Trends of PCDD/F and PCB concentrations and depositions in ambient air in Northwestern Germany

Time series of polychlorinated dioxins and furans (PCDD/F) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) in ambient air of a large conurbation in North-Western Germany are presented and analyzed. The trend of PCDD/F concentrations, starting from as early as 1988, shows a pronounced decrease by at least one order of magnitude, demonstrating that the emission reductions were effective. The PCDD/F depositions also have decreased by a factor of 5 since 1992. However, both trends have leveled out since 2005. Time series of PCB concentrations and depositions starting in 1994 show only slight decreases for the concentrations and almost no decrease for the depositions. From the decay rates following first order kinetics, half-lives in the order of 5-15 years for the PCDD/F and 15-31 years for the sum of the six indicator PCB could be calculated, which are much longer than the half-lives estimated from their reactivity towards the OH radical. Apparently, small fresh emissions (PCDD/F), considerable secondary emissions and evaporation from contaminated soils slow down their decay in the atmosphere of big conurbations. Analyzing the decay rates of individual PCB congeners shows that the lower chlorinated and more volatile ones are removed faster than the higher chlorinated congeners, probably via gas phase reactions with the OH radical. It can be concluded from the present study that the input of PCDD/F and PCB into the food chain via the air path will continue for another one or two decades in big conurbations.     

低浓度SO2和NOx自动监测系统性能评价方法

通过对7种废气自动监测系统的比较研究和现场测试,提出了非分散红外法、紫外差分法、紫外荧光法、化学发光法等多种SO2和NO x自动监测技术在低浓度范围实现准确定量监测的性能评价方法,定义了CEMS的系统检出限及其主要影响因素。建议采用系统检出限、线性误差等关键参数作为低浓度CEMS的性能评价方法,提出将全系统多点标准气体校准或加标回收率作为验收和质控监督的基本方法。     

高寒地区热水锅炉锅内加药水处理

通过热水锅炉内加药水处理的工作实践帮对易产生结垢的原因分析,提出了高寒地区热水锅炉锅内加药水处理的可行性和具体实施方案。     

重视职工安全心理与需要

通过对职工安全心理过程 ,职工个性差异 ,管理人员安全心理以及职工安全需要的分析 ,阐述了其与企业安全生产的关系 ,并提出了满足职工安全需要 ,促进企业安全生产的途径     

滇池湿地环境影响评价指标体系研究

根据压力-状态-响应（Pressure-State-Response,PSR）框架模型,针对滇池目前生态环境问题,以滇池为对象、生态环境影响源为压力,构建滇池湿地环境影响评价指标体系;采用ANP结构模型,进行滇池湿地环境影响评价指标权重分析,并利用模糊综合分析对结果进行评估,在此基础上,确定滇池湿地环境影响评价指标的指标权重。     

试析清代北京地区政府救灾组织系统的主要特点

清代建都北京,在这里实行特殊的行政管理制度,与之相适应,救灾组织系统也与各地不同。清代北京地区政府救灾组织系统的主要特点有三：一是旗、汉分城办理。清初实行的旗、汉分城居住政策,导致北京城市居址环境的变迁。内城八旗救灾事务由八旗都统负责,外五城救灾事务由五城察院负责。这一特点既与清代逐渐演变形成的特殊官制有关,又与中央集...     

SWOT分析模型在四川制革行业中的应用研究

文章在分析四川省制革行业发展现状的基础上,采用定性与定量结合的SWOT分析方法,分析了制革行业在四川省制革行业发展所面临的机会和威胁、所处的优势和劣势。结果表明,极坐标（ρ,θ）=（0．536,71．89°）处于坐标轴的第一象限,四川省制革行业应采取相对开拓的优势机会型战略,并据此提出相应具体战略措施。     

经济集聚对中国三大城市群土地利用生态效率的影响

基于非期望产出的超效率EBM模型,测算2005—2016年京津冀、长三角和珠三角等中国三大城市群土地利用生态效率,采用核密度函数对其演变特征进行分析,并运用面板门槛回归模型和面板向量自回归模型,从产业和人口两个角度分析经济集聚对城市群土地利用生态效率的非线性影响和直接冲击。结果表明：（1）2005—2016年间中国三大城市群土地利用生态效率总体呈现先收敛后分化的演化特征,不同城市群之间的土地利用生态效率时空演变具有显著差异;（2）第三产业集聚水平和人口集聚水平对城市群土地利用生态效率表现出单门槛效应,表明适度产业集聚和人口集聚对城市群土地利用生态效率具有正向促进作用,反之则会导致促进作用下降甚至出现负向影响;（3）第三产业集聚水平和土地利用生态效率自身对土地利用生态效率的直接冲击都是从开始就达到顶峰而后收敛为0,而第二产业集聚水平和人口集聚水平则是先负向冲击后持续正向冲击。城市群在制定经济发展政策和土地利用政策时,既要充分发挥经济集聚的正面环境效应,也要重视不同经济集聚的适度性和动态性。     

Les Reciproqueteurs: post-regulatory corporatism

ABSTRACT

Reflexive governance can be understood as an emergent encapsulated trust-building corporatism where network participants are neither state functionaries nor market entrepreneurs but network reciproqueteurs. This paper argues that such reflexive network governance results in a post-regulatory corporatism (PRC)—a more adaptable, less formalized, and flexible mode of interest intermediation, policy-making, and policy-implementation than previous modes of corporatist intermediation. Functional differentiation processes engender ‘negotiated connected contracts' in rescaled space in between inter-regional assemblages, a mode of structurally coupling new social partners in the emergent transnational knowledge-based economy. This involves the building of new social capital of network trust-building manifested in the norms of reciprocity and reflexive law constituted as a new mode of protocolism: one associated with the social learning and policy designing necessary for ecological systems' autopoeisis, resilience, and sustainability. This paper conceptualizes reflexive network governance as protocolism in constellations of PRC and discusses examples from the area of environmental policy-making. PRC is understood as a new mode of negotiated rule-making: as a recursive protocolism of multi-stakeholder social pacts constituted by frame agreements and negotiated connected network contracts.     

EXCEL数据处理软件在环境试验设备温度校准中的应用

人工模拟环境试验中气候环境试验的条件是否真实,主要取决于环境试验设备技术性能指标,主要包括温度偏差、温度均匀度、温度波动度.由于测试点较多,在数据处理及结果不确定度评定上工作量较大,因此使用EXCEL数据处理软件进行计算,一方面保证了数据准确可靠,另一方面提高了工作效率.