大力推进清洁生产 构建循环经济工业园区

通过对生态工业园区的简介,并结合新疆建设工业园区工作的具体实践,分析新疆工业园区的发展状况和存在的问题,提出推进新疆工业园区循环经济发展措施与对策,为新疆经济管理部门、环境管理部门贯彻《中华人民共和国循环经济促进法》,制定相应的工业园区循环经济政策和法规提供技术支持。     

某石化化工行业聚集区室内外PM2.5中多环芳烃分布特征及来源

于非采暖季和采暖季分别采集某石化化工行业聚集城市中心城区室内外PM_(2.5)样品,采用高效液相色谱法分析PM_(2.5)上载带的16种PAHs,对其分布特征、来源以及室外PAHs污染对室内污染的贡献进行了初步探讨。结果表明,研究区域非采暖季和采暖季室外PM_(2.5)中ΣPAHs浓度日均值分别为36.3、294 ng/m~3,室内PM_(2.5)中ΣPAHs浓度分别为14.8、84.6 ng/m~3,均以4、5环PAHs为主;室内PAHs主要来自室外渗透污染,但同时明显存在室内排放源贡献;PAHs来源分析进一步证实研究区域PAHs主要来自煤炭、石油等不完全燃烧,采暖季煤炭燃烧源贡献更突出。     

气相色谱法测定工业废气中的异丙醇

用活性炭吸附管采集吸附工业废气中的异丙醇,经二硫化碳解析后由自动进样器送入气相色谱仪中分离并由FID检测器检测。2 mL二硫化碳解吸溶剂中异丙醇的绝对量为1.57~6.28 mg时,测定结果的相对标准偏差为2.4%~7.6%(n=5);当样品采集量为10 L时,方法检出限为0.3 mg/m³。所用活性炭采样管对异丙醇的吸附效果良好,100 mg活性炭对异丙醇的穿透容量大于15 mg;二硫化碳溶剂对吸附在活性炭中的异丙醇解吸效果较好,异丙醇加标量为3.92~15.70 mg时,解吸效率为93.9%~100.5%。     

濮阳工业园区土壤重金属背景值及质量评价

为了研究濮阳工业园区土壤重金属背景值,采集了该园区及周边土壤46个样品,测定了土壤中重金属Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr、Cd和Ni的含量,并采用污染负荷指数法和潜在生态危害指数法对土壤质量进行了评价。结果表明:工业园区土壤中Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr、Cd、Ni的背景值分别为36.2、118、49.2、40.6、0.125、15.3 mg/kg;Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd的含量高于河南省土壤重金属背景值;Pb为极强污染,Cu、Zn、Cd为中等污染,重金属污染程度从重到轻的排序为PbZnCuCd,表明濮阳工业园区土壤重金属具有轻微的潜在生态危害。     

中国和西方国家产业生态学思想与实践的对比分析

产业生态学是最近兴起的一门很有前途的学问,它继承和发展了自然生态系统的理论,并运用它来指导面临危境的工业生产活动。它与我国目前提倡的生态农业有相似的地方,也有很大的不同。本文结合对中西方对产业生态学思想和实践的对比,分析了各自的优势,指出了不足     

热化学清洗法洗涤油泥-回收石油的工艺条件研究

以辽河油田落地油泥为样品,采用热化学清洗法洗涤油泥,净化土壤,回收石油,并获取工程所需的必要参数.通过筛选、复配,确定十二烷基苯磺酸钠(LAS):NazSiO3=1:2(质量比)为最佳清洗剂配比.考察了清洗温度、清洗液pH、液固比(即清洗剂与落地油泥的质量比)和清洗剂投加量等因素对清洗效率的影响,通过正交实验优化工艺参数,实验表明,当清洗时间为30min、清洗温度为75℃、搅拌器转速为200 r/min、液固比为8:1、清洗液pH为11、LAS Na2SiO3投加量为2.8 g/L时,含油率为21.2%(质量分数)的落地油泥样品经一级清洗,油泥残油率降为0.8%(质量分数,下同);经二级清洗,油泥残油率降为0.3%.清洗后,石油浮于水面,无明显乳化,易于分离.     

我国工业园区生态化轨迹及政策变迁

本文梳理了我国工业园区生态化过程中,包括生态工业示范园区、循环经济园、低碳园区、绿色园区建设的政策变迁,总结出工业园区生态化的轨迹和特点,并分析了工业园区生态化过程中的不足和未来面临的挑战。我国工业园区生态化特点包括：试点-示范-推广的一般模式、学习型的政策、逐步多样的政策工具、参与政府部门的逐步多样化与最终整合的趋势、产业共生与多种环境管理措施并行的状态。未来的工业园区生态化工作需要注重理清产业共生的内涵,确定相应的政策目标、政策工具和评价体系,同时需要注重园区的能力建设。     

Supercritical water oxidation for the destruction of toxic organic wastewaters： A review

The destruction of toxic organic wastewaters from munitions demilitarization and complex industrial chemical clearly becomes an overwhelming problem if left to conventional treatment processes. Two options, incineration and supercritical water oxidation （SCWO）, exist for the complete destruction of toxic organic wastewaters. Incinerator has associated problems such as very high cost and public resentment; on the other hand, SCWO has proved to be a very promising method for the treatment of many different wastewaters with extremely efficient organic waste destruction 99.99% with none of the emissions associated with incineration. In this review, the concepts of SCWO, result and present perspectives of application, and industrial status of SCWO are critically examined and discussed.     

太原煤化工区有毒气体泄漏环境风险分析

针对太原煤化工区氯气、氨气和光气这3种泄漏风险最高的有毒气体的事故条件,采用非定常的CALPUFF大气扩散模式进行了一整年的事故扩散模拟.获得逐时次事故扩散浓度场并分析3种污染物泄漏的全年平均风险及各季变化.结果定量描述了氯气、氨气和光气的致死浓度、中毒浓度和刺激浓度的全年及各季平均风险范围,并分析了不同有毒气体风险范围的差异及四季变化的原因.     

Laboratory-scale study of the suppression of PCDD/F emission during coal and MSW co-incineration

The experimental test of co-incinerating Chinese raw municipal solid waste （MSW） and coal in a laboratory-scale tubular reactor was first reported in present study, and the emission of normal gas components and the effects of the S/Cl molar ratio or coal mixing percentages on polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans （PCDDs/Fs） emission were investigated and discussed. The results indicated that OCDD was the only PCDD homologues since others like TCDD-HpCDD was hardly detected, while as the categories of PCDF homologues were comparatively much more general. The amount of PCDD was much larger than that of PCDF in all operating conditions. Since ZPCDF/∑PCDD〈〈1, the dominant role of the precursor formation was proven in our experimental conductions. With increasing the coal addition to MSW （from 0 to 16%）, PCDD and PCDF were reduced considerably. Coal and MSW may suppress the PCDD/F emissions efficiently （over 95%） during the MSW incineration process. The PCDD/F suppression results of the present study could be helpful guidance to the industrial application of Chinese MSW and auxiliary coal co-incineration processes. The PCDD/F stack emission data of two industrial incinerators using co-incineration technology in China seem to have a great positive reduction of PCDDs/Fs.