氨氮在天然沸石上的吸附及解吸

研究了氨氮浓度、温度、时间、共存阳离子等对氨氮在天然沸石上吸附的影响 ,比较了HCl及NaCl溶液对氨氮解吸的效果 ,初步探讨了沸石吸附氨氮后自然硝化的规律 .结果显示 ,随着氨氮浓度的增大或温度的升高 ,沸石吸附量上升 ,最大可达 1 1 5mg·g- 1 ;沸石吸附的初始阶段 (0— 8h) ,沸石吸附量随时间显著上升 ,此后趋于平缓 ;在不同阳离子共存的情况下 ,K 可使沸石吸附量降低 5 0 %以上 ;HCl溶液对氨氮解吸的效果好于NaCl溶液 ,解吸率最高可达到 6 0 % ;沸石吸附的氨氮在硝化细菌作用下可转化为硝氮 ,溶液中硝氮浓度 1 2 0h后可达 9mg·l- 1 ,在总氮中比率达到 2 7% .     

不同填料负载微生物去除地表水氨氮的研究

氨氮浓度过高是黑臭水体难以治理的重要原因之一.本研究比较了经活性污泥驯化的菌株与市售硝化菌液两种不同菌剂分别在有机填料聚丙烯纤维和无机填料沸石上的挂膜特性,考察了不同挂膜填料性质、填料粒径、源水pH值等因素对氨氮去除效果的影响,并通过高通量测序解构不同填料生物膜的微生物群落差异,探究填料负载微生物的生物膜法去除氨氮的综...     

信号分子强化改性挂膜沸石持续抑制沉积物中氨氮释放

为寻找一种长期有效的底泥修复方式,对沸石进行了改性并挂膜的实验.考察了 4种铝盐[AlCl3、Al(NO3)3、Al2(SO4)3和KAl(SO4)2]改性挂膜沸石对上覆水中氨氮的去除情况.结果表明,AlCl3改性挂膜沸石效果最佳,且最佳改性浓度为0.8 mol·L-1.进一步分析添加信号分子OHHL后,AlCl3改性...     

Treating wastewater under zero waste principle using wetland mesocosms

• Smart wetland was designed to treat wastewater according to zero waste principle. • The system included a dynamic roughing filter, Cyperus papyrus (L.) and zeolite. • It removed 98.8 and 99.8% of chemical and bacterial pollutants in 3 days. • The effluent reused to irrigate a landscape and the sludge recycled as fertilizer. • The plant biomass is a profitable resource for antibacterial and antioxidants. The present investigation demonstrates the synergistic action of using a sedimentation unit together with Cyperus papyrus (L.) wetland enriched with zeolite mineral in one-year round experiment for treating wastewater. The system was designed to support a horizontal surface flow pattern and showed satisfactory removal efficiencies for both physicochemical and bacteriological contaminants within 3 days of residence time. The removal efficiencies ranged between 76.3% and 98.8% for total suspended solids, turbidity, iron, biological oxygen demand, and ammonia. The bacterial indicators (total and fecal coliforms, as well as fecal streptococci) and the potential pathogens (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) showed removal efficiencies ranged between 96.9% and 99.8%. We expect the system to offer a smart management for every component according to zero waste principle. The treated effluent was reused to irrigate the landscape of pilot area, and the excess sludge was recycled as fertilizer and soil conditioner. The zeolite mineral did not require regeneration for almost 36 weeks of operation, and enhanced the density of shoots (14.11%) and the height of shoots (15.88%). The harvested plant biomass could be a profitable resource for potent antibacterial and antioxidant bioactive compounds. This could certainly offset part of the operation and maintenance costs and optimize the system implementation feasibility. Although the experiment was designed under local conditions, its results could provide insights to upgrade and optimize the performance of other analogous large-scale constructed wetlands.     

反硝化细菌、硝酸钙和锆改性沸石联用对底泥中氮磷迁移转化的影响及硝态氮释放风险评估

本文考察了基于反硝化细菌、硝酸钙和锆改性沸石的组合技术（CN+DB+ZZ）对底泥中氮磷迁移转化的影响,并探讨了该技术的硝态氮释放风险.结果发现,单一的硝酸钙处理（CN）虽然可以有效地抑制底泥中磷的释放,但是会造成上覆水体的氨氮和硝态氮污染.硝酸钙和反硝化细菌联合处理（CN+DB）尽管可以有效地抑制底泥中磷的释放,并降低上覆水体的硝态氮二次污染风险,可是却无法有效地控制底泥中氨氮的释放.硝酸钙和锆改性沸石联合处理（CN+ZZ）虽然可以有效地抑制底泥中磷和氨氮向上覆水体的释放,但却会造成上覆水体硝态氮的二次污染.CN+DB+ZZ组合处理技术不仅可以有效地控制底泥中磷的释放,而且可有效降低底泥中氨氮的释放速率,并且与CN和CN+ZZ技术相比还可降低上覆水的硝态氮二次污染风险.CN+DB+ZZ组合技术对底泥中磷与铁同步释放的抑制、对底泥中氧化还原敏感态磷的削减、以及对底泥吸附磷酸盐和氨氮能力的增强,对于其控制底泥中磷和氨氮的释放是至关重要的.以上结果说明,CN+DB+ZZ组合技术是一种非常有希望的用于控制水体底泥中磷和氨氮释放的方法.     

铁碳微电解及沸石组合人工湿地的废水处理效果

铁碳微电解填料和沸石由于对废水中污染物具有良好的处理效果,因而被作为基质逐渐运用于人工湿地中.本研究构建了铁碳微电解填料+砾石（湿地A）、铁碳微电解填料+沸石（湿地B）、沸石（湿地C）以及砾石（湿地D）为基质的4组人工湿地,并利用间歇曝气对湿地系统进行增氧,探究不同填料对人工湿地废水处理效果的影响.结果表明,与湿地D相比,铁碳微电解填料显著提高了湿地出水的溶解氧含量（DO）（P<0.05）和pH（P<0.05）;4组人工湿地对有机物的去除率均达到95%以上,且各组间不存在显著性差异（P>0.05）;对TN而言,湿地A、B和C的平均去除率分别比湿地D提高了7.94%（P<0.05）、9.29%（P<0.05）和3.63%（P<0.05）,铁碳微电解填料和沸石对提升人工湿地TN去除效果的贡献率分别为73.55%和26.45%;各组湿地对NH₄⁺的平均去除率为67.93%~76.90%,与湿地D相比,其它3组湿地均明显改善了NH₄⁺的去除效果（P<0.05）;铁碳微电解填料对湿地NO₃^-的去除效果极佳,去除率高达99%以上,显著高于不添加铁碳微电解的人工湿地系统（P<0.05）.综合对碳氮污染物的处理效果来看,湿地B在间歇曝气的条件下对人工湿地中污染物去除效率最高.     

沸石覆盖原位控制湖泊内源中等活性有机磷迁移转化

为揭示湖泊内源中等活性有机磷(MLOP)控制与释放发生机制,采用室内模拟试验,研究沸石覆盖原位控制湖泊内源MLOP迁移转化影响因子.结果表明:酸性水体促进内源MLOP迁移,碱性条件下抑制其转化,不同pH值试验水体沉积物中内源MLOP相对浓度为:[MLOP/TP]pH8>[MLOP/TP]pH7>[MLOP/TP]pH6;温度明显提高内源MLOP迁移水平,低温水体相对高温水体沉积物中内源MLOP含量较低,5℃条件下内源MLOP迁移表观量最大,其随时间迁移量呈幂函数关系,可表示为[MLOP/TP]=0.2823T0.657(R2为0.9709);好氧或厌氧条件下,内源MLOP均发生迁移,且迁移特征和影响效能高度一致,迁移平衡后好氧环境内源MLOP和厌氧内源MLOP相对浓度呈线性相关,可表示为[MLOP/TP]好氧环境=1.0884[MLOP/TP]厌氧环境 -0.0271(R2为99895);光照因子促使内源MLOP迁移,而避光和沸石粒径因素对内源MLOP迁移影响较小;底栖生物颤蚓通过爬行、摄食、掘穴、栖所建造及分泌排泄等一系列活动影响内源MLOP迁移.沸石原位控制湖泊内源MLOP迁移转化效能较弱.     

几种氨氮吸附剂的对比实验研究

为给人工快速渗滤系统提供可行的填料,研究了煅烧贝壳、沸石、麦饭石、蛭石、中砂和细砂对氨氮的吸附效果。实验采用100 mg／L的氯化铵溶液作为初始溶液,结果表明,6种填料均具有快速吸附,缓慢平衡的吸附特点。经过11 h的吸附,煅烧后的贝壳对于氨氮的吸附量为0．993 mg／g。各个氨氮初始浓度梯次下,沸石的最大吸附量均超过其它5种填料,具有明显的氨氮吸附效果。     

沸石滤池深度处理石化废水二级出水研究

采用小试规模沸石滤池,深度处理石化废水二级出水,通过考察滤池对CODCrNH4^-N和挥发酚的去除情况,分析了沸石去除污染物的规律和机理。结果表明：沸石滤池对CODCr,NH4^＋-N和挥发酚的平均去除率分别达到27．32％、94．67％和34．47％。在滤池运行初期,离子交换起主要作用。随着反应器的运行,离子交换因沸石饱和而减弱,而生物氧化逐渐起作用。由于沸石资源丰富、价格低廉和性能优越,所以沸石滤池作为三级深度处理技术具有广阔应用前景。     

Low-temperature CO oxidation over Au-doped 13X-type zeolite catalysts: preparation and catalytic activity

Au-supported 13X-type zeolite (Au/13X) was synthesized using a common deposition–precipitation (DP) method with a solution of sodium carbonate as a precipitate agent. Further testing was conducted to test for catalytic oxidation of CO. A study was conducted on the effects of different preparation conditions (i.e., chloroauric acid concentration, solution temperature, pH of solution, and calcinations temperature) on Au/13X for CO oxidation. In respect to the catalytic activity, the relationship between different the preparation conditions and gold particles in 13X zeolite was analyzed using X-ray diffraction, TEM and XPS. The activity of Au/13X catalysts in CO oxidation was dependent on the chloroauric acid concentration. From XRD results, a higher chloroauric acid concentration induced larger gold nanoparticles, which resulted in lower catalytic activity. Results revealed that higher temperatures induced higher Au loading, homogeneous deposit, and smaller gold clusters on the support of 13X, resulting in higher CO activity. Furthermore, a pH of 5 or 6 generated greater amounts of Au loading and smaller Au particles on 13X than at a pH of 8 or 9. This may be a result of an effective exchange between Au(OH)2Cl2- and Au(OH)₃Cl^- on specific surface sites of zeolite under the pH’s 5 and 6. The sample calcined at 300°C showed the highest activity, which may be due to the sample’s calcined at 200°C inability to decompose completely to metallic gold while the sample calcined at 400°C had larger particles of gold deposited on the support. It can be concluded from this study that Au/13X prepared from a gold solution with an initial chloroauric acid solution concentration of 1.5 × 10^-3 mol·L^-1 gold solution pH of 6, solution temperature of around 90°C, and a calcination temperature of 300°C provides optimum catalytic activity for CO oxidation.