长江三角洲地区海洋产业竞争力评价

作为全国海洋经济发展高地,长三角已初步形成比较完备的海洋产业体系。构建区域海洋产业竞争力评价的单要素对比分析与全要素综合量化评价的方法及指标体系,以2008～2010年度海洋统计数据从竞争力要素层和省域综合评判了江浙沪海洋产业竞争力,从不同侧面揭示江浙沪海洋产业竞争力优、劣势与空间差异性。研究表明：要素层面,上海除海洋产业发展条件外均位于江浙沪首位,而江浙两省的4要素差异较小;省域层面综合测度呈现上海处于长三角龙头地位,江浙两省虽有梯度但初现两翼格局。单要素竞争力格局与综合竞争力区域分异,既表明长三角海洋产业竞争力在要素层存在同构,又隐喻了区域一体化背景下长三角海洋产业的区域合作与整体竞争力提升的强烈要求     

基于海湾空间的海洋经济差异分析——以辽东湾、渤海湾、莱州湾为例

以辽东湾、渤海湾、莱州湾为海湾地理空间尺度,引入泰尔指数和变差系数、灰色关联法研究三大海湾地区的海洋经济规模总量和海洋产业关联效应的差异,运用多种预测模型预测未来十年三大海湾间地区海洋经济对区域经济发展影响和贡献的差异。结果显示:三大海湾空间地区海洋经济差异呈现先增大后减小趋势,2007年后呈现协调优化发展趋势;滨海旅游业、海洋交通运输和海洋油气业、海洋交通运输和海洋渔业分别对应辽东湾、渤海湾、莱州湾三大经济区的拉动效应较大,形成各具区域特色的重要优势海洋产业;据模型预测结果分析,到2015年辽东湾、渤海湾、莱州湾地区海洋经济比重将分别达到34%、21%、25%;莱州湾、渤海湾的海洋经济直接贡献率分别平均以2%和1%的速度递增,而辽东湾则平均以0.1%的速度递减,到2020年辽东湾、渤海湾、莱州湾的海洋经济直接贡献率将分别为36%、29%、46%。     

我国海洋产业结构与总体产业结构的演进规律对比分析

总体产业结构和海洋产业结构的发展演进呈现出不同的规律性.运用三轴图法对比分析1992-2009总体产业和海洋产业结构的演进规律及我国总体产业和海洋产业的发展情况,在此基础上探讨促进总体产业结构和海洋产业结构演进的主导因素,为产业政策的制订提供科学依据.     

江苏省海洋功能区划实施评价指标体系与方法

综合评价现行江苏省海洋功能区划实施基本情况,能够全面检测区划实施和管理中的成效与不足,进一步提高新一轮区划编制的实效性和科学性,从而增强新一轮区划对沿海地区经济社会发展的调控作用。基于海洋功能区划的特殊性和对数模型效用函数综合评价法的可行性,从区划的执行情况、协调情况、实施效益和实施影响等4个方面,设计了16个具有代表性的指标用于定量评价江苏省海洋功能区划实施基本情况。结果表明,对数模型效用函数综合评价法简便、操作性强,可信度高,评价的结果与现实情况吻合度高。现行江苏省海洋功能区划的实施情况总体良好,区划得到了有效的执行,与全国海洋功能区划和全省海洋经济发展规划协调度高,产生了显著的经济、社会与生态效益     

河北省海域承载力多层次模糊综合评价

借鉴有关承载力的研究成果,利用多层次模糊综合评判法对河北省海域承载力进行了评价分析。结果表明:1996—2006年间河北省近海海域承载力一直处于超载状态,但承载状况总体趋于好转;人口和环境污染的加剧、环境治理能力和科技发展水平缓慢、资源供给能力不足是导致河北省海域承载力超载的主要因素。基于此提出了改善河北省海域承载状况的对策建议。     

Trace elements in two marine fish cultured in fish cages in Fujian province, China

Two cultured marine fish, the Japanese seabass (Lateolabrax japonicus) and red seabream (Pagrus major) were collected from eight fish cage sites along the coast of Fujian province in China. The concentrations of Ag, As, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Se, and Zn in their muscle, stomach and liver tissue were quantified. The risk of these trace elements to humans through fish consumption was then assessed. The highest concentrations of As, Cd, Se and Zn in fish feed from fish cages were found in Dongshan Station. Moreover, the As levels in the muscles of both species at all sites were generally higher than China's national standard (>1.0 μg/g). Trace element concentrations in two marine fish followed the order of livers > stomachs > muscles. Although the As levels in two marine caged fish exceeded the permissible standards, the estimated daily intake of As did not exceed the reference dose guideline established by US EPA. For other trace elements examined in this study, their concentrations did not exceed the permissible concentrations of the international standards.     

Experimental study on biomass advanced reburning for nitrogen oxides reduction

Advanced reburning (AR) is effective for nitrogen oxides (NO_x) reduction, which integrates the basic reburning (BR) with the injection of nitrogen agents and additive compounds. The basic reburning of poplar, cornstalk, wheat-straw and peanut shell, is studied on a boiler simulator facility (BSF). The influence of operating parameters and the synergistic effect of the injection of ammonia, urea or/and sodium carbonate on NO_x reduction are investigated. The results show that an efficiency of 54–67% NO_x reduction could be achieved during the basic reburning process under the optimum operating conditions and the efficiency would be increased if nitrogen agent is injected with the over-fire air or into the burnout zone. Further, co-injection of sodium carbonate with the nitrogen agent could make the NO_x reduction process more thorough. On the whole, 85–92% NO_x reduction could be achieved during the advanced reburning process with a reburning fuel heat input of 15–20%.     

航海技术专业安全管理素质培养方案研究

比较分析了海运物流业的风险程度,指出航海技术专业是隐性的安全工程专业。针对海运物流业对高级船员的“安全管理素质”、“驾驶台安全素质”、“应急反应素质”新需求,指出需用高等工程教育模式替代传统的职业教育模式,采用国际上“回归工程”理念来培养安全管理素质。因而提出了由3个课群构成的安全管理课系,阐述“综合安全管理素质”课群的设计思想,重点给出关键课程《海运安全科学基础》的内容组织和教学要求。研究成果为造就具有自组织自适应能力的海运安全管理素质的高级船员奠定了课系基础和培养机制。     

纳米碳酸钙碳化法生产方法研究

简要介绍了碳化法生产纳米碳酸钙工艺流程。重点探讨了其中的碳化方法，获知目前我国主要有鼓泡碳化、喷雾碳化和超重力碳化等的碳化工艺。同时着重探讨了碳化反应的机理，并以此为依据讨论和比较了鼓泡碳化、喷雾碳化和超重力碳化3种碳化工艺。     

Specificity of Life Conditions for Commercial Invertebrates on Artificial Substrates in the Eutrophicated Amur Bay,the Sea of Japan

The consequences of anthropogenic impact on the water area of Amur Bay (the Sea of Japan) near Vladivostok include the eutrophication of coastal waters and littering with various objects used as artificial substrates, which protect sedentary animals from predators and contribute to the survival of their larvae. An indicator of eutrophication, the diatom Skeletonema costatum accounting for 81–96% of the total abundance of phytoplankton (Stonik and Selina, 1995), is consumed mainly by barnacles and the Pacific oyster. Thus, these animals gain an advantage in the colonization of artificial substrates. The results of the study suggest that eutrophication will lead to changes in the structure of the marine community.