江西产业结构调整与人力资源开发关系实证研究

产盐结构的调整与人力资源开发有着密切的关系，但理论界就人力资源开发对产业发展及结构调整的作用研究得甚少。从江西的定量分析可以看出人力资源开发对江西产业发展及结构调整有促进作用。江西产业结构的进一步调整又对人力资源提出新需求。因此需提出相应的对策。     

高新技术企业集群化的利益机制探讨

高科技含量、小型化、创新型和高投入、高风险是高新技术企业的主要特征。集群化形成的产业区位性和关联性、外部经济性、知识的创造与共享及创新的便利性构成了高新技术企业成长的利益机制。同时，集群化可能存在过度竞争、拥挤效应、对集群资源的过度依赖和集群生命周期的局限等负面影响。高新技术企业应顺应集群化成长大趋势，并做到趋利避害，谋求长期可持续发展。     

GREENING FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRIES IN VIETNAM: OPPORTUNITIES AND CONSTRAINTS

The food processing sector in Vietnam plays a vital role in its economic development, but its rapid growth seems to go hand-in-hand with environmental deterioration. Several decades of applying the conventional end-of-pipe approach made clear that it only deals with treating the symptoms. It is necessary to combine technological (end-of-pipe) solutions to overcome urgent pollution problems with ways to prevent wastes from being generated or to reuse their valuable material. This article presents a methodology for analyzing the possibilities for waste prevention in food processing industry in Vietnam.     

The pathway to a sustainable industrial society – initiative of the Research Institute for Sustainability Science (RISS) at Osaka University

While it is widely known that sustainable development is the only sound and viable pathway for humankind’s future, its attainment remains elusive despite intensive efforts and some successes. The current industrial society approach based on product and process innovation in a variety of fields is not providing the expected results in addressing this important issue. In an attempt to carry out this unavoidable task, Osaka University’s Research Institute for Sustainability Science (RISS) introduces an integral and dynamic innovation system where technology plays a key role in fulfilling societal functions. This innovation system adopts a highly solution-driven approach that makes use of backcasting techniques based on long-term visions and mid-term strategic goals. Since technology management is the key to propelling effective innovation towards sustainability, we propose a technology transition management through the interaction of technology push, demand pull and institutional design, along with eight transition principles. RISS will develop this innovation system based on these three components and through the design of dynamic scenarios and their roadmaps.     

循环经济与江苏产业结构调整

为寻求一种能实现环境保护与经济发展相互促进的新途径,在分析循环经济的内涵及其与产业结构变动关系的基础上,对江苏产业结构进行了较深层次的分析,结果表明：江苏产业结构中资源消耗型和环境污染型行业仍占有较大比重。按照循环经济的原理,江苏产业结构调整的目标是：在“稳定一产,优化二产,壮大三产”的同时,各产业内部要优先发展资源节约型、环境友好型和废物利用型行业。工业主要是实现生态化转型,对不同行业分别给予鼓励、控制或限制;农业主要是投入品减量化、废弃物资源化和产业纵横链接化;服务业主要是围绕经济、社会和环境和谐发展的目标推进产业的环保化。     

武汉城市圈产业发展的空间优化

武汉城市圈是指以武汉市为中心,包括黄石、鄂州、黄冈、孝感、咸宁、仙桃、潜江和天门等周边8市共同组成的城市密集区。该区域具有悠久的产业发展传统,其历史轨迹可分为3个阶段：第一阶段（1840~1949）为产业发展起步时期,第二阶段（1949~1994）为产业结构强化时期,第三阶段（1994~）为产业体系调整时期;与此相适应,区域产业的部门结构和空间结构均呈现典型的集中特征,以2003年区域制造业的增加值为指标,武汉市的空间集中度为50.5％,前10类制造业的产业集中度为60.6％。据此,目前的武汉城市圈是一个松散的“经济联邦”,但存在区域整合的产业、空间和创新基础。以2001~2004年武汉城市圈9城市的统计资料为基础,以制造业分行业的年均增加值和增长率为指标,计算和分析其区域产业发展潜力,结果表明：以钢铁、汽车和电子及通讯设备制造业等为依托,构建区域集群网络,能够充分发挥武汉市的产业组织和创新扩散功能。武汉城市圈应进一步调整产业发展思路,坚持创新驱动路径,通过完善集群网络规划、强化区域空间关联和引导产业集聚发展等政策措施,有效推动具有区域竞争优势的特色产业发展。     

循环经济与生态园区建设

本文分析了循环经济与建设生态园区的内在机理与特征，指出了生态园区是实现循环经济的有效载体，并提出了我国发展循环经济，建设生态园区的措施与建议。     

Geographical Agglomeration of Chinese Manufacturing Industries

Based on the plant level data from the First National Census of Basic Units, the Second National Census of Basic Units, and the First National Economic Census of China, this paper ex- amines the geographical agglomeration of Chinese manufacturing industries at a more disaggregated level both by industrial classi-fication and spatial unit analysis. Applying the agglomeration index proposed by Maurel and Sedillot, studies show that the most agglomerated industries are resource-intensive, and capital and technology intensive while industries demanding localized inputs or serving localized markets or favored by local governments are fairly dispersed. The more disaggregated industries are more spa- tially agglomerated. At the finer spatial scale, industries are more dispersed. Results indicate that within-county spillovers are stronger than nearby-county spillovers, and within-prefecture spillovers are stronger than nearby prefecture spillovers. Local- ized spillovers are still quite substantial at a range beyond that of counties. Comparing the agglomeration index of Chinese manu- facturing industries in 1996, 2001 and 2004, agglomeration seems to be a general tendency. Results also indicate that some industries have experienced remarkable changes in their levels of agglom- eration in the period 1996–2004.     

海峡西岸经济区城市化进程中产业结构转变及其对资源消耗的影响

海峡西岸经济区的建设已进入国家战略决策层次,然而目前的研究成果多集中于宏观层次的定性描述与规划对策等方面,并没有对海峡西岸经济区内城市化发展特征,尤其是产业结构转变对资源消耗的影响开展定量研究。文中以海峡西岸经济区沿海8市为研究对象,分析各城市的城市化与经济发展特征,并在此基础上开展了产业结构转变与资源消耗对比研究,重点探讨了产业结构转变对当地城市化和资源消耗的影响,分析发现海峡西岸经济区城市间的城市化和经济发展水平不均衡,存在明显城际间差异性,各城市发展速度与产业调整、区域产业布局相关,明确了产业结构调整的多样化对资源环境的影响方式和程度也是多样化的,而产业结构多样变化又促使海峡西岸经济区各城市间经济交流与协作更加紧密。     

唐山市协调工业发展与环境保护的创新途径

唐山市作为一个传统的重工业城市 ,多年来一直以资源型工业为主体 ,工业发展和环境保护的矛盾十分突出。本文以此为例 ,探讨了依赖于资源优势的工业发展过程应如何协调其发展与环境保护的关系 ,认为产业结构的调整是一个长期的动态过程 ,应作为一个持久努力的目标。目前应尽快通过技术转型和制度转型减少目前工业活动对环境造成的影响 ,促使工业发展向生态工业转变。