中国清洁发展机制法律制度探讨

根据《京都议定书》关于清洁发展机制(Clean Development Mechanism,CDM)的目标、设立条件、步骤和监管制度的规定,指出了中国在实施清洁发展机制中所获得的环境、社会和经济方面的巨大利益,同时,也分析了目前中国实施清洁发展机制在项目发展规模、潜在项目识别、额外行证明、CER法律权属界定、项目签发等方面存在的问题。文章结合国际社会清洁发展制度的趋势走向,预测在今后相当长的时期内清洁发展机制仍将作为全球温室气体减排的有效制度而存在,并将对CDM宗旨重新定位和完善CDM项目具体实施制度。还根据国际形势变化,对2012年后中国清洁发展机制的法律制度建设提出了具体的建议:应尽快出台一部能源基本法,使得包括清洁能源机制在内的应对气候变化的措施能够有法可依。立法中应重点确立能源可持续发展原则,具体规定CDM项目适格标准、改变传统一元所有权模式,明确CER法律权属和所有权、完善CDM项目监管制度,以限制CDM项目单纯追求经济效益的危险性、加强CDM服务行业规范,提高CER签发率。     

关于我国自然资源保护法律体系的评价及立法取向

为了保护我国的自然资源，克服资源危机，我国已初步建立了自然资源保护法律体系框架，但该框架在体系结构、法律制度和监督管理机制上还存有缺陷。因此，有必要完善自然资源保护法的体系，充实自然资源保护法的内容     

我国土地污染防治法律问题探讨

随着我国工业化和城市化进程的快速发展,土地污染问题日益严重,给我国经济、社会、生态等各方面带来了严重的危害。文章针对土地污染的现状,分析了土地污染产生的原因,并且从土地污染防治基本法、土地污染的预防机制、行政管理体制、法律责任、公众参与等方面提出了相应的完善对策。     

舟山市渔农村水污染治理法律机制研究——以社会协同治理为视角

舟山目前正处在治理渔农村水污染的关键时期.政府与普通民众积极协同,各自发挥自己的优势是打赢渔农村水污染治理这场战役的关键.然而,在这场战役中,出现了“政府干,群众看”、“政府热,群众冷”这一尴尬局面.所以,亟需建立起政府主导,民众积极参与,协同参加水污染治理的法律机制,重点要建立起政府水污染治理源头控制制度、公众充分参与水污染治理的保障制度、社会监督制度、社会教育制度.     

环保产业亟待整顿

阐述了目前环保产业中存在的主要问题和应采取的措施。     

Landscape fires as social disasters: An overview of ‘the bushfire problem’

The ‘landscape’, ‘bushfire’ or ‘forest-fire’ problem is exemplified by the destruction of homes and human lives by landscape fires raging out of control. The ‘problem’ involves a series of landscapes (e.g. wildland and suburb), a series of systems (e.g. biophysical system and environmental-effects system), and a series of time phases (e.g. planning phase). It is a multi-stakeholder, multi-variable, multi-scale problem. Land uses, like ‘farmland’, imply a set of specific assets and, therefore, particular perceptions of losses. In all land-use designations, at any one point, fire-proneness may be seen as a function of exposure to ignition sources (embers, burning brands or flame radiation and flame contact) and the ease of ignition. The landscape-fire problem has multiple partial ‘solutions’, not just one overall solution, and these involve social governance, land management (public and private), suppression capacity and personal preparedness. The problem needs to be addressed at multiple temporal and spatial scales in an integrated fashion for the outcome to be of maximal benefit. There will always be a residual risk of severe fire occurrence. Minimisation of residual risk requires effective land management, recurrent funding and the perpetual vigilance of all parties.     

A case study of urban heat islands in the Carolinas

Urbanization tends to aggravate the negative effects of climate. The objective of this research is to aid in the understanding of the spatial variation of urban heat islands within selected cities in North and South Carolina. This understanding will help guide efforts to cool cities in order to increase human comfort, conserve energy and resources, and reduce air pollution in both of these states.     

REDD+ comes with money,not with development: an analysis of post-pilot project scenarios from the community forestry of Nepal Himalaya

Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+) attracts poor nations to keep their forest standing only to sequester carbon through monetary incentives. However, in countries like Nepal where forest is an integral part of social practices, communities need to keep using forests for making a living. Based on household survey, field interview, personal observation, and broad review of forestry legislations, this paper scrutinizes villagers’ experiences of changes in forest management after implementation of a REDD+ pilot project in nine Community Forestry Users Groups (CFUGs) of Nepal. Since REDD+ was not initiated by local communities but tacitly implemented by international NGOs, most villagers lacked knowledge about it and the associated benefits from the pilot project, thus fewer villagers were found to be motivated to participate in the pilot project. Consequently, it delinked villagers from their forest by implicitly tightening uses rules, which resulted in constraints to fetch forest products. In addition, REDD+ benefits were distributed to some poor households but not to all, which resulted to an antagonistic sentiment in the villages. Thus, a rigorous assessment of conditions and framework of REDD+ and an involvement of local community from the start without compromising in the uses of forest products is of the utmost importance before considering the REDD+ framework as an alternative or as similar to CFUG in Nepal. Alternatively, REDD+ can be a part or a development project under the CFUG’s framework, which could be socially as well as legally acceptable on the present situation.     

固体废物属性鉴别有关问题的思考

固体废物属性鉴别在进口废物管理方面具有重要作用,是口岸加强进口废物监管的重要技术支持依据。在进口物品固体废物属性鉴别中,各鉴别机构可能会遇到很多难以把握的问题。对固体废物属性鉴别关键问题进行思考,包括首要解决的问题、标准或规范的使用、鉴别的三个“键节点;过程产物的判断、特性分析、二次再生资源加工产物的判断等6个方面。     

浅析我国目前的环境执法

分析了我国目前的环境执法及影响环境执法的原因,提出了环境执法建议。