我国秦至清末的疫病灾害研究

本文根据《中国历代天灾人祸表》中疫病的文字记载，统计出各个历史时期疫病发生时间（季节）、频数及其与旱、涝（水）、地震、战争等灾难事件的关系，进而推测历史时期疫病所包含的急性传染病。统计发生周期，证实疫病周期与太阳、太阳系活动规律有明显的相关性。     

城市地震灾害预测的基本内容和减灾决策过程

本文研究了下列四个问题：（１）对我国现有建筑进行了易损性分类，并定义了一个区分易损性类别的定量指标；（２）按目前现有建筑建立了各类易损性结构的震害矩阵和它们与未来若干年后的震害矩阵的关系；（３）分析并了种类易损性结构的地震损失率；（４）提出了一个人员死亡的估计方法和确定减灾方案的决策方法。     

PAST AND FUTURE OF ANALYSIS OF WATER RESOURCES TIME SERIES1

ABSTRACT: water resources supply and demand time series consist of several or all of the four basic characteristics: tendency, intermittency, periodicity and stochasticity. Their importance changes from one type of variables to another. Historic developments of analysis of time series in hydrology have varied significantly over the past, from the stress on search for periodicities and persistence in annual series to the emphasis on the series stochastic properties. Supply and demand series are often highly interrelated, which fact is most often neglected in planning water resources systems in general, and water storage capacities in particular. The future of series analysis in water resources will likely be by a joint use of physically-based structural analysis and the use of advanced methods of treating data by stochastic processes, statistical estimation and inference techniques. The most intriguing challenge of the future of this analysis may be the treatment of nonnormal, nonlinear and in general nonstationary hydrologic and water use time series. The proper treatment of complex multivariate processes will also challenge the specialists, especially for the purposes of transfer of information between data on variables at given points, or between data at several points of a given variable, or both.     

AN EXAMINATION OF RELATIVE PERMEABILITY RELATIONS FOR TWO-PHASE FLOW IN POROUS MEDIA1

ABSTRACT: A key parameter in modeling two-phase flow phenomena is relative permeability. It is important to understand which variables influence relative permeability, especially since so few measurements of relative permeability have been made for typical contaminants at hazardous waste sites. This paper focuses on the effect of five variables on relative permeability: intrinsic permeability, pore-size distribution, viscosity ratio, interfacial tension, and wettability, by critically reviewing previously published relative permeability experiments. The wide variability in the functional relationship between relative permeability and saturation should be considered in attempts to model two-phase flow.     

A Comparison of Aerial and Ground Level Measurements of 137Cs in the Marshall Islands

The purpose of this paper is to present and compare two independent sets of environmental gamma spectrometry measurements of¹³⁷ Cs collected nearly 14 years apart. One set of data was collected in 1978 by a contractor of the U.S. Department of Energy during an aerial radiological survey of the northern atolls of the Marshall Islands. That program used helicopter mounted sodium-iodide scintillation detectors; measurements were made from an altitude of 38 m. The second measurement program was conducted from early 1990 through late 1994 by the Republic of the Marshall Islands Government in a survey of the entire nation. This latter program used ground level in situ gamma spectrometry with high-purity germanium detectors. In this comparison, we highlight differences between the findings of the two studies and probable reasons for those differences, though we also discuss the effectiveness of the two techniques for monitoring the ionizing radiation environment. In the comparison of exposure rates from ¹³⁷Cs, fair agreement was noted after accounting for radioactive decay during the intervening years. Though the distributions were statistically different over their entire range, they were nearly identical above 1 R h^-1. There was considerable difference in the estimates of¹³⁷ Cs inventory; the difference was greater at low activity levels with the NaI measurements consistently larger than the in situ measurements. Reasons for this difference is attributed to three factors which differed between the two studies: (1) the assumed penetration of the cesium into the soil column, (2) the assumption of soil density, and (3) differences in the ability of the two different detector systems to reject interfering spectral contributions. Precise measurement of the lowest levels has implications for determining those atolls that exceeded the deposition of ¹³⁷Cs from global fallout. This issue is discussed in addition to a comparison of the findings from the two measurement programs.     

多拉纳萨依金矿床地球化学晕的数据处理及其找矿意义

多拉纳萨依原生金矿床,属于非石英脉型。该矿床金的成矿元素组合主要为Au-Bi-W-Ag,其原生与次生晕指示元素组合分别为Au-Ag-Bi-Sb-Mo-W-As和Au-Ag-Bi-Sb-Mo-W-As-Hg,两者具相似性。Au,As,Sb,Cu,Pb的分布型式在原生晕和次生晕中基本相同。次生晕应由原生晕或原生矿化体等元素引起,因此可直接根据次生异常场找寻与确定原生矿化体。     

2-硝基芴在大鼠肝匀浆S-9组分作用下的还原代谢

初步研究了在氮气保护无氧条件下,经Aroclor1254诱导的大鼠肝微粒体酶对2-硝基芴的还原代谢过程.对代谢体系及条件进行了选择用HPLC对代谢产物进行分离研究,经保留时间及紫外光谱核对显示2-硝基芴的主要还原代谢产物为2-氨基芴,除此之外还有三个量少的其代谢产物形成,因含量低而尚未进行结构鉴定.     

鄱阳湖湿地管理对策研究

本文分析和研究了鄱阳湖湿地损失的原因和管理现状，提出了鄱阳湖湿地可持续发展的管理策略。     

蔗糖厂废水处理技术进展

蔗糖厂废水除废醪液外，还有洗滤布水和冲灰水，混合后先作物化预处理，再进入生化系统，最后依次经物化处理及生物滤池后可达标排放。这一工艺可一水多用，提高循环用水率，还可用于膜除尘，回收物又是较好复混肥。     

历史上的一次溃决洪水--1482年沁河流域大洪水

据沁河流域九女台洪水题刻水位及相关历史文献记载,沁河流域1482年洪水洪峰流量极大,历时甚长,与该流域一般洪水过程的差异迥然.通过地貌调查,并利用14C测年等方法,对沁河九女台河段进行了详细研究,发现其1482年高洪水位是梯沟口泥石流-崩塌堆积物堰塞沁河主河道的结果.当年由于降雨,使梯沟流域发生泥石流,并导致沟口右岸岩壁崩塌,形成堰塞坝,造成沁河河道阻塞,过水断面减小,九女台附近河段水位壅高,并保持了近40天的时间,堰塞坝最终溃决,导致沁河下游怀庆府发生严重的洪水灾害.