沈阳市环境污染责任保险推进工作存在问题及对策浅析

在全面介绍沈阳市环境污染责任保险推进情况的基础上,论述了沈阳市参加保险企业的确定原则、推进方法及配套政策措施,并结合当前沈阳市该险种推进过程中存在的相关问题,提出了选择适合的环境污染责任保险模式、加强环保部门与保险行业的合作、将环境污染责任险推进融入到环境监理工作中等建议及对策。     

Climate change and financial adaptation in Africa. Investigating the impact of climate change on the robustness of index-based microinsurance in Malawi

This paper discusses the applicability of crop insurance for the case of Malawi and explores the potential impact of climate change on the viability of the Malawi weather insurance program making use of scenarios of climate change-induced variations in rainfall patterns. The analysis is important from a methodological and policy perspective. By combining catastrophe insurance modeling with climate modeling, the methodology demonstrates the feasibility, albeit with large uncertainties, of estimating the effects of climate variability and climate change on the near- and long-term future of microinsurance schemes serving the poor. By providing a model-based estimate of insurance back-up capital necessary to avoid ruin under climate variability and climate change, along with the associated uncertainties and data limitations, this methodology can quantitatively demonstrate the need for financial assistance to protect micro-insurance pools against climate-induced insolvency. This is of major concern to donors, NGOs and others supporting these innovative systems, those actually at-risk and insurers providing insurance. A quantitative estimate of the additional burden that climate change imposes on weather insurance for poor regions is of interest to organizations funding adaptation. Further, by linking catastrophe modeling to regionalized climate modeling, the analysis identifies key modeling inputs necessary as well as important constraints. We end with a discussion of the opportunities and limits to similar modeling and weather predictability for Sub-Saharan Africa beyond the case of Malawi.

中国环境损害赔偿机制研究

文章通过对目前国内外环境损害赔偿机制进行调查分析,剖析了中国在环境损害赔偿中存在的问题,参考国外发达国家的成功经验,结合中国的具体情况,研究提出中国环境损害赔偿机制主要应建立环境污染损害赔偿责任基金、环境污染责任保险制度和传统的环境侵权民事责任制度,同时重点探讨环境污染责任保险制度中最难解决也是最关键的问题──保险费的确定以及环境损害索赔程序制度的完善,使中国环境管理工作再上一个新台阶。     

Disaster risk insurance and catastrophe models in risk‐prone small Caribbean islands

Post‐catastrophe recovery and financial liquidity have long challenged small Caribbean islands. These states are vulnerable to multifarious natural hazards that often cause considerable socioeconomic dislocation. Such events inflict heavy losses on businesses and households, and significantly disrupt all aspects of government operations. After Hurricane Ivan devastated the economies of some islands in September 2004—with estimated losses of as much as 200 per cent of gross domestic product in some cases—regional governments, aided by the World Bank and international donors, approved the creation of a regional catastrophe insurance scheme. This parametric‐based mechanism is underpinned by derivatives‐based catastrophe modelling whose outputs determine policy triggers and pay outs. Hazard models, particularly catastrophe models, are not widely accepted as yet. Despite recent advancements, major concerns have rendered them peripheral tools for many establishments. This paper reviews the region's vulnerabilities and examines constraints on the application of these models and suggests a means of improving their efficacy and acceptability.     

煤炭企业安全投资保障机制及其系统动力学分析

针对我国目前煤炭企业安全投资保障中所面临的问题,构建了"多方制约、良性互动"的煤炭企业安全投资保障机制,并从该机制各方"互赢"和制约性出发,将政府的安全监察、煤炭行业协会的安全预防、保险公司的安全保险对煤炭企业安全投资的保障作用进行了分析。然后,根据系统动力学(SD)原理,对其动力学特点进行了系统分析和论证。在此基础上,建立了煤炭企业安全投资保障机制的SD模型,并寻求保证煤炭企业一定收益水平的安全投资水平,以改善和优化煤炭企业安全投资保障行为的机会和途径,为综合评价煤炭企业安全投资保障机制运行效果提供了一种思路。     

重大事故责任罪之我见

对完善重大责任事故罪立法的专题研究,着重研究重大责任事故罪的犯罪主体、重大责任事故罪刑种、重大责任事故危险犯等三方面问题。     

新冠疫情下的保险业及保险连接证券市场

2019年底爆发的新型冠状病毒疫情已经给全世界造成了深远的影响,沉重打击了各国经济,人类生产、生活方式都发生重大变化.即使已经过去半年,目前的情况仍不明朗,每天仍有大量人员被确诊,全球经济前景充满不确定性.通过观察疫情对保险业的影响,认为在政策推动和需求增加的情况下,保险业未来的业务范围会向大流行病扩展.计算保险连接证...     

海洋石油分散风险成本和效益的经济分析

海洋石油开采是高风险经济活动之一,采取多种分散风险措施,保证经济活动的持续性和稳定性是海洋石油勘探和开采中的重要问题。在海洋石油采取的各种减灾行为中,首先采取的应该是预防措施,为此要科学分析投入产出,以使减灾投入获得最佳的经济效益。减灾效益最大化的条件是减灾投入的边际成本等于边际收益。对于减灾边际成本高于边际收益的减灾措施,应采取以保险为主要内容的转移风险措施,在参加商业保险和自我保险两种可选择方式中,对海洋石油行业而言,自我保险投入产出效益更高。     

欧盟电子电器产品生态设计新法中的责任规范研究

当前,快速升级更新的电子电器产品极大地便利和丰富了人们的生活,但随之而来的是数量庞大的电子废弃物,造成严重的资源浪费和环境污染.为解决电子废弃物难题,各国纷纷制定法律和政策形成相应的管理制度,而生态设计逐步成为其中的核心环节.欧盟颁布的电子电器产品生态设计指令将多个主体纳入责任制度框架,体现了科学合理的生产者延伸责任、...     

年度地震重点监视防御区地震保险净费率的计算

根据我国年度地震重点监视区13年的预报结果和实际发生地震的结果,研究了这些地区地震保险净费率的计算方法。作为例子,给出了Ⅱ类地区基本烈度为Ⅵ度地区多层混凝土楼板砖结构Ⅶ度设防的建筑物的地震保险净损失率的计算结果。结果表明,我国年度地震重点监视区的地震保险净费率明显高于同类研究中不考虑其特殊地震危险性的结果。这一结果表明,中国的年度地震重点监视区是地震保险研究中应当给予特别关注的地区。