Adapting to climate change in the coastal regions of Bangladesh: proposal for the formation of community-based adaptation committees

The paper outlines a concept and proposal for the formation of ‘community based adaptation committees’ (CBACs) at the micro-level, and it explains how such local committees would act with respect to the existing organisation of disaster management in Bangladesh. It examines how the CBACs would be sustained locally without colliding with the present system of government. The main objective of this is to identify how the CBACs could act independently as per local demands, without any conflict with the existing system, in order to ensure sustainable adaptation in future. To achieve these objectives the author conducted interviews with key informants at both local and national levels, and also conducted eight participatory rapid appraisal sessions at eight coastal communities. The author finds that severe corruption is impeding the existing system of relief and rehabilitation at community levels. The paper emphasises that the government of Bangladesh urgently needs to formulate a national adaptation policy, and that within that policy the concept of CBACs at community level should be prioritised. This would provide the government with guidelines for the use, at community level, of adaptation funds from developed countries in order to reduce future vulnerability in Bangladesh.     

连云港地区近地面臭氧浓度月均浓度变化特征

利用2014—2018年连云港地区的监测资料,分析了O3的月变化特征,得出O3与NO2、CO呈负相关关系,并给出了相对合理的解释。     

GROUNDWATER GEOCHEMISTRY IN THE SEMINOLE WELL FIELD,CEDAR RAPIDS,IOWA1

The City of Cedar Rapids obtains its municipal water supply from four well fields in an alluvial aquifer along the Cedar River in east-central Iowa. Since 1992, the City and the U.S. Geological Survey have cooperatively studied the groundwater-flow system and water chemistry near the well fields. The geochemistry in the alluvial aquifer near the Seminole Well Field was assessed to identify potentially reactive minerals and possible chemical reactions that produce observed changes in water chemistry. Calcite, dolomite, ferrihydrite, quartz, rhodochrosite, and siderite were identified as potentially reactive minerals by calculating saturation indexes. Aluminosiicate minerals including albite, Ca-montmorillonite, gibbsite, illite, K-feldspar, and kaolinite were identified as potentially reactive minerals using hypothetical saturation indexes calculated with an assumed dissolved aluminum concentration of 1 microgram per liter. Balanced chemical equations derived from inverse-modeling techniques were used to assess chemical reactions as precipitation percolates to the water table. Calcite dissolution was predominate, but aluminosilicate weathering, cation exchange, and redox reactions also likely occurred. Microbial-catalyzed redox reactions altered the chemical composition of water infiltrating from the Cedar River into the alluvial aquifer by consuming dissolved oxygen, reducing nitrate, and increasing dissolved iron and manganese concentrations. Nitrate reduction only occurred in relatively shallow (3 to 7 meters below land surface) groundwater near the Cedar River and did not occur in water infiltrating to deeper zones of the alluvial aquifer.     

固体废物属性鉴别有关问题的思考

固体废物属性鉴别在进口废物管理方面具有重要作用,是口岸加强进口废物监管的重要技术支持依据。在进口物品固体废物属性鉴别中,各鉴别机构可能会遇到很多难以把握的问题。对固体废物属性鉴别关键问题进行思考,包括首要解决的问题、标准或规范的使用、鉴别的三个“键节点;过程产物的判断、特性分析、二次再生资源加工产物的判断等6个方面。     

网格技术支持下的我国地震工程远程协同试验系统

建设我国地震工程远程协同试验系统（NEESGrid CN）的目的是促进国内地震工程研究领域的资源共享和同行间的交流、联合，为防震减灾相关研究工作提供交互平台。从NEESGrid CN建设的框架出发，明确了系统建设的原则，分析了地震工程远程协同中专业计算机的作用，阐明了LOOKING信息收集的功能，同时指出了NEESGrid CN发展的关键技术问题，即异构数据和数据流服务。最后，分析了几种NEESGrid CN的工作模式。     

珠江三角洲地区重点VOC排放行业的排放清单

根据收集的珠江三角洲(珠三角)重点挥发性有机物(VOC)排放行业的活动水平数据,采用近年来VOC估算方面的研究成果及估算方法,建立了该地区2006年重点挥发性有机物排放行业和分城市的VOC排放清单.结果表明:珠江三角洲地区2006年重点挥发性有机物排放行业VOC排放总量为416.9kt,其不确定性(95%置信区间)为302.5~689.6kt(-31%~58%);家具制造业、建筑涂料使用、制鞋业是珠江三角洲重点VOC排放行业的主要来源,分别占总排放量的23.3%,21.2%和17.5%;东莞是珠江三角洲地区2006年重点挥发性有机物排放行业VOC排放量贡献最大的城市,其次是深圳,两者排放量分别占总排放量的23.6%和21.9%,主要的排放亦来源于家具制造业、建筑涂料使用与制鞋业.缺乏本地排放因子和良好的活动水平数据是本研究VOC排放量估算中主要的不确定性来源.     

“罐采样-实验室分析”测定环境空气中117种挥发性有机物要点分析

“罐采样-实验室分析”是当前测定环境空气中挥发性有机物的主流方法。结合已有资料,针对方法涉及的采样、样品运输与保存、分析测试等环节,考察了环境空气中挥发性有机物监测的主要影响因素。罐选择、清洁度、气密性、惰性化是样品保存的先决条件;采样流量控制器的气密性、流量校准等是保证监测准确的基本要素;温度变化对样品保存产生影响;标准气体的湿度、配置平衡时间、保存时间、配制准确性和内标气体的保存时间等会导致校准和溯源产生偏差。样品中的水分及二氧化碳是分析过程中影响监测结果准确性的干扰因素,实验室有机溶剂也会干扰分析的准确性。     

危化品安全生产科技研究现状的文献计量分析

为了解我国危化品安全生产科技研究现状,揭示危化品安全生产科技的动态演化过程,以中国知网文献数据为来源,采用文献计量法对2006—2014年的危化品安全生产科技相关文献进行挖掘、整理、分析。通过对比2006—2011与2012—2014年2个时间段关键词词频排序,共词聚类2012—2014年的高频关键词,分析我国危化品安全生产科技的主题结构及研究热点变化情况。研究表明:危化品、天然气管道、化工园区等关键词相关的安全生产科技,其关注度依旧较高,但针对这些传统领域的科技研发呈现出新的特点,围绕动态分级、生命周期、云计算等关键词开展的科技研究逐渐成为关注热点和优势方向;2012—2014年我国危化品安全生产科技可以归纳为6个主要研究领域。     

从节能减排看新农村建设

通过具体实例诠释新农村节能减排的内涵,分析了制约节能减排的因素,即推进力度与政策不适应、资源能源的节能减排技术与实际情况不适应、节能减排的严峻形势与农村实际不适应、生态监察的力度与节能减排要求不适应等,提出了建立政策支持体系、执法监管体系、技术保障体系、舆论导向体系等四项推进措施,对社会主义新农村建设节能减排工作具有借鉴作用。     

EPA SW-846方法研究的十一个要素及启示

文章介绍了美国环保局(EPA)固体废物办公室对开展新方法研究工作的程序规定,着重阐述了方法研究所要遵循的十一个要素的内容。对于我国的方法研究工作具有一定的启示作用。