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181.
Stevens CJ Duprè C Dorland E Gaudnik C Gowing DJ Bleeker A Diekmann M Alard D Bobbink R Fowler D Corcket E Mountford JO Vandvik V Aarrestad PA Muller S Dise NB 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2011,159(10):2243-2250
A survey of 153 acid grasslands from the Atlantic biogeographic region of Europe indicates that chronic nitrogen deposition is changing plant species composition and soil and plant-tissue chemistry. Across the deposition gradient (2-44 kg N ha−1 yr−1) grass richness as a proportion of total species richness increased whereas forb richness decreased. Soil C:N ratio increased, but soil extractable nitrate and ammonium concentrations did not show any relationship with nitrogen deposition. The above-ground tissue nitrogen contents of three plant species were examined: Agrostis capillaris (grass), Galium saxatile (forb) and Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus (bryophyte). The tissue nitrogen content of neither vascular plant species showed any relationship with nitrogen deposition, but there was a weak positive relationship between R. squarrosus nitrogen content and nitrogen deposition. None of the species showed strong relationships between above-ground tissue N:P or C:N and nitrogen deposition, indicating that they are not good indicators of deposition rate. 相似文献
182.
183.
To promote modern agricultural equipment level is one characteristic of constructing and developing modern agriculture in China.This paper makes up stepwise linear regression analysis model of influence factors of modern agricultural equipment level,and chooses rural labor,per capita income of rural residents,rural investment,proportion of people at secondary education level and at higher level in per hundred rural labor force and arable land area as independent variables,and total power of machine as induced variable.The major results show that the relativity of modern agricultural equipment level,rural investment and education level of peasants is remarkable,and they are the major influence factors of modern agricultural equipment level.Raising investment level of rural infrastructure construction as well as and research and development and promotion of advanced and applicable modern agricultural equipment,improving quality and education level of peasants can accelerate the development of China’s modern agricultural equipment effectively in the process of agricultural sustainable development. 相似文献
184.
Kei Asada Koki Toyota Taku Nishimura Jun-Ichi Ikeda Kaneaki Hori 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(4):285-292
Applying manure compost not only results in zinc accumulation in the soil but also causes an increase in zinc mobility and enhances zinc leaching. In this study, the physical and chemical characteristics of zinc, zinc profiles, and zinc balance were investigated to characterise the fate of zinc in fields where the quality and amount of pig manure compost applied have been known for 13 years. Moreover, we determined zinc fractionation in both 0.1 mol L?1HCl-soluble (mobile) and -insoluble (immobile) fractions. Adsorption of zinc in the soil was enhanced with increasing total carbon content following the application of pig manure compost. The 159.6 mg ha?1 year?1manure applied plot (triplicate) exceeded the Japanese regulatory level after only 6 years of applying pig manure compost, whereas the 53.2 mg ha?1 year?1 manure applied plot (standard) reached the regulatory level after 13 years. The zinc loads in the plots were 17.0 and 5.6 kg ha?1 year?1, respectively. However, 5.9 % and 17.2 % of the zinc loaded in the standard and the triplicate pig manure compost applied plots, respectively, were estimated to be lost from the plough layer. Based on the vertical distribution of mobile and immobile zinc content, a higher rate of applied manure compost caused an increase in the mobile zinc fraction to a depth of 40 cm. Although the adsorption capacity of zinc was enhanced following the application of pig manure compost, a greater amount of mobile zinc could move downward through the manure amended soil than through non manure-amended soil. 相似文献
185.
Tiao J. Chang Jennifer R. Stenson 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1990,26(5):823-829
ABSTRACT: The concept of recurrence interval has been used for years in engineering designs. Can the same concept be applied to the drought analysis? This paper uses the plotting position method to define drought of various recurrence intervals based on stream-flow data. The method of truncation level was applied to the same data to examine the defined drought. Based on the method of truncation level, drought duration and its corresponding flow deficit were investigated. Eighteen flow gage stations from the Scioto River Basin in Ohio were selected for the study. The results show that flows of 100-year droughts using the plotting position method are practically nil. On the other hand, flows of droughts using the truncation method are gradually decreasing with an increase in truncation level, where flows of 95 percent are approximately equal to those of two-year droughts defined by the plotting position. It is also shown that there is a strung correlation between drought duration and deficit. 相似文献
186.
本文对西昌市大气污染现状进行调查分析,揭示了大气环境污染的特征及其变化规律,从宏观上提出了保护大气环境的对策。 相似文献
187.
我国北方稻区稻飞虱的成灾机制:一个假说 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
本文通过对大量文献资料的综合分析,从飞虱的飞行特性和北迁运载气流入手,以东亚大气低层环流为背景审视飞虱在有限时间内远迁北方致灾的成因机制,提出了以北上低空急流的时空变化与南方大发生虫源迁出期(区)相吻合、其前沿所至与北方迁入区相一致作为北方稻虱成灾的启动因子的假说.并提出了验证该假说的研究方法和技术路线,为揭示北方稻虱成灾的奥秘,完善灾变监测技术和预警系统奠定了基础。 相似文献
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189.
本文提出一种利用静电场的印染废水处理方法,印染废水中的污染颗粒在电场的作用下,朝一定的方向迁移,从而发生“强制电中和”作用,这种电中和作用的场能消耗极小,而被中和的污染物颗粒由于凝聚作用,则会不断长大而易于通令过滤去除,这一处理工艺在经“自数”预处理之后,可继续使COD和色度的去除百分数分别达60%和63%以上。 相似文献
190.
ABSTRACT: The Hallett Quarry gravel pit lakes are an active sand and gravel extraction operation located 0.4 km north of the City of Ames, Iowa. During periods of drought, these lakes serve as a supplemental water supply for Ames. A modified version of the Vollenweider input-output model was used to predict future water quality under various watershed land use, drainage, and lake configurations. The dominant factor controlling the future water quality of the lakes was found to be the nutrient input. It is recommended that a management plan to protect the future water quality should be oriented towards reducing the sources of phosphorus to the lakes. 相似文献