模糊神经网络技术在矿山安全评价中的适应性研究

我国矿山企业安全生产形势严峻,矿山安全一直是我国矿山企业急需解决的安全评价技术及其应用是预防和控制矿山灾害事故的重要内容.对国内外矿山安全评价理论和技术的研究进展进行了系统的论述,并对国内安全评价理论和技术的研究和应用过程出现的问题进行了分析,指出模糊神经网络技术在矿山安全研究中的可行性,为矿山安全管理和科学决策提供了一种新的思路.     

质量、环境、安全管理体系发展趋势研究

质量、环境、职业安全健康管理体系的建立,对我国企业现代化管理工作具有积极促进作用.认真研究这些管理体系之间的相互关系,找出其发展的必然规律,通过机构和文件整合,加速管理体系工作发展的进程,新的结构模式对提高市场竞争能力具有实际意义.这是我国管理体系工作发展的一种必然趋势.内部科学管理机制、市场份额大小以及品牌效应影响程度都是衡量管理体系发展先进水平的重要内容和标志.     

加快山东胶州生态市建设的对策探讨

针对目前山东省胶州市生态市建设中存在的突出问题,全面提出了加快该市生态市建设工作的对策,以期更好地贯彻落实科学发展观,推进生态市建设的步伐.     

气田水处理药剂的筛选及应用

为了确保气田水水质处理效果,除正确选择水处理工艺和装置外,还必须选择相应的化学处理药剂。针对川东气田水水质状况,对多种絮凝剂进行了评价和筛选室内实验。综合考虑5种药剂性能和价格,无机絮凝剂选择TSY4-1效果较好;综合考虑5种处理方法的效果和药剂价格,选择TSY4-2有机絮凝剂作有机浮选剂效果较好。为验证室内实验结果,在川东气田池34井和卧20井气田水处理站分别进行了现场应用实验。结果表明筛选的组合配方药剂完全能够替代进口水处理药剂,能满足川东气田水水质处理的需要。     

微生物对石油污染物的降解作用

针对油井附近落地油污染地表土壤的问题,利用热蒸发色谱技术,对油污土壤中加入微生物对原油的降解特征进行了实验研究。实验结果表明,在油污土壤中加入微生物,对落地油有明显的降解作用,可以减轻石油生产过程中油污对土壤的破坏和对环境的污染。随着微生物降解作用的不断进行,土壤中污油的相对降解速度逐渐加快,相对降解率逐渐增加。生物处理法的过程较简单,处理费用低,处理效果好,一般不会产生二次污染。     

Characterization of a poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) depolymerase fromaureobacterium saperdae: Active site and kinetics of hydrolysis studies

An extracellular poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) depolymerase was purified fromAureobacterium saperdae cultural medium by using hydrophobic interaction chromatography. The isolated enzyme was composed of a single polypeptide chain with a molecular mass of 42.7 kDa as determined by SDS-PAGE and by native gel filtration on TSK-HW-55S. The enzyme was not a glycoprotein. Its optimum activity occurred at pH 8.0 and it showed a broad pH stability, ranging from pH 3 to pH 11.N-Bromosuccinamide and 2-hydroxy-5-nitrobenzyl bromide completely inactivated the enzyme, suggesting the involvement of tryptophan residues at the active site of the protein. The enzyme was very sensitive to diisopropyl fluorophosphate and diazo-dl-norleucine methyl ester, showing the importance of serine and carboxyl groups. The modification of cysteine residues byp-hydroxy mercuricbenzoate did not cause a loss of activity, whereas dithiothreitol rapidly inactivated the enzyme, revealing the presence of disulfide bonds.A saperdae depolymerase acted on the surface layer of PHB films and the degradation proceeded by surface erosion releasing monomers and dimers of 3-hydroxybutric acid. The degradation of PHB films byA. saperdae depolymerase was partially inhibited in the presence of excess amounts of enzyme. This phenomenon, already observed by Mukaiet al. with poly(hydroxyalkanoates) depolymerases fromAlcaligenes faecalis, Pseudomonas pickettii, andComamonas testosteroni, was analyzed according to the kinetic model proposed by these authors. The experimental data evidenced a general agreement with the kinetic model, although higher initial degradation rates were found withA. saperdae depolymerase.     

大气腐蚀对产品影响的研究

大气腐蚀是最普遍的一种腐蚀形式，在不同环境它所造成的危害都是不可忽视的，本文概括了大气腐蚀的几种类型，分析了其腐蚀过程及机理，并从影响大气腐蚀的因素总结了大气腐蚀的几种防护控制方法。     

Humanitarian Daily Rations: the need for evaluation and guidelines

Over 13 million Humanitarian Daily Rations (HDRs) have been distributed by NGOs, international organisations and the US military since 1993. In that time, not a single technical end-user study of HDRs has been published. Nor have practical guidelines been established for HDR distribution or use. This paper seeks to establish a baseline of knowledge concerning HDRs, surveying their history, composition and distribution. Criticisms of the ration are reviewed. A comprehensive evaluation is required to understand and improve HDR distribution, end-use, perceptions, design and nutritional contents. HDRs must also be added to technical guidelines on planning nutritionally adequate rations.     

Cross-Boundary Cooperation in a Watershed Context: The Sentiments of Private Forest Landowners

Ecosystem management and sustainable forestry on mixed ownership landscapes will require some level of cross-boundary coordination or management. Oregon's experiment with local, voluntary, collaborative forums, called watershed councils, is one mechanism to foster cross-boundary management. Fifty qualitative, in-depth interviews in three study areas were conducted with nonindustrial private forest (NIPF) landowners, watershed council members, and agency employees to learn how and why landowners participate (or not) on watershed councils. Study areas were located in three different areas of the state to reflect different ecological and organizational settings. Our case study identified three themes—stewardship ethic, property rights amid uncertainty, and action orientation—that were most salient among landowners when deciding to participate in their local watershed council. Other factors related to competing opportunities were also identified. Our results relate to the social psychological antecedents to cooperation of perceived consensus, group identity, and legitimacy of authority as well as to applied situations where cross-boundary coordination and management are goals.     

碎石桩处理液化地基抗液化研究现状及存在问题

就目前国内外碎石桩处理液化地基抗液化理论、动力分析以及液化判别等方面的研究作简要的归纳和评述。在加固机理研究方面,主要认为碎石加固砂土有以下几种作用:(1)挤密作用;(2)振密作用;(3)排水减压作用;(4)预震作用;(5)加筋作用。其次,在理论研究方面如排水效应和桩体效应方面的研究也取得了长足进展,已经从总应力法深入到有效应力法,从只对孔压的研究发展到对水土共同作用的研究。并且随着计算机的发展,数值计算为复杂条件下的问题解答开辟了一个新的途径,现在已经可以模拟地震时土体的变形和孔压变化情况。但是在碎石桩处理液化地基的判别标准研究方面发展较慢。最后,对高速公路碎石桩复合地基抗液化研究方面的一些不足之处提出了解决的思路,主要包括:(1)上部荷载对复合地基的影响;(2)碎石桩处理深度设计时应考虑的影响因素;(3)碎石桩加固区与周围环境的相互作用;(4)考虑碎石桩排水、应力集中和附加应力共同影响下的液化判别标准。