈纶废水.该工艺采用的高效菌微生物固定化技术及新型氧化混凝技术均对湿法腈纶废水有较好的处理效果.实验结果表明:在水解酸化温度为42℃、水解酸化运行周期为20 h的条件下,接种活性污泥和高效菌的SBR的COD去除率为26.0％;在新型氯铁型氧化混凝剂加入量为15 mL/L的条件下,混凝出水COD可降至66 mg/L.水解酸化—固定化微生物流化床—氧化混凝联合工艺的总COD去除率可达89.4％.     

Biodegradation of plasticizer di‐n‐butyl phthalate (DBP) by immobilized microbial cells

Microorganisms capable of degrading di‐n‐butyl phthalate (DBP) were isolated by acclimated and enrichment technique. The adaptation of microorganism to DBP was investigated. The microbial cells were immobilized on ceramic particles. The results showed that the biomass adsorbed on ceramic particles can reach 85 mg dry weight/g carrier. The immobilized microbial cells were used for the treatment of wastewater containing DBP. The results demonstrated that the DBP concentration of the outlet reached the stationary‐state level of less than 1.0 mg/1 within 2 days at inlet DBP concentration of 100mg/l and 12h of hydraulic retention time.     

响应曲面法优化苯酚降解菌Pseudomonas stutzri JFL2008固定化细胞活化培养基

以聚乙烯醇、海藻酸钠为复合载体,固定化Pseudomonas stutzri JFL2008,通过响应曲面法优化活化培养基,考察活化培养的固定化细胞降酚能力。结论：在连续完全降解1 000 mg/L苯酚过程中,活化培养比未经活化培养的固定化细胞多运行10个批次,表明响应曲面法适用于活化培养基的优化。     

Enzyme catalyzed biodiesel production from rubber seed oil containing high free fatty acid

Unrefined rubber seed oil contains high levels of free fatty acids and moisture, which make the conventional chemical catalyzed transesterification unsuitable. The method of enzyme catalyzed transesterification is well suited for biodiesel production from rubber seed oil as the enzymes are insensitive to the free fatty acids. In the present work, rubber seed oil was extracted from preserved rubber seed cake by mechanical means. The extraction process was designed and optimized through 2⁴ full factorial design. Extracted oil was subjected to enzymatic transesterification using four different lipases to identify the best one for the purpose. Transesterification process was optimized by considering three influencing variables for biodiesel production viz. methanol/oil molar ratio, catalyst concentration (% w/v) and solvent content (% v/v). A 2³ full factorial design was applied to design the experiments and optimize the biodiesel production. The interactive effects of the independent variables on biodiesel yield were analyzed and regression models were developed for each set of enzyme reactions. Among the four lipases, Thermomysis Lanugonosus Lipase was found to be the most suitable for the transesterification of rubber seed oil with a biodiesel conversion of 92.83% at a molar ratio of 4% and 5% (w/v) enzyme concentration in solvent free reaction medium.     

TiO2固定相体系光催化降解活性艳红X-3B的动力学研究

以活性艳红X-3B为例,研究了多相光催化氧化反应中有关反应速度的动力学规律,并着重研究了有机物初始浓度、光照强度、pH值对反应级数的影响;得出了固定相体系的反应动力学规律符合时下普遍接受的L-H方程的结论。     

固定化生物活性炭处理含硝基苯微污染水的可行性研究

以硝基苯为主要目标污染物,探讨固定化生物活性炭（IBAC）工艺对含硝基苯微污染水的净化效能以及利用该工艺处理含硝基苯微污染水的可行性.采用筛选、驯化的工程菌,对活性炭（GAC）进行固定化,使之成为固定化生物活性炭处理含硝基苯微污染水.试验对比了IBAC和GAC去除硝基苯、高锰酸盐指数、浊度、UV₂₅₄、氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮的性能,测定了炭柱进出水中生物综合毒性,考察了炭柱在接种后以及运行相对稳定时炭上细菌总数的变化.结果表明,IBAC启动速度快,对微污染物净化效能较高;IBAC对硝基苯的去除效果更好,在遭遇冲击负荷时,恢复净化能力的时间较短;炭柱进水中硝基苯控制26 μg/L以下时可保证出水检不出硝基苯;加入硝基苯会明显增加水的毒性,IBAC出水毒性低于GAC出水;IBAC上细菌总量较高,沿水流方向,炭柱上的菌量都是先增加后减少.     

生物膜处理高含油废水及膜表面微生物群落特性研究

利用单一铜绿假单胞菌NY3生物膜在敞开体系中（非无菌条件下）处理石油废水,结果发现,生物膜可高效率去除高浓度含油废水中的油类物质.在2g/L含油水样中,连续运行25d,石油烃去除率可持续保持约91.1%.停止进水后,曝气可使生物膜活性恢复.自然环境中,配伍于NY3菌生物膜中的微生物主要有芽孢杆菌、假单胞菌和红球菌属,其中在实验室能够培养出来的微生物经16SrRNA鉴定分别属于红球菌属和芽孢杆菌属,经检测,2株菌均有高的石油烃降解效率.     

TiO2固定相体系光催化降解活性艳红X-3B的动力学研究

以活性艳红x-3B为例，研究了多相光催化氧化反应中有关反应速度的动力学规律，并着重研究了有机物初始浓度、光照强度、pH值对反应级数的影响；得出了固定相体系的反应动力学规律符合时下普遍接受的L—H方程的结论。     

固定化微生物柱处理染料废水试验中细菌的存活

以凹凸棒粘土颗粒为载体,混合固定化７株高效脱色菌,组装成固定化生物反应性,进行各种染料废水的脱色试验,在试验各阶段,从柱体取出凹凸棒颗粒进行细菌存活检查,经过半年多的运行,最后能检测到初始固定化７种菌中的６种力,说明本试验采用固定化混龠力种及强制固定化优良菌株的方式是可行的,电镜检查表明,凹凸棒颗粒表面粗糙,具有孔洞,缝隙,是微生物生长的发良好载休固定在凹凸棒表面生长繁殖,也可在颗粒缝隙２００μｍ