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301.
The sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides emissions from all sources in Alberta, Canada, during 1982 amounted to 488,297 and 353,511 tonnes, respectively. During this year deposition of wet sulphate from all stations in the province, 8 kg ha–1 yr–1, compares well with the five-year average (1978–1982) value of 10 kg ha–1 yr–1. These measurements are about one-half of the wet sulphate deposition criteria of 20 kg ha–1 yr–1 established for protecting the moderately sensitive aquatic ecosystem in eastern Canada. Due to dry, cold, continental climate conditions of Alberta, dry sulphate or sulphur deposition is equally or more important than wet deposition. No effects of the long-range transport of atmospheric pollutants (LRTAP) on the ecosystems in Alberta have been observed to date. Atmospheric deposition target loadings of SO4
–2, NO3
–, and H+ for Alberta and western Canadian environmental conditions should be developed to protect the highly sensitive ecosystems. Some future research and monitoring priorities for Alberta and western Canada are outlined. 相似文献
302.
本文研究铜绿微囊藻生长与铁氧化物吸附解吸磷的相互作用机制,旨在为富营养化池塘、水库调控和治理提供理论指导。采用化学方法合成铁氧化物并对其进行表征,研究铁氧化物对磷的吸附特性和铜绿微囊藻生长与铁氧化物吸附解吸磷的相互作用。结果表明铁氧化物的物相组成与自然界土壤和底泥中铁氧化物存在形态相似;铁氧化物对磷的吸附属于专性吸附,吸附等温曲线符合Langmuir方程。在含铁氧化物的BG11培养基中培养铜绿微囊藻,铁氧化物对磷的吸附导致培养液中总磷(TP)和水溶性磷(SWP)浓度降低,抑制铜绿微囊藻的生长。铜绿微囊藻在含吸附磷的铁氧化物而无磷的BG11培养基(4.02 < pH < 10.05)中能够正常生长,藻生长导致溶液pH升高是诱导铁氧化物解吸磷的主要因素,铜绿微囊藻光合作用释放的氧气可以抑制三价铁向二价铁的转化。针对铜绿微囊藻诱导铁氧化物释放磷并被其吸收的机制,要控制富营养化水体蓝藻爆发,除控制外源磷输入外,应该抑制底泥中铁磷释放,或通过藻细胞的收集和移除来降低底泥中铁氧化物的磷负荷。 相似文献
303.
304.
Removal of nitric oxide from simulated flue gas via denitrification in a hollow-fiber membrane bioreactor 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Xinyu Zhang Ruofei Jin Guangfei Liu Xiyang Dong Jiti Zhou Aijie Wang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2013,25(11):2239-2246
A hollow-fiber membrane bioreactor(HMBR) was studied for its ability to treat nitric oxide(NO) from simulated flue gas. The HMBR was operated for 9 months and showed a maximum elimination capacity of 702 mg NO/(m2·day) with a removal efciency of 86%(gas residence time of 30 sec, inlet NO concentration of 2680 mg/m3, pH 8). Varying operation parameters were tested to determine the stability and response of the HMBR. Both the inlet NO concentration and gas residence time influenced the removal of NO in the HMBR. NO elimination capacity increased with an increase in inlet NO concentration or a shortening of gas residence time. Higher removal efciency of NO was obtained at a longer gas residence time or a lower inlet NO concentration. Microbial communities of the HMBR were sensitive to the variation in pH value and alkalescence corresponding to an optimum pH value of 8. In addition, NO elimination capacity and removal efciency were inversely proportional to the inlet oxygen concentration. Sulfur dioxide had no great influence on elimination capacity and removal efciency of NO. Product analysis was performed to study N2O and N2 production and confirmed that the majority of the microorganisms were denitrifying bacteria in the HMBR. Compared to other bioreactors treating NO, this study showed that the denitrifying HMBR was a good option for the removal of NO. 相似文献
305.
306.
307.
308.
超声波/H2O2/CuO协同氧化降解苯酚 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
以CuO为催化剂,利用超声波(US)、H2O2及US/H2O2降解苯酚模拟废水,考察了多种因素的影响,并对其降解动力学进行了分析.结果表明,CuO催化作用明显;H2O2投加量的增加对降解反应先促进后抑制;溶液pH值先升高后降低,当溶液初始pH值为5.50时,苯酚的降解效果最好.在溶液初始pH值为5.50,CuO加入量为1mg/mL,H2O2投加量为40mmol/L时,US/H2O2/CuO降解苯酚的速率常数(k)为3.04(10-2min-1,明显大于US、US/H2O2、H2O2/CuO处理下的k值(5.25(10-4,2.31(10-3,2.31(10-2min-1),降解过程均符合表观一级反应动力学. 相似文献
309.
Estimates of soil N2O and NOemissions at regional and country scales arehighly uncertain, because the most widely usedmethodologies are based on few data, they do notinclude all sources and do not account forspatial and seasonal variability. To improveunderstanding of the spatial distribution of soilNO and N2O emissions we have developedsimple multi-linear regression models based onpublished field studies from temperate climates.The models were applied to create spatialinventories at the 5 km2 scale of soil NOand N2O emissions for Great Britain. The N2O regression model described soilN2O emissions as a function of soil N input,soil water content, soil temperature and land useand provided an annual N2O emission of 128 kt N2O-N yr-1. Emission rates largerthan 12 kg N2O-N ha-1 yr-1 werecalculated for the high rainfall grassland areasin the west of Great Britain.Soil NO emissions were calculated using tworegression models, which described NO emissionsas a function of soil N input with and without afunction for the water filled pore space. Thetotal annual emissions from both methods, 66 and7 kt NO-N yr-1, respectively, span the rangeof previous estimates for Great Britain. 相似文献
310.
采用共沉淀法制备了一种新型催化剂——铁铈钛复合氧化物催化剂,研究了Fe掺加量、体积空速以及H2O和SO2的加入对其选择性催化还原NO性能的影响;采用XRD和SEM等手段对催化剂的结构和形貌进行了表征。表征结果显示,Fe的掺加使催化剂表面的颗粒更均匀,提高了催化剂的分散度。实验结果表明:以Ce(NO3)3,Fe(NO3)3?9H2O,TiOSO4?2H2O为原料、按n(Ce)∶n(Fe)∶n(Ti)=0.2∶0.8∶1配比制得的Ce0.2Fe0.8TiOx为催化剂,在反应温度250 ℃、反应时间3 h、体积空速25 000 h-1的条件下,NO去除率为99.8%,N2选择性为100%;Fe的掺加显著提高了Ce0.2Fe0.8TiOx催化剂的抗H2O和SO2的能力。 相似文献