立足实际 抓住要害《大气污染防治法》作重要修订

介绍修改《大气污染防治法》的重要意义及修改内容。     

干旱区油田采油污水的处理及综合利用

我国西部干旱地区的塔里木盆地,有许多深居欧亚大陆腹地的大型油田,都地处水资源极其匮乏的地区,在油田的开发过程中的用水量和产水量都比较大,本文就采油过程中产生的采油污水的处理和综合利用问题作了探讨。     

Soil Fertility Quality and Agricultural Sustainable Development in the Black Soil Region of Northeast China

The black soil in northeast China is considered one of the most fertile soils in China. Consequently, the black soil region has become one of the most important regions for cereal grain production in China. Agriculture has developed rapidly since the early part of the nineteenth century. To date, approximately 70 percent of total land in the area is cultivated. Even though the agricultural production in this region is increasing continuously, some soil fertility quality problems have become serious. This is hampering agricultural development and sustainability in the region. A brief history of population growth and agricultural development in the region is presented. Major soil quality problems, particularly soil degradation and soil erosion, are analyzed. Based on studies, suggestions for improving soil quality and for promoting sustainable agricultural development in the region are presented. These suggestions include improving agricultural landscape patterns, developing conservation cultivation, promoting combinations of crop production with combinations of forestry and animal husbandry, and implementing integrated management for soil and water conservation.     

Ecophysiological Responses of Larix sibiricaLedeb. and Pinus sibiricaDu Tour Undergrowth to Climate Change

The effects of probable climate change—an increase in atmospheric CO₂(by two times), air temperature, precipitation—on CO₂exchange and temperature dependence of net photosynthesis in the larch and Siberian stone pine undergrowth formed in the light larch forests of West Siberia were studied in chambers with an artificial climate. The change of the aforementioned ecological factors caused an increase in the temperature optima of photosynthesis and the range of optimum temperatures (in the case of Siberian stone pine, to a slightly greater degree). Therefore, the ranges of both species may broaden, and the Siberian stone pine can expand to the north, displacing larch tree stands.     

重视职工安全心理与需要

通过对职工安全心理过程 ,职工个性差异 ,管理人员安全心理以及职工安全需要的分析 ,阐述了其与企业安全生产的关系 ,并提出了满足职工安全需要 ,促进企业安全生产的途径     

高寒地区热水锅炉锅内加药水处理

通过热水锅炉内加药水处理的工作实践帮对易产生结垢的原因分析,提出了高寒地区热水锅炉锅内加药水处理的可行性和具体实施方案。     

Oxidation of SO2 in Clouds at Whiteface Mountain

In-cloud oxidation of SO₂ byH₂O₂ was investigated using a tracertechnique based on SO^2– ₄/Se ratios atWhiteface Mountain, New York during summer months from1990 to 1998. Cloud water samples collected at themountain's summit (1.5 km above mean sea level) andaerosols at a below cloud site (Lodge) located at 0.6km amsl and in cloud interstitial air at the summitwere analyzed for SO^2– ₄ and selectedtrace elements. Gaseous SO₂ andH₂O₂were measured in realtime. Cloud water pH wasgenerally below 5.0 with a mean value of 3.6. Theresults show that significant in cloud oxidation occursin clouds during summer months varying from belowdetection to 62% with on average approximately 24% ofthe cloud water SO^2– ₄ produced from in-situ SO₂ oxidation. During summer the clouds wereoxidant limited for approximately one third of thetime.     

Mining with communities

To be considered as sustainable, a mining community needs to adhere to the principles of ecological sustainability, economic vitality and social equity. These principles apply over a long time span, covering both the life of the mine and post-mining closure. The legacy left by a mine to the community after its closure is emerging as a significant aspect of its planning. Progress towards sustainability is made when value is added to a community with respect to these principles by the mining operation during its life cycle. This article presents a series of cases to demonstrate the diverse potential challenges to achieving a sustainable mining community. These case studies of both new and old mining communities are drawn mainly from Canada and from locations abroad where Canadian companies are now building mines. The article concludes by considering various approaches that can foster sustainable mining communities and the role of community consultation and capacity building.     

流域地表生态信息的卫星遥感图像处理技术

以福建省九龙江流域为例,利用计算机技术和遥感-GIS工具软件,探讨利用多源卫星遥感影像获取流域地表环境信息的图像处理与分析技术,列举卫星遥感可获取的流域地表生态环境专题信息。重点分析利用遥感-GIS界定流域范围的方法、流域地表覆盖状况和植被覆盖密度的卫星遥感影像处理方法。      

内分泌扰乱化学物质生物筛选技术研究进展

内分泌扰乱化学物质是环境科学领域研究的热点之一,已报道的内分泌扰乱化学物质达100种左右,但环境中大量的具有内分泌扰乱作用的化学物质还没有被认定.因此开展内分泌扰乱化学物质的筛选是当前的首要任务.笔者综述了国外内分泌扰乱化学物质的活体和离体生物筛选技术最新进展,并展望了国内外内分泌扰乱化学物质生物筛选技术研究的发展趋势.