道路车辆电气及电子设备在振动试验中的应力循环和试验设计原则

本文试从振动试验的特点和受试样品承受振动激励的应力循环切入分析,为把握试验方案的拟订提供支持。同时也简要介绍了应力循环的计算方法,供试验人员参考使用。     

我国机动车污染防治行业2009年发展综述

综述了2009年我国机动车污染防治行业的发展环境及市场特点、主要(骨干)企业发展情况,分析了2009年行业发展中存在的主要问题,提出了解决对策和建议,并对行业的发展进行了展望。     

事故车辆影响下的城市三车道道路交通流仿真

为探究事故车辆对城市三车道道路交通影响机制,首先,分析考虑事故车辆的城市三车道道路交通流特征;然后,构建左车道优先且考虑主动抢道和被动抢道行为的元胞自动机交通流模型;最后;研究事故持续时间td变化时事故车辆分别位于M道和R道的城市道路交通流演化.结果 表明:事故车辆会形成交通瓶颈,呈现上游车辆聚集下游车辆稀疏的时空特征...     

Trip-Based Explanatory Variables For Estimating Vehicle Fuel Consumption and Emission Rates

The current state-of-practice in the US for estimatingvehicle emissions is based on a single traffic-relatedexplanatory variable, namely average speed. Research,however, has demonstrated that the use of average speed asa single traffic-related variable is insufficient for theestimation of vehicle emissions. For example, although theEnvironmental Protection Agency (EPA) MOBILE5 model wouldindicate that a slowing of traffic typically increasesemissions, empirical research indicates the opposite inmany cases.The objective of this paper is to identify criticalaggregate trip variables as potential explanatory variablesfor the estimation of a vehicle's fuel consumption andemissions. Subsequently, statistical models for estimatingfuel consumption and emissions of hydrocarbon (HC), carbonmonoxide (CO), and oxides of nitrogen (NO_x) aredeveloped using these critical variables that include theaverage speed, speed variability, the level ofdeceleration, and the level of acceleration. The proposedmodels are demonstrated to be consistent with microscopicenergy and emission model estimates that are based on thevehicle's instantaneous speed and acceleration levels(coefficient of determination ranges from 0.88 to 0.96).     

提高交通安全——实现智能汽车的研究

主要介绍了通过智能汽车的研究 ,提高城市交通安全的必要性 ;综述了发达国家关于智能汽车研究的现状与趋势 ,并通过国外智能汽车发展的趋势 ;进一步论证智能汽车的研究是汽车工业发展的方向 ,也是提高交通安全的重要手段之一。此外 ,论文提出利用模式识别技术的智能汽车的结构框架 ;指出神经网络方法应用与模式识别技术结合的优势。最后 ,论文在阐述我国需要发展智能汽车的同时 ,提出应结合中国国情相应研究相关理论 ,为今后的实施奠定基础的近期目标 ,并提出展望     

城市汽车空气污染控制基准研究

本文论述了城市汽车空气污染研究的目标、基本方法及城市汽车污染控制区的划分原则和方法.汽车类型流动源采用整个控制区平均浓度作为分析对比的基础不合适,应该专门研究确定基准控制点.为了合理选择确定控制计算点,提出3种方法:峰值法、核心区和重点控制区法、9点平均法.9点平均法可以有效增加各类污染源的敏感点,同时又可避免增加该点位影响过大的缺陷.这种方法在其他类型大气污染源控制中也能发挥作用.     

Integrated energy management strategy of powertrain and cooling system for PHEV

ABSTRACT

Energy management strategy (EMS) is crucial in improving the fuel economy of plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV). Existing studies on EMS mostly manage powertrain and cooling system separately which cannot get the minimum total energy consumption. This paper aims to propose a novel EMS for a new type of dual-motor planetary-coupled PHEV, which considers cooling power demand and effect of temperature on fuel economy. Temperature-modified engine model, lithium-ion battery model, two motors, and cooling system models are established. Firstly, the separated EMS (S-EMS) is designed which manages powertrain and cooling system separately. Sequentially, after the analysis of thermal characteristics of the powertrain and cooling system, the thermal-based EMS (T-EMS) is then proposed to manage two systems coordinately. In T-EMS, cooling power demand and the charging/discharging energy of motors are calculated as equivalent fuel consumption and integrated into the object function. Besides, a fuzzy controller is also established to deicide the fuel-electricity equivalent factor with consideration of the effect of temperature and state of charge on powertrain efficiency. Finally, the hardware-in-loop experiment is carried out to validate the real-time effect of EMS under the New European Driving Cycle. The result shows that cooling power demand and temperature can significantly affect the fuel economy of the vehicle. T-EMS shows better performance in fuel economy than S-EMS. The equivalent fuel consumption of the cooling system of T-EMS decreases by 27% compared with that of S-EMS. The total equivalent fuel consumption over the entire trip of PHEV using T-EMS is reduced by 9.7%.     

Status of recycling end-of-life vehicles and efforts to reduce automobile shredder residues in Korea

The present end-of-life vehicle (ELV) recycle rate and management status during the dismantling stage were investigated to aid the establishment of policies for the management of ELVs by surveying information and using the results gained from questionnaires given to dismantlers. The average recycle rate at the dismantling stage was 44% of the mass of a new vehicle and the rest of the ELV was then compressed and transported to shredding companies to recover mainly the iron content, which averaged 38.7% of the mass of a new vehicle. Nonferrous metals such as copper, antimony, zinc, and aluminum accounted for only 1.5%. The automobile shredder residues (ASRs) were composed of light and heavy fluffs and soil/dust and amounted to 15.8% based on the mass of a new vehicle. The dumping of fluff and inorganic residues in landfill sites, however, will be restricted when new regulations are implemented to reduce the disposal amount to less than 5% of a new car, as has been done in European countries and in Japan. The detailed characteristics of ASR were investigated to suggest appropriate means of treatment such as volume reduction or the utilization of thermal technologies to meet future expected enforcement. Also, some concerns on hazardous pollutant release such as that of dioxins while utilizing such thermal treatment methods were considered. The present on-going research and development projects to meet such future management targets are also introduced.     

交通事故再现技术研究现状与发展趋势

道路交通事故再现不仅是交通事故责任鉴定和原因分析的重要方法,也是交通事故防治的重要内容。在详细介绍国内外事故再现计算机仿真技术的基础上,分析目前事故再现系统开发中事故现场数据采集技术、碰撞前后速度估算的技术、碰撞过程进行模拟的虚拟现实技术的研究现状与存在的问题,提出进一步优化的方向,进而达到完善交通事故模拟再现的目的。最后指出我国交通事故再现技术进一步研究的内容和发展趋势。     

车辆事故紧急呼救技术发展综述

综述了车辆事故紧急呼救技术的原理,从车辆事故检测识别技术、移动车辆定位技术、无线通信技术和地理信息系统几方面概述车辆事故紧急呼救技术的研究内容。进一步介绍车辆事故紧急呼救技术的国内外研究和应用现状,并从车辆事故识别技术、地图匹配及组合导航、集群通信及通信网络几方面总结并指出车辆事故紧急呼救技术的关键技术和难点。展望了车辆事故紧急呼救技术的发展趋势,并就我国发展车辆事故呼救技术的可行性和发展方向进行探讨。