流动注射(FIA)分析仪测定水中的总氰化物

介绍了流动注射分析技术测定总氰化物的原理、实验方法和优点.     

以干吸着剂喷射法同时脱除SO2和NO的实验研究

炉膛吸着制度射（ＦＳＩ）与选择性非催化还原（ＳＮＣＲ）相结合同时脱除ＳＯ＿２和ＮＯ，在夹带流反应器中进行实验研究。在８００－１２００℃下喷射石灰石／尿素吸着剂或石灰石／铵盐吸着剂能同时脱除ＳＯ＿２和ＮＯ。石灰石／尿素吸着剂表现出最高的脱硫脱硝能力，当Ｃａ／Ｓ＝２和Ｎ／ＮＯ＝２时，其ＳＯ＿２和ＮＯ脱除率分别能达到９０％和８０％。主要的ＮＯ脱除是ＮＨ＿３与ＮＯ反应生成Ｎ＿２所致，少量的ＮＯ脱除率（１０％）是在ＣａＳＯ＿４的催化下，ＣａＯ与ＮＯ反应生成Ｃａ（ＮＯ＿２）＿２的结果。本文还考察了反应温度和时间对脱硫脱硝反应速度的影响。     

加膜流动注射光度法测定水中微量氨

采取在流动注射体系中加气体扩散膜装置的方法，让水样中的ＮＨ４在ＮａＯＨ载液中转变成ＮＨ３后扩散透过气体分离膜，再在Ｈ２ＳＯ４吸收液中又重新转变成ＮＨ＾＋４，以此在线分离出水样中微量ＮＨ＾＋４后用靛酚蓝光度法测定。结果表明，在５～８０μｇ／ｍＬ和２００～５００μｇ／ｍＬ这２个区间内分别与吸光度呈现良好的线性，其相关系数分别为０．９９４和０．９９８。对５００μｇ／ｍＬ样品１０次测定的ＲＳＤ为１．６％，     

水中NH_3-N的流动注射在线分析

将流动注射应用于水中氨氮的分析,并研究了各种实验条件对于结果的影响。经实验证明:这种方法基本不存在干扰,线性范围0.1～10mg/L(以峰高定量),5～50mg/L(以峰宽定量),最低检出限为0.05mg/L,对于饮用水和污染水的在线分析有很好的结果。     

发光菌的流动注射分析体系及其应用

本文以明亮发光杆菌作为污染物质毒性检测的指示生物，探讨了有机磷农药、酸、碱、分配等污染物对发光细菌的毒性作用；研究了ｐＨ值、温度对有机磷农药降解的影响；测定了该本系对水体中的部分重金属离子，无机离子、阴离子洗涤剂ＳＤＳ和大肠杆菌的检测灵敏度；并对采自于厦门市区的若干水样进行监测分析。     

流动注射分析测定饮用水中痕量挥发酚

采用流动注射分析法(FIA),利用先进技术计算机软件自动控制标准系列配制、取样、前处理、数据报告等。结果准确、精密、快速、灵敏、杂质干扰少,用于水中酚测定,结果满意。     

CONTROL OF NATURAL BRINE SPRINGS IN BRAZOS RIVER BASIN PART II: BRINE DISPOSAL1

ABSTRACT: Water quality in the Brazos River of Texas is seriously degraded by natural salt pollution. Two thousand tons/day of total dissolved solids emanate from brine springs and seeps in the Upper Brazos River drainage. Approximately 45 percent of the total salt load comes from a relatively small flow in the Dove Creek area. The companion paper demonstrates that a system of wells pumping brine at a constant rate of about 2 cfs from the near surface aquifer should eliminate the brine springs in this area. In this paper, injection into deep brine aquifers is shown to be a feasible brine disposal alternative. Four brine aquifers were determined from the literature to be possible injection zones. Accurate net aquifer thickness maps were generated in a 23 by 14 mile area centered on the Dove Creek area for three of the aquifers from an interpretation of 41 well logs. Constant injection for a project life of 100 years was simulated using the SWIFT/486 software. Modeling suggests that one well would be sufficient to inject the entire disposal volume into either the Strawn or Ellenburger Formation.     

流动注射法测定水中挥发酚的研究

水中挥发酚是评价水质污染的一个重要指标。对流动注射方法研究的模块进行设计,通过采用单因素法对实验的参数进行优化,考察了泵速、时间、样品环长度、反应管长度、试剂浓度等对测定结果的影响情况;根据质量控制实验,评价该方法的可靠性。最终得到在O-200μg／L的线性范围内,相关系数r〉O．9999,检出限为0．48μg／L,精密度〈2．47％,相对误差〈1．14％,加标回收率在89．5％～105％之间,均获得了较为满意的结果。与国标法相比,该方法具有更高的灵敏度、重现性和准确度。     

长度1~10 m金属滤芯脉冲喷吹性能的模拟*

为探究金属长滤芯的脉冲喷吹性能,运用ANSYS Fluent软件开展脉喷流场的数值模拟,考察滤芯长度和金属网目数对喷吹强度和均匀性的影响。研究结果表明:脉冲喷吹过程中金属滤芯内存在4类压力峰,分别为静压波峰、气团膨胀峰、蓄积反弹峰、余压波动峰;不同长度滤芯内的静压力分布不同,金属短滤芯（1 m）的底部喷吹气流蓄积最为剧烈,形成的压力最大,中等长度滤芯（2~4 m）底部压力蓄积减弱,低于上部区域,长滤芯（5~10 m）内喷吹气流沿途先膨胀后持续减弱,侧壁压力整体表现为上部＞中部＞底部;1~5 m金属滤芯的喷吹强度及均匀性随着滤芯长度增加而变差,6~10 m金属滤芯的喷吹强度及均匀性随着滤芯长度增加而得到改善,且都随金属网目数的增加而改进。研究结果对金属滤芯的设计与优化具有指导意义。     

Health hazards from exposure to cobalt with special reference to carcinogenic,mutagenic and teratogenic effects†

Occupational exposure to cobalt‐containing dust may cause a severe type of pneumoconiosis as well as obstructive lung disease. Peroral exposure to cobalt chloride may under certain circumstances precipitate cardiomyopathy.

There are only a limited number of experimental studies available which deal with the carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic effects of cobalt and its salts. Single or repeated injections of cobalt powder or cobalt chloride have been shown to induce malignant tumours at the site of injection in rats, but not in mice. In vitro studies have shown that cobalt chloride has mutagenic and teratogenic properties. There are no data available on cancer incidence among workers occupationally exposed to cobalt. Thus the possible role of cobalt in human carcinogenesis is still an open question.