Organochlorinated pesticides in sediments from the Lake Albufera of Valencia (Spain)

Bottom sediment samples from 121 sites of the Lake Albufera of Valencia were analyzed. Dieldrin, endrin, heptachlor and op′-DDT were not detected (<0.01 ng g⁻¹) in 88–93% of the sites. Aldrin and HCB concentration ranges were between <0.01 and 0.1 ng g⁻¹ in 86% and 94% of the sites, respectively. Heptachlor-epoxide and lindane 95% confidence intervals were 0.2–0.5 and 0.06–0.12, respectively. The greatest average concentration corresponds to pp′-DDE, pp′-DDD and pp′-DDT. The sum of six isomers and derivatives of the DDT average concentration reaches 2.1 ng g⁻¹, as opposed to 2.7 ng g⁻¹ for the sum of 13 pesticides considered. In the site with a major contamination, 27.0 ng g⁻¹ of pp′-DDD and 12.8 ng g⁻¹ of pp′-DDT were accumulated. The DDE:DDT proportion average was 0.37, indicating an aged DDT contamination. Concentrations of pesticides in sediments were compared to three sediment quality guidelines, and indicated that a low biological effects level can be expected in either sediments or aquatic organisms.     

甘肃省景观地球化学特征初探

分析了甘肃省境内的地球化学景观特征 ,将甘肃省划分为 6个不同的地球化学景观区 ,并依据甘肃省地质矿产局 2 0余年的 1:2 0万水系沉积物测量资料 ,统计出各景观区元素含量的算数平均值及标准离差 ,与全国相应元素的水系沉积物背景值进行了对比。     

Conservation for the landscape ecological diversity in Wulingyuan scenic area of China

Wulingyuan is located at the mountainous area of the middle reach of the Yangtze River,it is one of the three nature heritages in China which ranks in the “List of Worls‘s Heritage”by UNESCO.It is characterized by quartz sandstone peaks landform with several landform components(pattern,corridor)and rich in landscape ecological diversity and biodiversity.The main patterns(ecosystem)include mid-height mountain peaks,rift-avlley and streams among peaks,peaks and gullies on slopes,square mountain-platforms and peaks among blind valleys and so on.The corridor system consists of natural corridors and artificial corridors among which the stream corridors account for a major part.The fracturing of habitat is unfavorable for the biodiversity conservation,but meanwhile the habitat diversity leads to an increase in biodiversity.Therefore,it is still rich in landscape ecological diversity in Wulingyuan.The biodiversity at the level of landscape component(ecosystem) and the function of the Wulingyuan complex ecosystem,and the measures for the biodiversity conservation in Wulingyuan ecotourism area are discussed in this paper.     

北江万古流

北江是珠江水系第二大支流，全长582km，流域面积有4.7×105km2。北江是晚第三纪以来形成发育的，塑造了著名的丹霞地貌峡谷。水力、矿产、动植物和旅游资源丰富。     

贵州连续性碳酸盐岩上覆景观特征的定量研究

利用GIS软件,探讨了贵州以连续性碳酸盐岩为基底地区的上覆景观单元、破碎化及斑块分形的特征及其形成原因。研究区域中,受岩性控制景现在整体上体现出一致性的基础上,又存在着明显的内部差异性。一致性表现为以灌木林地为优势景观,森林和草地中以次生景观为主,偏小的斑块占大多数,斑块大小分布全为正偏, 其分布曲线多为尖峭峰,斑块研究不存在面积上尺度域,斑块形状在人为强烈干扰下趋于规则而导致类型分维数的值偏小,人为干扰大的景观中斑块的破碎化更加明显。相比连续性白云岩地区,连续性石灰岩地区的水资源利用率低下,抗干扰能力弱,景观多样性不均衡,退化更严重,分割程度更破碎,空间异质性更强,稳定性差,易向逆向演替的方向发展。     

城市道路景观设计

目前，城市道路的景观设计已成为道路设计的关键一环。文中从城市道路的景观要素出发，探讨了道路景观设计的设计思想和设计方法。     

人类活动对北京东灵山地区景观格局影响分析

干扰改变景观格局,同时又受景观格局的影响,干扰是景观异质性的一个主要来源。应用ＩＬＷＩＳ地理信息系统,以１∶２００００植被图为基础,结合野外考察,分析了北京东灵山地区森林景观空间格局,采用缓冲区分析方法,研究了人类活动对该地区森林景观格局的影响。研究结果表明,在东灵山地区,人类活动的强弱与景观的破碎化表现出一定的相关性。人类作用强的地区斑块面积较小,作用弱的地区斑块面积较大,人类的活动对该地区的景观破碎化产生了明显的影响。随着距所选择的干扰区的远近,几个景观多样性指数没有表现出有规律的大小变化。虽然该地区人类活动有愈来愈强的趋势,但目前决定该地区景观空间格局的因子主要还是自然要素,人类活动虽然也对该区的景观格局产生了一定的影响,但还不是决定因素     

汽车工业发展与环境效应的数学模型及其应用

随着９０年代我国汽车工业的迅速发展和汽车保有量的不断增长，汽车排放物在我国特别是大城市渐渐成为大气的主要污染源，在民健康和我国可持续发展战略目标的实现构成了威胁。因此，我国政府越来越重视对汽车排放污染的控制，制定了一系列治理汽车排放污染的政策法规，本文试图运用数学分析方法建立以汽车排放总量为主变量的汽车工业发展环境效应分析的模型，计算和讨论了治理汽车排放污染物和污染防治的政策法规实施的潜在效果。为     

基于景观生态学的天目湖湿地公园规划

通过野外调查和利用1∶1000、1∶10000地形图作GIS判读分析,以景观生态学原理为指导,对天目湖湿地公园进行规划。在将天目湖湿地划分成平坦开阔区、岛山、浅冲和廊道4类斑块基础上,以保护和利用湿地资源,发挥廊道的生态功能,突出绿斑、蓝带、开敞空间的整合为规划控制思路,对规划出的水生花卉园、湖滨生态园、平桥河生态廊道、芦苇园、林岛园、"双龙"入湖生态景观带以及生态产业和生态人居园7类用地布局作了描述。