NCIVI及其在城市绿化航空遥感调查中的应用——以宁波市为例

植被信息提取是城市绿化遥感调查的关键内容之一,在分析城市彩红外航空摄影特点的基础上,研究了彩红外航空遥感图像植被信息的表现特征,提出了针对城市绿化航空遥感调查新的植被指数———非线性彩红外植被指数(NCIVI),并应用于宁波市城市绿化调查。研究结果表明,NCIVI对城市绿化提取效果明显优于NDVI,正确提取率可以提高3.5%。     

三波长红外法测定水中石油类和动植物油

根据油的种类，性质及水中的分布情况，采用优级纯四氯化碳多次萃取，将油从水中提取出来，包含石油类和动物物油，动物物油属极性物质，可被硅酸吸附，石油类不被吸附，在红外三波长，波数分别为2930cm^-1,2960cm^-1,3030cm^-1处被吸收，准确测定这三个波数特征谱带的总和，从而准确测定水中石油类和动植物油。     

Spectroscopic tools for remote sensing of greenhouse gases CH<Subscript>4</Subscript>, CF<Subscript>4</Subscript> and SF<Subscript>6</Subscript>

Highly symmetrical molecules such as CH₄, CF₄ or SF₆ are known to be atmospheric pollutants and greenhouse gases. High-resolution spectroscopy in the infrared is particularly suitable for the monitoring of gas concentration and radiative transfers in the earth's atmosphere. This technique requires extensive theoretical studies for the modeling of the spectra of such molecules (positions, intensities and shapes of absorption lines). Here, we have developed powerful tools for the analysis and the simulation of absorption spectra of highly symmetrical molecules. These tools have been implemented in the spherical top data system (STDS) and highly-spherical top data system (HTDS) software available at http://www.u-bourgogne.fr/LPUB/shTDS.html. They include a compilation of modeled data obtained during the last 20 years. An overview of our latest results in this domain will be presented. Electronic Publication     

Dynamic behaviour of 1-aminopropan-2-one in sewage: a preliminary synthetic and spectroscopic study

A preliminary investigation of the solution phase behaviour of the biomarker compound 1-aminopropan-2-one (APR) using NMR spectroscopy was carried out. This was achieved, in part, by synthesis of APR with¹³C-enrichment in the methylene position. In this paper, we report that this biomarker undergoes H/D exchange with D₂O, probably via an enol intermediate. In addition, use of¹³C-enriched APR enabled its detection by¹³C NMR spectroscopy at environmentally relevant concentrations.     

原子吸收法测定人发中的铜锌铁钙

以家用微波炉，全聚四氟乙烯微波消化罐和ＨＮＯ３／Ｈ２Ｏ２消解体系溶样，选择最佳溶样条件，对发样和标准物质进行测定，并和传统湿法（ＨＮＯ３／ＨＣＬＯ４）消解体系溶样做了对比，通过测定和比较，表明微波溶样具有较好的精密度和准确度，证明这一方法是可行的。     

Changes in carbonyl index and average molecular weight on embrittlement of enhanced-photodegradable polyethylenes

Weathering behavior of two types of enhanced-photodegradable polyethylenes was studied using FTIR spectroscopy, tensile property changes, and gel-permeation chromatography to monitor structural changes accompanying photodegradation. Changes in elongation at break and carbonyl index during degradation showed a strong correlation with the average molecular weight of the polymers. At the point of embrittlement, the highest extent of degradation measured using tensile properties, the number-average molecular weights for both polymers were in the 10⁴ g/mol range. Facile biodegradation is not expected of polyethylenes of this degree of polymerization.     

水中总有机碳测定方法研究进展

本文对总有机碳（TOC）测定的原理、常用的氧化方法、检测技术、TOC与COD的相关性等作了较全面的评述，并指出了TOC目前在应用中存在的一些问题及其研究进展。     

穆斯堡尔谱在煤粉微波脱硫试验分析中的应用

采用穆斯堡尔谱学方法分析煤粉的微波脱硫效果。结果表明微波辐照后煤粉样对应的同质异能移IS和谱面积A都较未辐照的减小 ,并出现磁超精细场 ,说明微波辐照后煤粉中的黄铁矿开始向磁黄铁矿转化。通过计算 ,在给定的微波辐照条件下 ,黄铁矿转化为磁黄铁矿的转化率为 2 4 7%     

处理含油废水的好氧颗粒污泥形成过程及其特性研究

含油废水中因含有较高浓度的油脂类物质和聚合物而对环境造成危害,威胁人类健康,同时,为解决采用传统膜分离工艺运行成本较高的难题,开展了基于好氧颗粒污泥技术的含油废水处理研究.结果表明,以含油废水启动反应器,经35 d好氧颗粒污泥培养成熟,COD和溶解性油的去除率高达86.0%和94.2%;在絮状污泥颗粒化过程中,污泥胞外聚合物中蛋白质类物质含量提高3.7倍,蛋白质类物质与多糖类物质比值升高到2.72,证明胞外聚合物内蛋白质类物质浓度增加是活性污泥颗粒化的重要因素;好氧颗粒污泥荧光光谱结果显示好氧颗粒污泥中蛋白质类物质的稳定存在是好氧颗粒污泥形成的重要因素.选取好氧颗粒污泥技术处理含油废水的效果和成本均优于常规生物处理工艺和膜分离工艺,由于污泥及其胞外聚合物中多糖类和蛋白质类物质含量均较高,适用于回收污泥资源,对含油污泥的资源化利用意义重大.     

催化湿式过氧化氢氧化处理垃圾渗滤液及其DOM光谱分析

采用催化湿式过氧化氢氧化法对转运站垃圾渗滤液进行了处理,研究了影响催化湿式过氧化氢氧化效果的多个因素,并采用三维荧光和紫外-可见光谱对催化湿式过氧化氢氧化处理后水样中的溶解性有机物(DOM)成分变化进行了表征分析.结果显示,在最优实验条件下,COD去除率可达90%以上.光谱分析结果表明,渗滤液中的DOM组分降解效果明显,含有芳香环、双键和羰基共轭体系的有机物的去除效果也比较显著.