自适应神经模糊推理在大气环境质量评价中的应用

利用matlab模糊工具箱中自适应神经模糊推理系统(Anfis)方法,对大气环境质量评价作一个尝试性的工作。利用Anfis法对大气环境质量现状的评价,并与灰色聚类法作比较,得出Anfis法用于评价环境质量是可行的,且具有许多优点。     

密切值法与污染损失率法在大气环境质量评价中的综合应用

阐述了密切值法和污染损失率法的基本原理和分析评价步骤。通过实例分析,得出这两种方法的结论具有一致性;利用密切值法对各个决策目标进行质量排序,再利用污染损失率法计标出各污染物对环境的损害程度,并对决策目标进行等级划分。两种方法结合起来应用,能全面地进行环境评价。     

废干电池中锌和汞的分布及其处理

由于民众缺乏环境意识和国家没有相应法规 ,大多数废干电池都随手丢弃 ,回收的废电池处于不同程度的腐蚀状态。介绍了锌、汞在废干电池中的分布状态以及腐蚀对其分布的影响 ,并根据它们的分布特点提出用真空法回收废干电池中的锌、汞。     

长荡湖水环境现状及控制措施

长荡湖为太湖流域一过水型、浅水草型湖泊 ,受过水水质和湖内水产业的过度开发 ,造成湖水质量逐年下降 ,湖水质量已处于Ⅴ类和富营养状态。针对存在的问题 ,提出了控制建议     

Life-cycle assessment of four types of floor covering

Four types of floor covering have been investigated with respect to their environmental impact: linoleum, cushion vinyl, tufted carpet with a woollen pile and tufted carpet with a polyamide pile. The analysis relates to all stages in the life-cycle (from ‘cradle to grave’) and focuses on floor coverings for domestic use. The analysis is performed by means of the method for life-cycle assessment (Dutch approach). Each floor covering is assessed with regard to its environmental impact. This impact can be of various type: depletion of raw materials, cumulative energy requirement, global warming, acidification, tropospheric ozone creation, stratospheric ozone depletion, eutrophication, production of waste and human health. The inventory of environmental interventions (materials, energy requirements, waste and emissions to air, water and soil) was fairly complete. Most interventions relating to the processes that make up the life-cycle of the floor coverings in question could be quantified. A large part of the data is associated with the process energy requirement. In general these data are quite reliable. The results of the impact assessment for linoleum differs considerably from those for other types of floor coverings. Linoleum turns out to be the most environmentally favourable floor covering. It was not possible to differentiate between the environmental impact of cushion vinyl, tufted carpet with a woollen pile and tufted carpet with a polyamide pile.     

云南省主要风景区生态环境现状研究

对云南省主要风景区所在４４个县，市的生态环境质量评价表明，优，良，中的县、市占总数的８８．６４％，总体良好。４４个县中有２７个，１０个国家的风景区中有６个均在两个旅游资源区内， 局相对合理。但１０个湖泊中已 有７个水质达不到水质的功能标准，相关的１４个城镇中也９个的空气质量达不到三级标准。     

草原生态环境监测数据建库方法初探

该文系统地介绍了草原生态环境监测数据库的一般方法，在建立图像，图形，多媒体及数据子库的前提下，同时提出了宏观遥感监测数据与地面定位监测数据的结合方式，可操作性较强。     

海洋环境责任保险

随着海洋环境问题日益尖锐，可能影响海洋环境的作业者，一旦造成海洋环境污染必将面对巨额的责任赔偿与罚款，作业者为降低自己的风险损失，政府为增强其治理及控制污染的能力，作业者不得不购买海洋环境责任保险，本文着重分析了海洋环境责任保险的发展历史，依法强制实行环境责任保险的必要性及海洋环境责任保险的责任范围。     

从宿迁地震台情况探讨观测环境的保护

在地震观测中，环境保护是非常重要的，可是随着改革开放后我国经济的飞速发展，各级政府在进行经济建设的过程中，很多地方地震观测环境受到很大的影响。我们江苏省宿迁地震台的观测环境目前就处在这种境况之中，这给我们的数据采集带来了很大的影响。本文从我台环境受影响的现状、国家的法律法规、解决的思路等方面探讨问题的解决办法。     

Population growth, management and environmental degradation in China

Environmental problems in China can be divided into two large classes: pollution and destruction of natural environment. Environmental degradation is particularly serious in areas with rapid population growth. In this paper, some of China's major environmental problems, particularly those concerned with land, forests, and continental waters are introduced in order to see how population growth and management have affected these resources over the past few decades. It is also explained how the Chinese plan to cope and eventually solve these problems.