Incremental evolution and devolution of Florida's Coastal High Hazard Area policy

Demarcation of Coastal High Hazard Areas (CHHAs) in Florida dates back to the passage of the landmark Growth Management Act (GMA) of 1985. There have been two subsequent legislative changes in 1994 and 2006. This paper draws on theories of policy implementation, policy framing and policy learning to shed light on this ‘natural experiment’ and to offer clues about factors that impact how and why policies evolve and devolve even after multiple revisions. Although the case study is focused on Florida, the lessons are transferable to land use and environmental policy makers seeking a balance between economic development, property rights and environmental risk.     

浅谈网络教学的现状以及混合式教学方式的发展

在10多年的网络教学实践中碰到了种种问题：高投资低回报,教师主导地位的丧失,学习活动在低水平层次的重复,学习效果与预设的理想目标相距甚远等等。这些问题促使研究者对网络教学的热潮重新进行理性反思,混合教学方式便应运而生,即传统的教师课堂讲授教学与学生在线学习相结合的混合教学方式。通过这种方式,能把传统学习方式的优势和网络教学的优势结合起来。另外,随着混合式教学方式的发展,对教师技能也提出了新的要求。     

Adaptive Management and Watersheds: A Social Science Perspective1

Abstract:  Adaptive management is often proposed as the most effective way to manage complex watersheds. However, our experience suggests that social and institutional factors constrain the search for, and integration of, the genuine learning that defines adaptive management. Drawing on our work as social scientists, and on a guided panel discussion at a recent AWRA conference, we suggest that watershed‐scale adaptive management must be recognized as a radical departure from established ways of managing natural resources if it is to achieve its promise. Successful implementation will require new ways of thinking about management, new organizational structures and new implementation processes and tools. Adaptive management encourages scrutiny of prevailing social and organizational norms and this is unlikely to occur without a change in the culture of natural resource management and research. Planners and managers require educational, administrative, and political support as they seek to understand and implement adaptive management. Learning and reflection must be valued and rewarded, and fora established where learning through adaptive management can be shared and explored. The creation of new institutions, including educational curricula, organizational policies and practices, and professional norms and beliefs, will require support from within bureaucracies and from politicians. For adaptive management to be effective researchers and managers alike must work together at the watershed‐scale to bridge the gaps between theory and practice, and between social and technical understandings of watersheds and the people who occupy and use them.     

基于支持向量机(SVM)的回采工作面瓦斯涌出混沌预测方法研究

针对瓦斯涌出传统的线性预测方法存在的问题,根据瓦斯涌出时间序列固有的确定性和非线性,利用混沌动力系统的相空间延迟坐标重构理论,结合基于机器学习理论的支持向量机(SVM),建立基于SVM理论的瓦斯涌出混沌时间序列预测模型。经Ⅱ1024回采工作面瓦斯涌出时间序列仿真计算,仿真结果显示该预测模型具有比传统的回归方法更好的泛化能力,预测方法具有很高的预测精度。同时,该模型具有以往传统机器学习的瓦斯涌出预测模型建立简便、训练速度快等优点。由于充分考虑瓦斯涌出时间序列的混沌性,并利用SVM预测的优良特性,使得预测更科学。     

直喷式柴油机燃用脂肪酸甲酯的排放特性

脂肪酸甲酯是由生物脂肪经过酯化反应得到的脂肪酸单酯,具有良好的燃料品质和环境友好性,是生物柴油众多种类中的一种.以纯矿物柴油、脂肪酸甲酯、含30%脂肪酸甲酯与70%柴油的混合燃料和含50%脂肪酸甲酯与50%柴油的混合燃料为燃料,在四缸涡轮增压直喷式柴油机上进行的性能对比实验,表明柴油机燃用脂肪酸甲酯能够保持其动力性和燃料经济性,可以显著降低HC和碳烟排放,但会增加CO和NOx排放.脂肪酸甲酯可以作为柴油机的代用燃料进行推广.     

新疆二氧化硫排放环境学习曲线及减排潜力研究

基于2005—2010年SO2排放量和经济发展数据,对该时段的SO2排放环境负荷变化进行分析并以此数据构建了新疆三大地区万元产值SO2排放量随人均GDP变化的环境学习曲线;以所建立的环境学习曲线为依据,分析2005—2010年万元产值SO,的减排潜力,并对新疆“十二五”期间不同地区万元SO2的节能减排潜力进行了预测。结果表明：经济发展水平越高的地区,万元产值SO2排放环境负荷越小,减排潜力越小;经济发展水平越低的地区,万元产值SO2排放环境负荷越大,减排潜力也越大。研究结果将为“十二五”自治区SO2排放总量控制及减排指标提供科学依据。     

锅炉烟道气脱硫除尘超重机的工程应用

中小型锅炉烟道气脱硫除尘超重机是一种新型的高效脱硫除尘一体化技术,该设备体积小、效率高,操作方便、维修简单。在此论述中小型锅炉烟道气脱硫除尘超重机的工程原理和设计方案,讨论在设计和操作过程中存在的一些主要问题及解决措施。     

The influence of a real job on upper limb performance in motor skill tests: which abilities are transferred?

To investigate whether the specificities of real jobs create distinctions in the performance of workers in different motor tests for the upper limbs, 24 participants were divided into two groups according to their specific job: fine and repetitive tasks and general tasks. Both groups reproduced tasks related to aiming movements, handling and strength of the upper limbs. There were no significant differences between groups in the dexterity and performance of aiming movements. However, the general tasks group had higher grip strength than the repetitive tasks group, demonstrating differences according to job specificity. The results suggest that a particular motor skill in a specific job cannot improve performance in other tasks with the same motor requirements. The transfer of the fine and gross motor skills from previous experience in a job-specific task is the basis for allocating training and guidance to workers.     

Measurement, Collaborative Learning and Research for Sustainable Use of Ecosystem Services: Landscape Concepts and Europe as Laboratory

Policies at multiple levels pronounce the need to encompass both social and ecological systems in governance and management of natural capital in terms of resources and ecosystems. One approach to knowledge production and learning about landscapes as social–ecological systems is to compare multiple case studies consisting of large spaces and places. We first review the landscape concepts’ biophysical, anthropogenic, and intangible dimensions. Second, we exemplify how the different landscape concepts can be used to derive measurable variables for different sustainability indicators. Third, we review gradients in the three dimensions of the term landscape on the European continent, and propose to use them for the stratification of multiple case studies of social–ecological systems. We stress the benefits of the landscape concepts to measure sustainability, and how this can improve collaborative learning about development toward sustainability in social–ecological systems. Finally, analyses of multiple landscapes improve the understanding of context for governance and management.     

中国钢铁行业NO_X减排情景预测

钢铁行业是NOX污染减排的重点领域。在预测钢铁行业未来发展趋势的基础上,基于情景分析法,设置3个NOX排放情景,估算出2020年不同情景下钢铁行业NOX排放量及不同控制措施的减排贡献。研究结果表明,未来钢铁行业产品产量的快速上涨加大了NOX减排压力。在不实施额外NOX控制措施的情况下,2020年钢铁行业NOX排放量约为108万t,相比2013年上涨9%。实施钢铁行业NOX排放控制措施可取得显著的减排效果,根据两种控制情景预计NOX的减排比例分别为5%和13%。淘汰落后产能和烧结烟气循环技术是NOX减排的最有效手段。