平面问题中主应变测量不确定度评定

目的实现平面场中主应变的测量不确定度评定。方法首先建立主应变的是非线性传播测量模型,然后应用基于二阶TAYLOR级数展开理论的不确定度传播方法(LPU方法),开展平面问题中主应变的测量不确定度评定。针对二种常用的应变花,建立以主应变为输出量、以应变花之三个方向测量应变为输入量的测量模型,并将二阶LPU方法应用于该模型。设计数值计算算例,以说明主应变不确定度的评定过程和方法,并与一阶LPU结果进行了比较。结果当应变花三个方向的应变测量结果相近时,文中方法与一阶LPU方法获得的主应变的不确定度评定结果存在明显的差异,主应变不确定度评定结果在数值上都大于应变花测量的不确定度。当应变花三个方向的应变测量结果相差较大时,文中方法和一阶LPU方法获得的主应变测量不确定度评定结果相差不大。结论特定情况下,主应变的测量不确定度值远大于应变花测量的不确定度,且与一阶LPU方法的评定结果有显著差异,二者可相差一倍。     

大型赛事中体育场馆内环境噪音对人群的影响研究

环境噪音对人群健康的影响,除了传统的听力损伤和生理评价标准之外,它对人群的心理影响是不可忽视的.为了补充传统评价模型在心理学方面评价的不足,提出了一种基于模糊分析的评价模型,计算篮球赛体育馆内环境噪音对人群影响的评价指标,以模糊数学的隶属度理论为基础,把环境噪音对人群影响的定性评价转变为定量评价,用来表达环境噪音对人群影响的不确定性;以人群对篮球赛体育场馆内环境噪音的主观感觉和环境噪音的强弱、环境噪音频率以及环境噪音随时间的变化为基础,对评价指标权重进行归一化处理计算评价指标综合矩阵,并采用模糊分析法建立评价模型.通过三部分实验测试,证明所提模型能够准确评价篮球赛体育场馆内环境噪音对人群心理烦躁的影响程度.     

大型水电站施工期污水截排工程设计研究

对大型水电站施工期污水截排工程进行设计能够降低污水排放量,对环境保护具有重要意义,针对当前大型水电站施工期污水截排工程存在的截排效果与工程投入成本之间矛盾的问题,提出一种基于污水截排流量的大型水电站施工期污水截排工程设计方法,首先对大型水电站施工期污水的来源进行分析,确定污水中主要污染物,然后对大型水电站施工期污水截排工程的设计任务进行分析.实现结果表明,所提方法设计的污水截排工程能够实现截排效果与工程投入成本之间的有机统一,在降低工程投入的同时保证截排效果.     

脱色酶TpmD在大肠杆菌中的高效表达及纯化

用PCR方法从嗜水气单胞菌DN322基因组中扩增出编码三苯基甲烷类染料脱色酶TpmD的基因,与表达载体pET-22b(+)连接构建成重组质粒pET22-tpmD,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)得到重组工程菌株.结果表明,经IPTG诱导,脱色酶基因可高效表达,粗酶液降解结晶紫、孔雀石绿、碱性品红、灿烂绿的比活力达到569.5,386.9,516.1,273.0U/g.表达产物经Ni-NTA亲和层析法一步纯化,蛋白纯度达94.05%.对4种染料的比活力分别达到1075.3,1042.8,903.9,484.3U/g,重组质粒稳定存在于工程菌中,便于规模化发酵生产.     

大型水母爆发对东海生态系统中上层能量平衡的影响

通过建立东海生态系统ECOPATH模型,并将大型水母作为一个独立的功能组,从能量平衡的角度探讨近年来东海大型水母爆发对生态系统的影响,并在此基础上提出抑制大型水母爆发加剧的控制机制的假说。模型分析结果表明:大型水母对中上层生物资源普遍具有显著不利影响;在大型水母、浮游动物和鲳鱼等小型中上层鱼类之间可能存在一个由大型水母爆发引发的生态系统中上层能量反馈循环;大型水母爆发初期将破坏生态系统中上层能量平衡;浮游动物生物量的波动可能是抑制大型水母爆发加剧的自然控制机制之一。     

无人机通信信道模型研究

研究合适的无人机通信信道模型对无人机数据链的设计和性能分析具有重要意义。目前,根据无人机不同的飞行状态和不同的飞行环境,通信信道模型可以分为大尺度衰落模型和小尺度衰落模型。在分析这两种模型相关参数和概率分布函数的基础上,结合大尺度衰落和小尺度衰落的特性,利用自由空间路径损耗和粗糙地面路径损耗理论,建立了适合不同环境下无人机特性的统一信道模型。     

大型储油罐浮舱检查器的研制

介绍了研制开发的油罐浮舱检查器的结构及试验情况,试验表明采用油罐浮舱检查器进行大型储油罐的浮舱检查,既提高了工作效率,又可避免人员中毒等事故的发生。     

农户参与农田水利建设意愿影响因素的理论与实证分析——基于江西省619户种粮大户的微观调查数据

利用江西619户种粮大户数据,运用博弈模型逻辑和Logistic模型从理论与实证上分析了农户参与农田水利建设意愿的影响因素。研究结果表明,种稻收益、粮食补贴政策评价、农业劳动力人数、易洪易涝面积比重及村庄双季稻种植比重等因素对农户参与农田水利建设意愿有显著正影响,兄弟姐妹个数对农户参与农田水利建设意愿有显著负影响,而户主年龄、文化程度、经营规模、区域类型等变量的影响不显著。     

Biodegradation of phenol and m-cresol by mutated Candida tropicalis

The phenol and m-cresol biodegradations were studied using the mutant strain CTM 2 obtained by the He-Ne laser irradiation on wild-type Candida tropicalis. The results showed that C. tropicalis exhibited the increased capacity of phenolic compounds degradation after laser irradiation. It could degrade 2600 mg/L phenol and 300 mg/L m-cresol by 5% inoculum concentration, respectively. In the dual-substrate biodegradation system, 0–500 mg/L phenol could accelerate m-cresol biodegradation, and 300 mg/L m-cresol could be completely utilized within 46 hr at the presence of 350 mg/L phenol. Besides, the maximum biodegradation of m-cresol could reach 350 mg/L with 80 mg/L phenol within 61 hr. Obviously, phenol, as a growth substrate, could promote CTM 2 to degrade m-cresol, and was always preferentially utilized as carbon source. Comparatively, low-concentration m-cresol could result in a great inhibition on phenol degradation. In addition, the kinetic behaviors of cell growth and substrate biodegradation were described by kinetic model proposed in our laboratory.     

Degradation and mineralization of 2-chioro-, 3-chloro- and 4-chlorobiphenyl by a newly characterized natural bacterial strain isolated from an electrical transformer fluid-contaminated soil

A bacterium classified as Achromobacter xylosoxidans strain IR08 by phenotypic typing coupled with 16S rRNA gene analysis wasisolated from a soil contaminated with electrical transformer fluid for over sixty years using Aroclor 1221 as an enrichment substrate.The substrate utilization profiles revealed that IR08 could grow on all three monochlorobiphenyls (CBs), 2,4'- and 4,4'-dichlorobiphenylas well as 2-chlorobenzoate (2-CBA), 3-CBA, 4-CBA, and 2,3-dichlorobenzoate. Unusually, growth was poorly sustained on biphenyland benzoate. In growth experiments, IR08 degraded all CBs (0.27 mmol/L) in less than 96 h with concomitant stoichiometric release ofinorganic chloride and growth yields were 2-3 times higher than those observed on biphenyl. In contrast to most of the chlorobiphenyl-degrading strains described in the literature, which are reported to form CBA, no metabolite was identified in the culture broth byHPLC analysis. When co-incubated with respective CBs and biphenyl, strain IR08 preferentially utilized the chlorinated analoguesin less than 96 h while it took another 264 h before 90% of the initially supplied biphenyl could be degraded. The promotion of co-metabolic transformation of halogenated substrates by the inclusion of their non-halogenated derivatives may not therefore, result inuniversal benefits.