Analysis of styrene oxide-hemoglobin adducts at different binding sites

Ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓｏｆｓｔｙｒｅｎｅｏｘｉｄｅ－ｈｅｍｏｇｌｏｂｉｎａｄｄｕｃｔｓａｔｄｉｆｅｒｅｎｔｂｉｎｄｉｎｇｓｉｔｅｓＪｉｎＺｕｌｉａｎｇ，ＬｉｕＳｈｕｆｅｎＴｈｅＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＣｅｎｔｒｅｆｏｒＥｃｏＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌＳｃｉｅｎ...     

碳酸盐岩红土中氧化铁矿物表面化学特征及其吸附机理研究

应用ＸＰＳ技术，首次较系统地研究了碳酸盐岩红土中氧化铁矿物表面化学特征及其吸附机理，氧公铁矿物表面的ＸＰＳ分析表明，矿物表面和整体之间在化学成分，状态和结构等方面存在明显差异，矿物表面的这种非均匀性特征是其表面化学反应的重要动力学起因。     

酸溶-微波热解法从粉煤灰中制取聚合氧化铝的研究

从粉煤灰中提取聚合氧化铝（ＰＡＣ）是粉煤灰综合利用的途径之一。本研究提出了酸溶 微波热解从粉煤灰中制取ＰＡＣ的方法。通过工艺原理分析和试验，阐述了该工艺的可行性和合理性     

High fluxes but different patterns of nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emissions from soil in a cattle overwintering area

Cattle overwintering areas common in central Europe may represent significant point sources of the important greenhouse gases, nitrous oxide (N₂O) and carbon dioxide (CO₂). A 2-year field study was carried out in order to estimate the emissions of N₂O and CO₂ from soil in a cattle overwintering area located in the southwest of the Czech Republic. The measurements were performed at three sampling locations along a gradient of animal impact (severe, moderate, slight) to test the hypothesis that emissions of CO₂ and N₂O are positively related to the degree of impact. In addition to CO₂ and N₂O fluxes determined by using non-vented manual closed chambers, soil mineral nitrogen (NH₄⁺ and NO₃⁻), pH and temperature were determined to assess their regulatory role and impact on gas fluxes. The overwintering area was about 4 ha and it had been used for overwintering of about 90 cows since 1995. Deposition of animal excreta resulted in a significant accumulation of nitrogen in the soil during winter, but most of the N₂O was emitted during a few short periods in spring and/or in late autumn. Maximum N₂O fluxes of up to 2.5 mg N₂O-N m⁻² h⁻¹ were recorded at the most impacted location near the animal house, where the highest concentrations of soil mineral nitrogen also occurred. The emissions of CO₂ showed a completely different pattern to those of N₂O, being correlated with soil temperature; the highest emissions thus occurred in June–July, while very low fluxes were found in winter. Emission values ranged from about 0 to 700 mg C-CO₂ m⁻² h⁻¹. Furthermore, the effect of animal impact on CO₂ emissions was opposite to that on N₂O fluxes, as the highest CO₂ fluxes were mostly recorded at the least impacted location, where respiration of plants most likely increased overall CO₂ production. The results show that cattle overwintering areas are important sources of greenhouse gases, including N₂O and CO₂. Fluxes of these two gases are, however, differently distributed over the year, which also suggests that they are controlled by different environmental and soil factors.     

钢板酸洗液回收Fe2O3粉制取高档永磁铁氧体预烧料的研究

以钢板酸洗废酸液回收的Fe2O3粉为主要原料，制备了永磁铁氧体预烧料及器件。研究了工艺制度如预烧温度、保温时间、摩尔比对预烧料磁学性能的影响等。制取的永磁铁氧体材料的磁性能达到Br=420mT，Hcb=215KA／m，（BH）max=32．4KJ／m^3。     

NO在甲醛介导的氧化损伤中的协同作用

为了探讨NO在甲醛介导的氧化损伤中的协同作用,用不同剂量的气态甲醛对小鼠进行连续动态染毒处理72 h后,测定小鼠脑、心和肝组织一氧化氮合酶活力和总抗氧化能力.结果显示,吸入甲醛后,小鼠的脑、心和肝组织一氧化氮合酶活力升高,总抗氧化能力下降.当甲醛浓度为0.5 mg·m-3时,脑和肝的一氧化氮合酶活力与阴性对照组相比有显著性差异(p＜0.05),脑和肝的总抗氧化能力与阴性对照组相比,有极显著性差异(p＜0.01),而心的总抗氧化能力与阴性对照组相比有显著性差异(p＜0.05).当甲醛浓度上升为3.0 mg·m-2时,脑、心和肝组织的一氧化氮合酶活力和总抗氧化能力与阴性对照组相比均有极显著性差异(p＜0.01).结果表明,过量生成的NO是甲醛导致机体氧化损伤可能的机理.     

高温NO气体紫外吸收截面压力碰撞增宽效应的实验研究

采用高分辨率(0.05 nm)光栅单色仪研究了NO气体在烟气排放温度(100～120℃)下200～230 nm紫外吸收截面谱线受压力变化而产生的碰撞增宽效应.压力变化分为气样室总压和NO分压改变2种情况,分别通过充入纯N2伴随气体和配置不同浓度的NO标气来实现.测量结果表明,NO气体在此波段内存在的3条近似等间隔分布的吸收带,峰值位置并没有随压力的改变而移动.相比之下,由气样室总压增大所导致的NO吸收截面的Lorentz碰撞增宽效应并不明显;而由NO气体分压增大所导致的Holtzmark碰撞增宽效应则相对显著.当NO分压从67.3Pa增大到200 Pa时,吸收截面峰值逐渐减小,3条吸收带中峰值最大减幅约为17.7%;谱线半宽逐渐增大,最大增幅约为11.8%.针对高分压下NO吸收截面逐渐偏离Beer-Lambert线性吸收定律的特性,提出了基于整个吸收带吸收截面积分的浓度反演修正公式,减小了NO分压对其浓度反演结果的影响,从而提高烟气中NO气体含量在线测量的精度.     

制革厂的清洁生产技术

联合国工业发展组织选择南京制革厂推行低污染制革生产技术，采用在废液中投加氧化镁的方法将金属铬沉淀出来，得到的铬泥体积比通常用氢氧化钠方法要小得多，该方法可使废水中９０％以上的铬回收利用，年产９０万张猪革的工厂可获利２２～２７万元／年     

离子筛与醋酸纤维素混合超滤膜的制备及降氟性能

在超滤膜制备过程中，间铸膜液中引入了亲氟物质－水合氧化镧，经熟化制备的混合超滤膜具有分离大分子和降低水体中氟离子浓度两种功能，以含氟饮用水为研究对象，对其混合膜的降氟机理进行了探讨。     

循环流化床脱除氯化氢研究

在直径200mm、高2560mm自制循环流化床上进行了脱除氯化氢的研究。实验结果表明本实验采用的循环流化床尾气净化装置，在士湿两种状况下的净化效率都比周类型装置有较大提高。当喷水活化增湿以后，净化效率可达90％以上，并考察了停留时间、Ca/Cl 当量比、粒径和入口氯 化氢浓度等因素对氯化氢脱除效率的影响。证实延长停留时间、增大Ca/Cl当量比、减 小粒径和增加入口氯化浓度有利于提高氯化氢脱除效率。