The Thermodynamic Performance of a Double-Acting Traveling-Wave Thermoacoustic Engine with Liquid-Water Piston

A double-acting traveling-wave thermoacoustic engine with liquid-water piston (DTTELP) was proposed by the authors. This article conducted numerical simulation on its performance for the cases of with and without acoustical loads. The effects of mean working pressure and water-piston mass on its non-load performance were firstly discussed. Then, the output performance of this novel thermoacoustic engine under fixed heating temperature was analyzed. Also, influences of different heating temperatures on the performance of this engine were discussed. According to the simulation, the novel double-acting thermoacoustic heat engine (TTHE) is very efficient and a maximum thermal efficiency can reach about 51% when the heating temperature is 1500 K.     

弹箭贮存寿命预测预报技术综述

概述了弹箭系统贮存寿命预测预报技术的研究现状及研究方法。对弹箭系统的橡胶构件、发射药、推进剂、固体发动机的贮存寿命预测预报技术进行了详细介绍。阐明了现有技术的优点及缺陷．并且表明针对不同的产品应选择适当的方法及条件才能得出相对比较可信的预估贮存寿命。     

含机油废水微生物降解实验研究

从油污土壤中筛选分离出两株高效机油降解菌ZL1，ZL2，初步鉴定了黄杆菌属和微球菌属，通过生长条件正交实验测定了温度，底物浓度和pH对其降解能力的影响，在废水油浓度较高条件下进行了连续降解实验。结果表明：2d左右对于含油270mg/L的去除率分别达到67.9%和76．2％，其中ZL2菌对底物浓度和pH值有较广的适应范围。     

某涡桨发动机隔振安装系统弹性参数优化研究

目的降低某型涡桨发动机安装系统中存在的振动耦合。方法在ADAMS中建立该涡桨发动机安装系统的动力学模型,以发动机安装系统模态频率及侧向、垂向模态对应的振动解耦率为优化条件,通过ADAMS/insight模块对该动力学模型进行刚度优化。结果通过优化,发动机安装系统侧向模态频率为8.03 Hz,垂向模态频率为28.23Hz,满足隔振要求。侧向、偏航、俯仰模态实现了振动解耦,解耦率均在97%以上。由于主隔振器结构特点,垂向、航向、滚转模态仍存在振动耦合,可考虑改变主隔振器结构以降低该振动耦合。结论所述方法可提高涡桨发动机安装系统的振动解耦率,降低安装系统的刚度设计难度,进而提高涡桨发动机安装系统的隔振效率。     

资源型催化剂净化柴油机尾气

本文使用含有稀土金属和过渡金属元素以及只含有过渡金属元素的矿石制备了多种资源型催化剂,并在柴油机台架上进行筛选和活性评价.结果表明,含有稀土金属和过渡金属复合氧化物的ZC-1号催化剂和只含有过渡金属氧化物,但添加助催化剂的ZC-4号催化剂具有较好的温度特性、空速特性、热稳定性和抗积碳性能,其中ZC-1号催化剂的性能最优.对ZC-1号催化剂进行了700h的使用寿命考察,未见其活性降低。     

Dynamic simulation and performance prediction of free displacer Stirling engines

ABSTRACT

In this study, a Stirling engine with a free-displacer and a kinematically controlled power piston was proposed and analyzed from thermodynamic and dynamic points of view. The analysis intended to reveal the dynamic behaviors of moving components of the engine as well as predicting global thermal performance of it. A dynamic-thermodynamic mathematical model of the engine involving the isothermal gas pressure equation and motion equations of the displacer, power piston and crankshaft was developed. For the solution of the dynamic-thermodynamic model equations, and simulation of the engine’s running, a computer program was prepared in FORTRAN language. By considering a hot-end temperature of 1,000 K and a cold-end temperature of 350 K, dimensions of mechanic, volumetric and thermal components of the engine were quantified interactively. Variations of engine speed, engine power, displacer stroke, and engine torque were examined with respect to the spring constant, displacer mass, displacer damping constant and external load and, results were graphically presented. In comparison with engines having free-piston and kinematically driven displacer, the thermodynamic performance of the free-displacer engine was found to be lower. The engine was found to be able to work at constant speed and power. The values of the displacer mass and spring constant were optimized as 1,500 g and 1,30,000 N/s, respectively and the global speed of the engine was determined to be 47.75 Hz for these values. The effective and the indicated work of the engine were determined to be 113 and 126 J, respectively.     

冲压发动机热结构振动环境预示研究

目的研究脉动压力作用下冲压发动机燃烧室热结构振动环境预示方法。方法建立发动机结构的力学模型,同时开展相应的常温和热模态试验,对有限元模型进行对比、修正,以最终得到的力学模型为基础,分段对发动机结构施加脉动压力,完成冲压发动机脉动压力作用下热振动响应计算,并与试验结果进行对比分析。结果预示结果与试验结果基本相符,验证了所采用的冲压发动机振动响应分析方法和技术途径的可行性和正确性。结论这种热-结构分析方法可用于冲压发动机振动环境预示,同时也可用于优化发动机结构设计,对飞行器研制初期环境预示及结构设计工作具有重要的工程应用价值。     

Effects of continuously regenerating diesel particulate filters on regulated emissions and number-size distribution of particles emitted from a diesel engine

The effects of continuously regenerating diesel particulate filter (CRDPF) systems on regulated gaseous emissions, and number-size distribution and mass of particles emanated from a diesel engine have been investigated in this study. Two CRDPF units (CRDPF-1 and CRDPF-2) with di erent specifications were separately retrofitted to the engine running with European steady-state cycle (ESC). An electrical low pressure impactor (ELPI) was used for particle number-size distribution measurement and mass estimation. The conversion/reduction rate (RCR) of hydrocarbons (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) across CRDPF-1 was 83% and 96.3%, respectively. Similarly, the RCR of HC and CO and across CRDPF-2 was 91.8% and 99.1%, respectively. The number concentration of particles and their concentration peaks; nuclei mode, accumulation mode and total particles; and particle mass were highly reduced with the CRDPF units. The nuclei mode particles at downstream of CRDPF-1 and CRDPF-2 decreased by 99.9% to 100% and 97.8% to 99.8% respectively; and the particle mass reduced by 73% to 92.2% and 35.3% to 72.4%, respectively, depending on the engine conditions. In addition, nuclei mode particles increased with the increasing of engine speed due to the heterogeneous nucleation initiated by the higher exhaust temperature, while accumulation mode particles were higher at higher loads due to the decrease in the air-to-fuel ratio (A/F) at higher loads.     

HT240材料发动机缸体疲劳试验及性能分析

目的确定HT240材料发动机缸体疲劳寿命,从而验证其可靠性。方法参照AVL的缸体疲劳试验标准,根据该型发动机的爆发压力,选取一定安全裕度的脉动液压压力,在疲劳试验机上模拟实际工况对四件样品进行缸体脉冲加载试验。结果在缸体上部易出现裂缝。对缸套的实验数据进行处理,确定了其在运行一定次数下不发生破坏的条件疲劳极限为17.89MPa。同时明确了缸体主轴承壁在21MPa下未破坏的循环次数及其他破坏位置。结论该批次缸体基本满足设计要求。为该材料发动机缸体的批量生产及进一步优化设计提供了理论依据。     

直喷式柴油机颗粒排放控制研究

简要分析了柴油机颗粒排放的形成机理，并评述了有关颗粒控制技术的前处理、机内控制和后处理方法。最后，指出有效降低颗粒排放的方向。