Qualifying irrigation system sustainability by means of stakeholder perceptions and concerns: lessons from the Segarra‐Garrigues Canal,Spain

When planning interventions, water and land resource managers increasingly need to take the opinions of stakeholders into account. In the present study, stakeholders’ concerns in a multifunctional water system are assessed, with a focus on the debate about the sustainability of irrigation projects in stressed and competing water contexts. The selected case study pertains to the Segarra‐Garrigues irrigation canal (Spain), the promotion of which has generated social debate and mobilization, as well as pronouncements from European authorities for ensuring its environmental sustainability. Data was collected through semi‐structured interviews and analysed by means of a new codification system for identifying the affinities and conflicts arising from existing water demands. Results show that sustainability concepts are more present in civil society than in public administration and private services or the rural community. However, social sustainability and environmental sustainability are a priority for most stakeholders, while the economic perspective of sustainable development has been conditioned by the first two. These results can be used by relevant authorities as a first step in customizing their interventions, as they provide a clear initial idea of what stakeholder priorities are in the framework of sustainable development.     

Plackett-Burman法筛选污水中氨氮去除的主要影响因素

结合生产实际运行数据,分析了深圳市某污水处理厂A2O生物处理单元、AB生物处理单元、微絮凝过滤单元和次氯酸钠消毒单元等对氨氮的去除效果,采用基于蒙特卡罗(Monte-Carlo)模拟的概率统计方法对该厂再生水中氨氮符合相应标准的概率(保障率)进行了定量计算。结果表明,氨氮存在较大的超标风险,对此采用Plackett-Burman设计对全流程处理工艺中影响氨氮去除效果的因素进行了研究,筛选出了主要控制因子:混合液回流比、过滤池聚合氯化铝(PAC)投加量和接触池中次氯酸钠投加量,为进一步优化工艺参数提供了重要理论依据和实践基础。     

Long-term environmental monitoring of persistent organic pollutants and metals in a chemical/petrochemical area: human health risks

Organic pollutants such as polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), as well as some metals are periodically monitored in soil and vegetation samples collected in Tarragona County (Spain). We here report the temporal trends of the concentrations of the above pollutants between the initial survey (2002) and that recently (2009) performed. The area under evaluation was divided into 4 sections (chemical, petrochemical, urban/residential and unpolluted). In general terms, urban soils presented the highest concentrations of PCDD/Fs, PCNs and PAHs, confirming that traffic is a very important emission source of these pollutants. In addition, substantially higher levels of PAHs and some metals were found in vegetation samples from the petrochemical complex. The assessment of health risks of these contaminants indicated that the current concentrations of micropollutants did not mean additional non-carcinogenic or cancer risks for the population living in the zone.     

重点流域水生态环境保护“十四五”规划编制思路与重点

本文主要对《重点流域水生态环境保护"十四五"规划编制技术大纲》进行解读,在梳理当前我国流域水生态环境保护现状、问题以及形势的基础上,分析了重点流域水生态环境保护"十四五"规划的定位,介绍了规划编制的总体思路以及目标制定、问题和症结分析、规划任务设计和项目筛选等重点环节,并对做好规划编制工作提出了相关建议。     

深入开展“土壤与环境”问题的研究

土壤与环境问题是现今国际土壤学界共同关心的重大问题。我国的土壤与环境问题日益突出,这将直接影响到我国在２１ 世纪的社会经济发展。根据我国的具体情况, 提出了在我国开展土壤与环境问题研究的重点课题。     

起重机的安全操作

通过起重机的操作原理,分析了防止事故的安全要点和维护保养、安全装置等,提出了操作人员的注意事项。     

校办产业效益的评价指标、原则及其优化模式

本文通过分析校办产业效果指标体系的构成,探讨了校办产业效益的均衡协调发展理论,提出了评价校办产业效益的５个有利原则,并在此基础上探索了提高校办产业综合效益的４种系统优化模式     

跨江大桥建设安全管理系统综合评价

针对目前我国重大工程建设的安全管理现状,以系统管理的思路借鉴国内外重大工程建设安全管理模式的先进之处,综合考虑影响重大工程建设过程中安全管理的各因素,建立6个一级指标,27个二级指标的评价体系。运用层次分析法(AHP)对其中指标进行权重计算,结果显示危险源辨识、危险源控制与管理是影响安全管理状况的主要因素;结合模糊综合评价法对泰州长江公路大桥的安全管理现状进行综合评价,结果显示为良好,与实际情况相符合,证明其可行性。该安全管理系统评价指标体系的建立与评价方法的运用,对重大工程建设的安全管理现状评价有借鉴意义,以期提高我国重大工程建设现场的安全管理水平。     

大气环境影响数值仿真技术及对策研究

从高技术武器装备对大气环境影响仿真需求出发．概述了大气环境影响数值仿真发展现状,初步分析了大气环境影响数值仿真关键技术及其存在的难点,并提出了环境影响仿真的对策．大气环境影响数值仿真作为研究武器装备环境适应性的一种有效的技术手段,在高技术武器装备的发展和作战使用中。具有良好的发展和应用前景．     

论入世后我国防止外国污染行业转移的法律对策

加入WTO后,受到“国民待遇”原则的限制,国内原本所依靠的以行政审批制度为主的防范外国污染行业转移的措施将不再适用。在不违反国民待遇原则的前提下,依托于国内现行法律体系,通过调整产业结构、严格控制环境污染行业;完善环境影响评价制度、提高环境标准;促成防止外国污染行业转移的国际条约的签订等法律措施得以解决。