Adsorption of Mn2+ from aqueous solution using Fe and Mn oxide-coated sand

The adsorption of Mn²⁺ onto immobilized Mn-oxide and Fe-oxide adsorbent such as manganese oxide-coated sand1 (MOCS1), manganese oxide-coated sand2 (MOCS2), iron oxide-coated sand2 (IOCS2), and manganese and iron oxide-coated sand (MIOCS) was investigated. The effects of pH (5.5 to 8.0) and temperature (25 to 45℃) on the equilibrium capacity were examined. Equilibrium studies showed that there is a good fit with both Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm, which indicates surface heterogeneity and monolayer adsorption of the adsorbents. Kinetic data showed high correlation with the pseudo second-order model, which signifies a chemisorption-controlled mechanism. The activation energies, activation parameters (ΔG^*, ΔH^*, ΔS^*), and thermodynamic parameters (ΔG⁰, ΔH⁰, ΔS⁰) confirmed that adsorption with MIOCS was endothermic and more spontaneous at higher temperature while an opposite trend was observed for the other adsorbents. Thermodynamic studies showed that adsorption involved formation of activated complex, where MOCS1 and MIOCS follow a physical-chemical mechanism, while MOCS2 and IOCS2 follows purely chemical mechanism.     

高碱度钢渣添加铁尾矿消解f-CaO的机理研究

高碱度钢渣掺唐山石人沟铁尾矿重构,两者在高温环境下熔融反应消解高碱度钢渣中f-CaO。采用正交实验法设计实验方案,考察了铁尾矿掺入量(分别为3%、5%和9%)、反应温度(分别为1 500℃,1 550℃和1 580℃)及恒温反应时间(分别为10 min、20 min和30 min)对消解高碱度钢渣中f-CaO的效果。实验结果表明,铁尾矿能有效消解钢渣中f-CaO,重构渣中f-CaO含量平均值为1.17%,消解率为76.27%。且由正交方法测出了铁尾矿掺入量对f-CaO的消解影响较大,极差值为0.41%;反应温度次之,极差值为0.32%;恒温反应时间影响较小,极差值为0.06%。利用X射线衍射方法测定重构渣中矿物组成,主要为磁铁矿、钙镁橄榄石、硅酸二钙、硅酸三钙、镁铁尖晶石、铁酸钙及铁铝酸钙。     

湿天然气管道螺旋流水合物浆液安全输送研究

研究了天然气水合物浆液在气液两相螺旋管流中流动特性,分析了以气相为连续相、水合物颗粒为离散相的气固两相螺旋流的流动机理,通过对水合物颗粒受力分析和运动分析,结合螺旋流旋涡结构演化规律,推导出水合物颗粒平动、转动的判断条件,给出了颗粒各种受力的关联式,建立螺旋管流水合物颗粒运动模型,探讨了水合物颗粒的动力学行为。分析水合物浆液流动特性得到临界速度1即水合物浆液从固定床流动向悬浮流转化速度以及临界速度2即水合物浆液从移动床流动向固定床转化速度,为水合物浆液稳定流动提供了理论判据。     

利用负离子的油烟多级净化装置的研究探讨

针对目前餐饮油烟净化技术去除细小颗粒物的不足,在总结现阶段油烟净化技术的研究应用现状的基础上,分析湿式+过滤的复合式油烟净化装置基础上应用空气负离子除污技术的可能性,提出了基于空气负离子技术的新型多级油烟净化装置设想及其发展途径与研究方向。     

层次分析法在某银矿尾矿库废水处理中的应用

研究了投加量对三种水样中总氰、总铜、总锌处理效果的影响,并采用层次分析法分析得出漂白粉处理某银矿尾矿库废水的最佳投加量。结果表明:层次分析法能使总氰、总铜、总锌多条去除率曲线综合成一条总去除率曲线,从而更容易判断出最佳投加量为2.5 g/L;当漂白粉的投加量为2.5 g/L、pH=8、接触反应时间为60 min时,可使原水水质在一定范围内变化的某银矿尾矿库废水处理达标;稳定性验证试验表明,层次分析法分析得出的漂白粉最佳投加量,可使含氰废水的处理出水稳定达标。     

共生矿石生产电解镍/铜的生命周期评价研究

运用生命周期评价LCA（Life cycle assessment）方法，对用镍铜共生矿石生产电解镍和铜过程的环境协调性进行了研究，得到了镍、铜生产过程中各工序的环境负荷．提出了以冶金过程的反应热为依据对共生产品进行环境负荷分配的方法，并与按质量分配的方法进行比较．结果表明，镍的环境负荷明显大于铜的环境负荷，以反应热为依据分配冶金共生过程的环境负荷更具合理性．     

湖北省金属矿产资源产业可持续发展研究

对湖北省金属矿产资源开发利用现状及产业发展现状进行了分析研究，用区位商指标分析湖北省金属矿产资源产业经济基础和结构，从产业集中度、市场占有率及产品结构方面分析资源产业的市场结构。主要结论是：①金属矿产资源产业经济基础规模较大，钢铁工业具有相对优势，需确立金属矿产资源产业的经济基础地位；②提高产业集中度，形成集约化生产，重点发展钢铁和有色金属加工业；③优化产品结构，提高自主开发创新能力，增强产业的竞争力；④利用两种资源、两个市场，保障金属矿产资源的需求与供给；⑤加强环境保护，提高矿产资源利用效率．走可持续发展道路；⑥开发新的金属矿产资源和非传统矿产资源产业，形成金属矿产资源产业新的经济增长点。     

Line intersect sampling: Ell-shaped transects and multiple intersections

The probability of selecting a population element under line intersect sampling depends on the width of the particle in the direction perpendicular to the transect, as is well known. The consequence of this when using ell-shaped transects rather than straight-line transects are explicated, and modifications that preserve design-unbiasedness of Kaiser's (1983) conditional and unconditional estimators are presented. A case against treating multiple intersections as multiple probabilistic events is argued on the basis, also, of preserving design-unbiased estimation.     

A human embryonic stem cell-based in vitro model revealed that ultrafine carbon particles may cause skin inflammation and psoriasis

Air pollution has been linked to many health issues,including skin conditions,especially in children.Among all the atmospheric pollutants,ultrafine particles have been deemed very dangerous since they can readily penetrate the lungs and skin,and be absorbed into the bloodstream.Here,we employed a human embryonic stem cell(h ESC)-based differentiation system towards keratinocytes,to test the effects of ultrafine carbon particles,which mimic ambient ultrafine particles,at environment related conce...     

天然水中Ca^2＋的双波长分光光度法测定

依据胶体颗粒与入射光有A=φε~(-2)λ~(-ε)关系,又φε~(-6)与CaC_2O_4-乙醇胶体体系中的Ca~(2+)浓度呈正相关,φ、ε分别为胶粒的粒数函数和粒径函数。选择两个测定波长λ_1和λ_2,解联立方程,计算φ和ε,由φ和ε求Ca~(2+)浓度。方法的线性范围为0～20μg/ml,最低检出浓度为0.4μg/ml。