岩口水库上游农村点源污染问题解析及解决策略

以岩口水库上游村庄为研究区域,分析了该区域农村存在的点源污染问题,并结合当地实际情况提出了可行的治理对策。实地调研发现：当地农村整体经济水平较好,水冲厕和淋浴设施配备齐全,自来水管网普及率达80%以上,但村民节、排水意识不强,长期以来形成的用水习惯导致“污水入塘,净水入网”的现象普遍存在;村内现状污水管网存在设施缺陷、雨水体系不健全和污水管道错接漏接等情况,导致晴天污水外渗,雨天雨水入网;强降雨天气条件下往往出现倒虹管排水不畅、检查井溢冒的现象,导致水库水质存在严重的安全隐患。考虑到上游村庄点源污染对水库水质的威胁,结合当地村民生活习惯和社会经济发展水平,从政策引导、管网运维和项目实施3个方面提出了解决农村点源污染问题的策略,以期为其他有类似农村点源污染问题的库区水质保护提供参考。     

民用运输机场安检系统风险影响因素研究*

为提高民用运输机场安检系统风险管理水平,提出机场安检系统风险辨识模型,基于流程分析的方法确定机场安检的关键岗位,对各关键岗位中的不安全事件运用假设故障类型分析得出各岗位的风险因素;从人-机-环-管对风险因素进行归纳总结,建立民用运输机场安检系统风险影响因素集。提出DEMATEL-ISM风险集成模型分析安检系统风险影响因素的相互关系及层次结构。结果表明:通过模型的影响度计算得出,社会局势对机场安检系统风险影响最大、安检员的服务态度最易受其他因素的影响;通过模型的多层递阶解释结构计算得出,社会局势、安检作业环境、安检员薪酬制度和晋升制度是机场安检系统风险的根源影响因素。集成模型有效分析机场安检系统风险影响因素及其重要性和层次结构,可为机场安检系统风险的有效管理提供依据。     

京华大厦深基坑降水方案的设计与施工

本文在全面分析了位于北京市朝阳区劲松东口京华大厦基坑的工程地质及水文地质资料后，结合多年的工程经验，对该基坑的降水方案提出了合理的设计与施工措施，并取得了非常理想的降水效果，保证了工程的顺利完成。     

基于企业职业伤害风险和违法处罚的分级监察模型研究

对企业实施分级监察的基础是企业监察级别的确定。分级监察是以“风险优先”为基本的原则风险管理思想。本文在对我国现有的安全生产法规政策和安监部门的部分执法文书以及企业违法处罚情况进行分析总结的基础上,建立了企业违法处罚情况的量化模型,并以企业职业伤害风险和企业违法处罚结果为影响因素,建立了二元分级监察模型。运用所建立的模型对辽宁省某市的159家调研企业的监察级别进行了划分,并对分级结果进行了简要分析。     

深厚砂砾石地层帷幕灌浆质量检测与评价技术

灌浆是基础处理常用且有效的方法。采用有效的检测方法查明基础灌浆缺陷的位置,以便及时进行技术处理,是工程建设的一个重要的课题。本文就目前工程界常用的砂砾石层帷幕灌浆的检测与评价方法进行了系统地分析、比较,总结得出适合于深厚砂砾石层防渗帷幕灌浆质量检测与评价的方法。     

进口旧压力容器的安全性能监督检验分析

针对从国外拆迁进口的成套化工装置中旧压力容器存在的问题,以顺酐装置旧压力容器安全性能监督检验的实例为核心,探讨了此类压力容器在重新安装之前进行安全性能监督检验的处理对策以及对检验出的缺陷处理方法,对进口旧压力容器的安全性能监督检验有一定的借鉴作用。     

Influence of visual clutter on the effect of navigated safety inspection: a case study on elevator installation

Introduction. Navigated safety inspection based on task-specific checklists can increase the hazard detection rate, theoretically with interference from scene complexity. Visual clutter, a proxy of scene complexity, can theoretically impair visual search performance, but its impact on the effect of safety inspection performance remains to be explored for the optimization of navigated inspection. This research aims to explore whether the relationship between working memory and hazard detection rate is moderated by visual clutter. Methods. Based on a perceptive model of hazard detection, we: (a) developed a mathematical influence model for construction hazard detection; (b) designed an experiment to observe the performance of hazard detection rate with adjusted working memory under different levels of visual clutter, while using an eye-tracking device to observe participants’ visual search processes; (c) utilized logistic regression to analyze the developed model under various visual clutter. Conclusion. The effect of a strengthened working memory on the detection rate through increased search efficiency is more apparent in high visual clutter. This study confirms the role of visual clutter in construction-navigated inspections, thus serving as a foundation for the optimization of inspection planning.     

Tentative guidelines for studying the behaviour of p,p'‐DDT under field and laboratory conditions

Abstract

The objectives of the IPP Project—Periodic Inspection on Crop Sprayers—are to develop methods for sprayer certification, analyze quality on spray operation, propose an inspection system for crop sprayers in Brazil, improve environmental quality on spray operation, and reduce costs on chemical control for plant protection systems. Periodic inspections on crop sprayers are performed in several countries and are compulsory in most of them, and it is becoming an important tool for improvement and optimization of use of chemicals. The IPP Project in Brazil is funded by FAPESP—Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo. The results so far showed that all the sprayers presented failures. However, most of them could be approved with minor services. As an example, 56.6% of the sprayers with more than 2 years of use presented leaks, 47% of them had damaged hoses and 80.5% presented bad tips (nozzles). These results indicate the need for better procedures of use and maintenance of sprayers, justifying the periodic inspection system.     

落实责任强化管理切实做好安全生产工作

叙述了吉林森工集团的现状和安全生产管理工作的特点，总结了吉林森工集团认真贯彻落实《安全生产法》及在安全生产管理工作中的一些做法，提高了依法管理安全生产工作的水平和能力，从而为进一步做好安全生产管理工作奠定了基础。