广西不同地理区域森林土壤水文物理性质研究

对广西９个不同区域森林土壤（０－１００ｃｍ）水文物理性质进行测定,结果表明,不同林型的土壤容重为０．５４～１５５ｇ／ｃｍ３;总孔隙度３９％一９６．４％;最大持水量４１１．７～７５９．６ｍｍ;通气度３．２％～２７．６％;平均渗透速度０．７９～３８．５ｍｍ／ｍｉｎ。不同土类及林型的土壤容重的大小为;黄壤＜红壤和阔叶林或针阔叶混交林＜针叶林,而总孔隙度、持水量、通气度及渗透速度则相反。     

白洋淀北岸农田土壤特性的表征

本文采用标准方法,测定了白洋淀北岸部分农田土壤的粒度组成、ｐＨ和有机碳含量等指标,对该地区土壤的特性进行了表征分析。结果表明,土壤的平均粒度分布大于２０μｍ的占５２．７３％,主要属于砂壤土。与１０年前相比,ｐＨ值变化不大;而有机碳含量是１０年前的１．２６倍。ｐＨ随土壤的垂直深度而略有增加,而有机碳含量则随土壤的垂直深度而减少。     

水中五氯酚钠对发光细菌毒性测定的影响因素

应用发光细菌检测法,考察了不同的影响因素对水体中典型的有机污染物五氯酚钠的生物毒性测定结果的影响.结果表明,五氯酚钠对发光细菌的EC₅₀值随着pH值和硬度的增加而增加;五氯酚钠的15 min EC₅₀和20 min EC₅₀基本相符;与水体中相同浓度的常规有机污染物相比,五氯酚钠表现出更强的毒性,实验中常规有机污染物的存在对五氯酚钠毒性测定的结果影响较小.原水毒性检测实验显示一定毒性(相对发光率降低14%),原水水质对测定结果影响程度与去离子水相似.     

丙烯酰胺降解细菌的质粒检出及生长特性研究

从化工厂的活性污泥中筛选出具有降解丙烯酰胺能力的细菌12株,经鉴定均为不动杆菌属。碱裂解法抽提显示质粒检出率为75%,并在质粒量上有所差异。在实验室条件下,这些菌株中对丙烯酰胺的最大耐受力可达40mg/mL;12株菌株都对氨苄青霉素有抗性,而对链霉素、卡那霉素、庆大霉素及氯霉素无抗性;在以丙烯酰胺为唯一碳源的无机盐培养基中,菌株DAW01在30℃,108γ/min旋转式摇床振荡培养6d后,对丙烯酰胺降解能力可达45.01%。     

Evaluation of activated sludge properties’ changes in industrial-wastewater pre-treatment: role of residual aluminum hydrolyzed species with different polymerization degree

● Medium poly Al salts dominated the PAC residual salts with a rational dosage. ● Settlement flocculation effect under medium poly Al salts showed a better trend. ● Complex of medium poly Al salts and enzymes promoted cell activity. ● Medium poly Al salts were beneficial to the effluent indexes. With the widespread introduction of pre-coagulation prior to the biological unit in various industrial wastewater treatments, it is noteworthy that long-term accumulation of residual coagulants has certains effect on both micro and macro characteristics of activated sludge (AS). In this study, the morphology distributions of residual aluminum salts (RAS) and their effects on the removal efficiency of AS were investigated under different PAC concentrations. The results showed that the dominance of medium polymeric RAS, formed under an appropriate PAC dose of 20 mg/L enhanced the hydrophobicity, flocculation, and sedimentation performances of AS, as well as the enzymatic activity in cells in the sludge system, improving the main pollutants removal efficiency of the treatment system. Comparatively the species composition with monomer and dimer / high polymer RAS as the overwhelming parts under an over-dosed PAC concentration of 55 mg/L resulted in excessive secretion of EPS with loose flocs structure and conspicuous inhibition of cellular activity, leading to the deterioration of physico-chemical and biological properties of AS. Based on these findings, this study can shed light on the role of the RAS hydrolyzed species distributions, closely relevant to Al dosage, in affecting the comprehensive properties of AS and provide a theoretical reference for coagulants dosage precise control in the pretreatment of industrial wastewater.     

植筋搭接混凝土柱偏心受压性能试验研究

对钢筋混凝土植筋搭接柱在静载作用下的偏心受压破坏进行了探索性的研究。通过试验,得到了试验柱的承载力与锚固长度、跨中弯矩与挠度、荷载与位于搭接段跨中截面受压区混凝土应变等关系曲线。试验结果认为,钢筋混凝土搭接柱在混凝土未被压坏的前提下,发生的钢筋锚固失效主要是锚固强度失效,并确认了植筋试件的薄弱面。另外,试件破坏时的粘结应力随锚固长度的增加逐渐减小。而对FISV360S植筋胶来说,锚固长度的增加能明显地提高试验梁的极限承载力。最后分别提出了临界锚固长度计算公式和试验柱极限承载力计算公式。     

Preparation and catalytic properties of ZrO2-Al2O3 composite oxide supported nickel catalysts for methane reforming with carbon dioxide

ZrO2-Al2O3 composite oxides and supported Ni catalysts were prepared, and characterized by N2 adsorption/desorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques. The catalytic performance and carbon deposition was also investigated. This mesoporous composite oxide is shown to be a promising catalyst support. An increase in the catalytic activity and stability of methane and carbon dioxide reforming reaction was resulted from the zirconia addition, especially at 5wt% ZrO2 content. The Ni catalyst supported ZrO2-Al2O3 has a strong resistance to sintering and the carbon deposition in a relatively long-term reaction.     

混凝法处理表面活性剂废水的水力影响

以含1 mg/L十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)的20 NTU高岭土悬浊液为研究对象,投加聚合铝PAC进行强化混凝实验,探讨了水力条件对含SDBS废水处理效果及其混凝形态学特性的影响。结果表明,偏碱性条件有利于浊度去除,而偏酸性条件下SDBS去除率较高;在试验确定的最佳工艺条件下,处理后废水余浊低,表面活性剂去除率较高,絮体大而密实,不易破碎,分维值较高;助凝剂纳米SiO2能进一步改善最优水力条件下PAC的强化混凝效果。     

雷达吸波涂层海洋大气环境适用性试验研究

目的 分析一种雷达吸波隐身涂层在海洋大气自然环境下性能的变化规律。方法 对12个月不同阶段涂层的常规物理性能和电性能进行检测,其中常规物理性能包括宏观形貌、金相形貌、微观性能、附着力、抗冲击强度和红外光谱。结果 从宏观形貌看,涂层明度和色差值呈上升趋势,12个月明度增加1.22,色差值增加2.91,颜色向绿色和蓝色发展,失光率先增大、后减小,最大失光率为9个月时的34%。涂层附着力和试验时间呈现非线性关系,6个月时,附着力降低了18%,12个月时增大了24%。涂层在2～18GHz的频率范围内,吸波曲线大体呈“U”形,最低反射率随时间向低频方向偏移。涂层金相形貌、微观性能、抗冲击强度和红外光谱特征总体变化不明显。结论 在1a内,自然海洋大气环境对雷达吸波隐身涂层常规物理性能和电性能产生了一定影响,但在试验时间相对较短情况下,海洋大气环境对涂层老化的影响作用尚未充分显示,需要结合更长周期的试验数据进一步分析。     

南昌典型园林树种燃烧性实验研究

选择南昌西郊和北郊12个园林树种不同器官理化性状测定分析和燃烧试验,根据各树种的含水率、燃点、热值、粗灰分、粗脂肪、木质素、粗纤维、燃烧时间、火烧强度和生物生态学特性等10个因子,应用DPS聚类分析法,对12个园林树种的燃烧性进行了排序,结果表明,难燃树种有5个,依次是：乐昌含笑、珊瑚树、大叶黄杨、白玉兰和海桐;较难燃树种有4个,依次是：女贞、山茶、夹竹桃和含笑;易燃树种有3个,依次是：桂花、巴东木连和红花檵木。为南方防火林带的建设提供了目前公认以外的防火树种。