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111.
Ecosystem health assessment of urban rivers and lakes-Case study of "the six lakes" in Beijing,China 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
Fengling Zhang Jingling Liu Zhifeng Yang Yongli Li 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2008,2(2):209-217
The assessment of the ecosystem health of urban rivers and lakes is the scientific basis for their management and ecological
restoration. This study developed a three-level indicator system for its assessment. The results indicated that: Zhonghai
and Nanhai are in the state of transition from unhealthy to critical state and all the other lakes are in unhealthy states.
Water environmental quality, structure and function of the aquatic ecosystem, and the structure of waterfront areas were the
constraints. Nanhai was ranked as poor and the others were all ranked as very poor. However, the ecological environment of
Zhonghai and Nanhai were better than the others, the sums of the degree of membership to the healthy state and critical state
were all close to 0.6. and the restorations of these lakes were moderate. The sums of the degree of membership to the healthy
state and critical state of the other lakes were under 0.3, as it was difficult to restore these lakes. Some suggestions on
scientific management and ecological restoration of the six lakes were proposed: ①To control non-point pollution and to improve
the water quality of six lakes and the water entering into these lakes; ②To improve the hydrological conditions of six lakes;
③To rehabilitate the aquatic ecosystem and waterfront areas.
__________
Translated from Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2005, 25(11): 3019–3027[译自: 生态学报] 相似文献
112.
通过对云南省九大高原湖泊水环境现状分析,指出人类活动中工业、农业及生活源不断向湖泊中排放,以及围湖造田、水产养殖等破坏自然生态环境是导致云南高原湖泊富营养化的主要原因。在内外源营养盐控制、生态调控、生态修复等防治对策措施分析的基础上,指出富营养化湖泊的治理必须营养盐控制与水生植被恢复并拳。 相似文献
113.
典型城市浅水湖泊沉积物中磷与铁的形态分布及相关关系 总被引:12,自引:7,他引:5
应用改进的SEDEX法和BCR法对3个典型城市浅水湖泊(玄武湖、大明湖和莫愁湖)表层沉积物中的磷和铁的形态进行了测定与分析,并探讨了二者之间的相关关系.结果表明,玄武湖、大明湖和莫愁湖沉积物中Al-P含量都较低(<1%),Fe-P质量分数分别为17.10%~27.88%、16.68%~27.06%和0.06%~0.17%,分布顺序与湖泊富营养化程度相符.Ex-P和ACa-P、De-P含量的分布顺序均为大明湖>莫愁湖>玄武湖,其中钙磷的质量分数为32.51%~75.39%,是湖泊沉积物磷的主要赋存形态;3个城市湖泊沉积物中的铁元素主要以残渣态(F4)存在,占总量的69.17%~99.88%.其中,玄武湖沉积物中的F1和F2态的含量较高,占总量的6.46%~17.35%,可能与玄武湖频繁的蓝藻暴发有密切关系;TP与铁的F1、F2和F3态相关系数分别达到-0.95、-0.94、-0.81,呈极显著负相关(p<0.01).Ex-P、Al-P、Or-P与F1、F2态相关显著,与它们性质活泼,易受环境条件影响有关.ACa-P、De-P是生物难利用磷,但二者却与F1、F2和F3态存在显著负相关关系,其反应机制还有待深入研究. 相似文献
114.
115.
硅在湖泊沉积物上的吸附特征及形态分布研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以乌梁素海(WLSH)和岱海(DH)表层沉积物为吸附剂,开展了硅在沉积物上的等温吸附及形态再分布实验研究.结果表明,在低浓度梯度范围内(≤3.00 mg.L-1),硅在乌梁素海和岱海沉积物上的吸附行为均可用线性模型描述,且2个湖泊沉积物分别处于吸附硅和解吸硅的吸附/解吸反应的不同阶段;Langmuir交叉型吸附等温式、Freundlich交叉吸附等温式和Temkin交叉型吸附等温式均能较好地描述硅在2个湖泊沉积物上的吸附行为,结合沉积物自身吸持硅(NAS)和吸附/解吸平衡浓度(ESC0),阐释了2个湖泊沉积物对硅的源汇作用;以硅的形态再分布为基础,揭示沉积物中离子交换态(IEF-Si)释放硅能力,同时也不能忽视铁锰氧化物结合态(IMOF-Si)和有机物硫化物结合态(OSF-Si)的可持续释硅能力,可为探讨真实环境体系中硅的吸附/解吸机制,阐释湖泊富营养化的营养盐限制机制及营养盐耦合作用对碳循环拉动机制等提供理论依据和基础数据. 相似文献
116.
Haihan Zhang Rongrong Zong Huiyan He Kaiwen Liu Miaomiao Yan Yutian Miao Ben M Xin Huang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2021,33(2):216-227
Urban lake ecosystems are significant for social development, but currently we know little about the geographical distribution of algal community in urban lakes at a large-scale. In this study, we investigated the algal community structure in different areas of urban lakes in China and evaluated the influence of water quality parameters and geographical location on the algal community. The results showed that obvious differences in water quality and algal communities were observed among urban lakes in different geographical areas. Chlorophyta was the dominant phylum, followed by cyanobacteria in all areas. The network analysis indicated that algal community composition in urban lakes of the western and southern area showed more variations than the eastern and northern areas, respectively. Redundancy analysis and structural equation model revealed that nutrients and pH were dominant environmental factors that affected the algal community, and they showed higher influence than that of iron, manganese and COD Mn concentration. Importantly, algal community and density exhibited longitude and latitude relationship. In general, these results provided an ecological insight into large-scale geographical distributions of algal community in urban lakes, thereby having potential applications for management of the lakes. 相似文献
117.
Sarah M. Elliott Richard L. Kiesling Zachary G. Jorgenson Daniel C. Rearick Heiko L. Schoenfuss Kim T. Fredricks Mark P. Gaikowski 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2014,50(2):376-387
Developmental and reproductive effects of 17β‐estradiol (E2) exposure on two generations of fathead minnows and one generation of bluegill sunfish were assessed. Fish were exposed to E2 for six continuous weeks in outdoor mesocosms simulating natural lake environments. First generation fish were exposed while sexually mature. Second generation fathead minnows were exposed either during early development, sexual maturity, or both stages. Multiple endpoints were measured to assess effects of E2 exposure on fecundity and fish health and development. Plasma vitellogenin concentrations were highly variable in all fish. Differences in egg production timing for both species indicate differences in fecundity between females exposed to E2 and controls. First generation fathead minnows exposed to E2 had lower body condition factors and reduced secondary sexual characteristic expression by males. Only a difference in relative liver weight was observed in second generation fathead minnows. First generation bluegill males exposed to E2 had significantly smaller testes compared to controls. Although fish response was highly variable, results indicate that exposure to E2 at environmentally relevant concentrations affect fathead minnow and bluegill sunfish health and development, which may have implications for the health and sustainability of fish populations. Furthermore, exposure timing and environmental factors affect fish response to E2 exposure. 相似文献
118.
为考察东北典型湖库水体对铜绿微囊藻(Microcystic aeruginosa)生长过程中IDOM(细胞内溶解性有机物)荧光特性的影响,在镜泊湖、兴凯湖、五大连池、松花湖和大伙房水库5个典型湖库,共10个采样点采集水样,用于铜绿微囊藻的培养,利用EEM(三维荧光光谱)技术,结合三维荧光FRI(区域体积积分)开展IDOM荧光特性的聚类分析. 结果表明:铜绿微囊藻中IDOM的主要荧光特征峰为类蛋白荧光峰(峰S和峰T),峰S荧光强度高于峰T;对IDOM的三维荧光光谱分为5个区(Ⅰ~Ⅴ区)进行区域体积积分,荧光响应值比例(PⅠ+Ⅱ,n和PⅣ,n)总体上呈互补趋势;ФT,n(总区域体积积分)表现为镜泊湖>五大连池>兴凯湖>松花湖>大伙房水库,第16天镜泊湖的ФT,n最大,平均值为9.76×10-5 AU·nm2/(mg/L);大伙房水库的ФT,n最小,平均值为3.72×10-5 AU·nm2/(mg/L). 聚类分析将10个采样点分成3类. HJ1、HJ2采样点为类别1;HX1、LD1、JS1、LD2采样点为类别2;HX2、JS2、HW2、HW1采样点为类别3,其中,类别1(镜泊湖)水体较类别2和类别3水体更适宜铜绿微囊藻的生长. 相似文献
119.
There are two approaches in the application of satellite sensors to marine pollution studies. Satellite sensors are used to observe and characterize ocean pollutants such as industrial wastes and oil. in addition, satellite observations provide information useful in illuminating processes such as eutrophi-cation or air-sea exchange of CO2, that are important in determining the distribution and fate of pollutants. Satellite technology is an important tool in monitoring and studying ocean pollution. Visible sensors have been used to observe and characterize sewage sludge and industrial wastes dumped at sea. Oil slicks have been observed with Landsat, AVHRR and SAR imagery. Besides directly detecting pollutants, satellite sensors are useful for analyzing ocean processes that are influential in the fate of pollutants. These processes include eutrophication of coastal waters and the distribution of suspended matter. the fate of excess CO2 can be addressed using scatterometer-derived estimates of wind speeds to determine the CO2 exchange coefficient at the sea surface on a global scale. 相似文献
120.
A five‐step extraction procedure for metal speciation studies (copper, lead, nickel, manganese and zinc) was applied to the analysis of lake sediments characterised by different environmental features. A different partition of metals into the several metal forms was observed. Both the metal fraction sorbed or co‐precipitated on hydrous Mn‐oxides (especially lead and zinc) and that bound to organic matter (especially copper) are high in some samples. A prevalently anthropogenic origin of these metals may be hypothesised on the basis of existing knowledge of the equilibrium and change phenomena occurring among water, particulate and sediments. Conversely, the non‐solubilised forms of metals are abundant in the sediments of lakes that are certainly not polluted. The concentration of manganese is very high in the sediments of Antarctic lakes; sequential extractions show its lithogenic origin. In conclusion, a knowledge of the different types of metal associations in sediments and their percentage can facilitate understanding of both natural and anthropogenic metal enrichment of aquatic systems. 相似文献