基于贝叶斯网络分类的土壤盐渍化遥感监测

贝叶斯网络是一种将贝叶斯概率方法和有向无环图的网络拓扑结构有机结合的概率模型。采用贝叶斯网络分类对具有典型干旱特征的库车县土壤盐渍化情况进行监测，首先应用条件独立性测试原理建立贝叶斯网络结构，把研究区遥感数据进行离散化，然后应用贝叶斯定理作为分类原则，将每个像元分为像元最大概率的类别。研究结果表明该方法分类6种地类的整体分类精度达到96％，为该区盐渍地面积、空间分布等特征监测提供了较好的依据。     

海洋环境中材料腐蚀数据采集处理网络系统的研究

介绍了利用电话公网为传输栽体建立以海洋腐蚀与防护国防科技重点实验室为中心辐射青岛、厦门和三亚3个海水试验站的材料腐蚀数据采集计算机网络平台。研发了具有自主知识产权的多通道电偶腐蚀数据自动采集系统,将该系统与网络平台相结合可实现远程实验数据自动采集。同时为了有效地管理、存储和实现数据的共享,研究建立了海洋环境材料腐蚀与防护数据库,收集和整理了大量的材料腐蚀数据。在分析研究大量腐蚀数据的基础上建立了误差反传（BP）人工神经网络预测模型和灰色GM（1,1）腐蚀预测模型。从而形成一套较完整的数据采集、处理和分析网络系统。     

基于贝叶斯网络模型的船舶搁浅事故分析

根据海上交通安全事故统计数据显示,船舶搁浅事故是主要的海上交通安全事故之一。为了研究船舶搁浅事故的发生机理,收集了我国东部海域部分海事局辖区的船舶搁浅事故样本。首先从人为因素、环境因素和船舶因素三方面分析导致船舶搁浅事故的原因,确定网络节点。然后找出每起搁浅事故的事故链,并建立船舶搁浅事故贝叶斯网络模型。再对建立的贝叶斯网络模型进行仿真,选取21起船舶搁浅事故对建立的模型进行验证,确定模型的有效性。最后,利用HUGIN软件找出船舶搁浅事故各影响因素的致因概率,得到导致船舶搁浅事故的致因链。在人为因素方面,瞭望不当和不熟悉航道情况占据的比例最高;在船舶因素方面,舵机设备故障对船舶搁浅事故影响最大;在环境因素方面,风/浪/流对船舶搁浅事故影响最大。     

GRNN模型在煤与瓦斯突出及瓦斯含量预测中的应用

煤与瓦斯突出的作用机理非常复杂,是诸多因素如地应力、煤层瓦斯、煤体物理力学性质等共同作用的结果。在分析广义回归神经网络(GRNN)的基本原理和算法的基础上,建立煤与瓦斯突出等级以及基于构造复杂程度定量评价的瓦斯含量GRNN模型。然后用收集到的工程实例样本训练和检验该模型。结果表明,GRNN模型具有很好的预测能力和泛化能力,能较好揭示瓦斯含量和诸影响因素间的关系,可用于煤与瓦斯突出判别以及瓦斯含量预测。同时可以看出,光滑因子的合理选取对于提高GRNN模型的预测精度非常重要,因此,在以后的实际应用中需要不断尝试,找出最合理的光滑因子。     

基于神经网络模型的燃料空气混合物爆炸威力预测研究

燃料空气混合物爆炸威力准确预测研究是学术界的一个难题。针对燃料空气混合物爆炸威力有效预测问题,采用神经网络方法,设计多层神经网络模型,进行实际预测应用。应用结果表明,采用的预测方法简便、可行,可以为燃料空气混合物爆炸威力预测提供一种新途径。相比3层BP模型,设计的预测模型可以减少训练次数,缩短训练时间,提高预测正确率,应用优势较明显。     

基于无线传感器网的噪声监测系统设计及应用

噪声污染严重危害着人类的身心健康与生活质量,基于物联网技术拓展噪声监测方法的研究对当前我国城市环境噪声污染控制具有重要的指导意义。从噪声监测同步、联动、实时的需求出发,利用无线传感器网络技术中的ZigBee技术,结合地理信息系统,设计了基于无线传感器网络的噪声监测系统,并将该系统应用于某科研单位园区噪声污染的联网监测。实验结果表明,基于无线传感器网络的噪声监测系统的监测结果可以反映噪声污染的真实情况,可以作为治理噪声污染对策的依据。     

基于人工神经网络的莺落峡月径流模拟预测

莺落峡是黑河干流出山口径流量的重要控制站,莺落峡径流量的多少直接影响着该流域经济、社会的发展和生态环境保护,水资源分配和调度的管理和决策。论文基于人工神经网络,对莺落峡径流进行了模拟预测。将月径流分为汛期和非汛期,分别建立BP人工神经网络,通过对径流分类前后的模型进行比较,发现分类后的月径流BP模型的性能显然优于未分类的模型,故此设计了4种不同气候情景,采用分类后的模型对莺落峡2030年的径流量进行了预测。即,在降水量不变、气温增加0.5℃,2030年莺落峡年径流量将增加8.92%;气温增加1℃、降水量不变,年径流量将减少5.414%;气温不变、降水量增加10%,年径流量将增加9.905%;气温增加0.5℃、降水量增加10%,年径流量将增加8.98%。     

Internal corrosion hazard assessment of oil & gas pipelines using Bayesian belief network model

A substantial amount of oil & gas products are transported and distributed via pipelines, which can stretch for thousands of kilometers. In British Columbia (BC), Canada, alone there are over 40,000 km of pipelines currently being operated. Because of the adverse environmental impact, public outrage and significant financial losses, the integrity of the pipelines is essential. More than 37 pipe failures per year occur in BC causing liquid spills and gas releases, damaging both property and environment. BC oil & gas commission (BCOGS) has indicated metal loss due to internal corrosion as one of the primary causes of these failures. Therefore, it is of a paramount importance to timely identify pipelines subjected to severe internal corrosion in order to improve corrosion mitigation and pipeline maintenance strategies, thus minimizing the likelihood of failure. To accomplish this task, this paper presents a Bayesian belief network (BBN)-based probabilistic internal corrosion hazard assessment approach for oil & gas pipelines. A cause-effect BBN model has been developed by considering various information, such as analytical corrosion models, expert knowledge and published literature. Multiple corrosion models and failure pressure models have been incorporated into a single flexible network to estimate corrosion defects and associated probability of failure (PoF). This paper also explores the influence of fluid composition and operating conditions on the corrosion rate and PoF. To demonstrate the application of the BBN model, a case study of the Northeastern BC oil & gas pipeline infrastructure is presented. Based on the pipeline's mechanical characteristics and operating conditions, spatial and probabilistic distributions of corrosion defect and PoF have been obtained and visualized with the aid of the Geographic Information System (GIS). The developed BBN model can identify vulnerable pipeline sections and rank them accordingly to enhance the informed decision-making process.     

A neuro-fuzzy algorithm for assessment of health,safety, environment and ergonomics in a large petrochemical plant

Process plants such as petrochemical units have been continuously trying to improve Health, Safety, Environment and Ergonomics (HSEE) programs. This study proposes an adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) for assessment of HSEE programs in a petrochemical plant. The proposed neuro-fuzzy approach is applied to a set of operators in the petrochemical unit to show its applicability and superiority. To achieve the objectives of this study, standard questionnaires with respect to HSEE are completed by operators. The average results for each category of HSEE are used as inputs and accomplishment of HSEE programs is used as output for the algorithm. Moreover, this algorithm is used to rank operators performance with respect to HSEE. Finally, the algorithm identifies efficient operators with respect to HSEE. This is the first study that introduces an intelligence algorithm for assessment and improvement of HSEE program in a petrochemical plant.     

非线性理论在开采沉陷中的应用

简要介绍了近年来把非线性理论应用于矿山开采沉陷领域的一些研究成果,主要包括两大部分：（１）神经网络理论在开采沉陷中的应用;（２）离散单元法在开采沉陷中的应用