危险废物暂存库渗漏风险规避措施与实践

为了减少危险废物暂存库的环境风险,在项目实施中增设渗漏检测系统,通过对暂存库防渗膜进行长期的实时检测,规避了因暂存库渗漏造成的环境风险,使单层混凝土结构的暂存库实现了双层混凝土结构的遮断型填埋场才具有的渗漏检测和修补功能.渗漏检测的信息通过GSM网络进入Intemet进行数据交换,将检测信息传递到环境管理部门,提高了监督管理的水平.渗漏检测以2个检测电极间充满渗出液时电阻发生突变的特点作为HDPE膜渗漏的判据,结合渗出液的化学成分来判断渗漏的种类,利用TC35I无线模块通过GSM网进入Internet进行数据交换,实现了危险废物暂存库渗漏的网络化监测.利用HDPE膜的绝缘性提出了用偶极子检测HDPE膜漏洞的定位方法,为修补漏洞创造条件.并指出检测电压随漏洞大小、偶极子间距、贮存库液体的电阻率、供电电压的增加而增高,随偶极子距HDPE膜的距离、偶极子移动方向到漏洞的距离、暂存库液体的深度的增加而减小.     

Analysis of di usion-adsorption equivalency of landfill liner systems for organic contaminants

The equivalence between multilayered barriers regarding di usion and adsorption was studied. The bottom boundary of the liner system is defined by assuming concentration continuous and flux continuous conditions of the contaminant between the bottom liner layer and the underlying soil. Five di erent liner systems were compared in terms of solute breakthrough time. The results of the analysis showed that breakthrough time of the hydrophobic organic compounds for a 2-meter-thick compacted clay liner (CCL) could be 3–4 orders of magnitude is greater than the breakthrough time for a geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) composite liner. The GM/GCL and GM/CCL composite liner systems provide a better di usion barrier for the hydrophilic organic compounds than that for the hydrophobic compounds due to their di erent Henry’s coe cient. The calculated breakthrough times of the organic contaminants for the Chinese standard liner systems were found to be generally greater than those for the GCL alternatives, for the specific conditions examined. If the distribution coe cient increases to 2.8 for the hydrophobic compounds or 1.0 for the hydrophilic compounds, the thickness of the attenuation layer needed to achieve the same breakthrough time as the standard liner systems can be reduced by a factor of about 1.9–2.4. As far as di usive and adsorption contaminant transport are concerned, GM or GCL is less e ective than CCL.     

城市废弃物填埋场中有机膨润土的防渗研究

用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵 (HDTMA)为改性剂对膨润土进行改性。主要研究了改性剂最佳用量、pH值等因素的影响 ,以及有机膨润土作为高度反应性防渗层材料的有效性和可行性。实验结果表明 ,改性剂的最佳浓度为 5 % ;pH值和振荡时间对有机膨润土的吸附效果有重要影响 ;改性后有机膨润土平衡吸附容量约为未改性膨润土的 4倍 ;改性后有机膨润土吸附有机污染物的能力大大提高     

垃圾填埋场衬垫封盖系统稳定性实验方法研究

生活垃圾填埋场已经成为处理城市生活垃圾的一个重要手段,在修建过程中衬垫封盖系统的稳定性不可避免地成为一个需要解决的问题,本文总结了国外学者研究的方法、手段和成果,为国内学者提供有价值的参考。