Bioconcentration of metals in the moss Scleropodium purum in the area surrounding a power plant. A geotopographical predictive model for mercury

Samples of the moss Scleropodium purum collected in 1995 and 1997 were used to biomonitor the deposition of metals in the area surrounding a thermal power plant. Significantly higher levels of Cu (p<0.05), Fe (p<0.01), As and Hg (p<0.001) were found in the 1997 samples than in the 1995 samples, due to changes in atmospheric conditions. The influence on bioconcentration of the orientation of the sampling sites relative to the source of emission was studied. It was found that the increase recorded in 1997 generally occurred in the sampling sites in the south east of the study area. Analysis of the effect of distance from the source of emission revealed that the increase in metal levels in 1997 took place close to the power station (10–30 km). Finally, multiple regression analysis was used to construct a model that related different topographical variables to the concentrations of Hg in moss. The model, constructed using the data collected in both sampling periods, included the orientation of the sampling sites relative to the source of emission as well as the height of sampling sites in 1995 and the distance from the emission point in 1997. The model allowed us to determine the extent of the area affected by deposition and to establish the magnitude of deposition.     

Bioconcentration of metals in the moss Scleropodium purum in the area surrounding a power plant: A geotopographical predictive model for mercury

Samples of the moss Scleropodium purum collected in 1995 and 1997 were used to biomonitor the deposition of metals in the area surrounding a thermal power plant. Significantly higher levels of Cu (p<0.05), Fe (p<0.01), As and Hg (p<0.001) were found in the 1997 samples than in the 1995 samples, due to changes in atmospheric conditions. The influence on bioconcentration of the orientation of the sampling sites relative to the source of emission was studied. It was found that the increase recorded in 1997 generally occurred in the sampling sites in the south east of the study area. Analysis of the effect of distance from the source of emission revealed that the increase in metal levels in 1997 took place close to the power station (10–30 km). Finally, multiple regression analysis was used to construct a model that related different topographical variables to the concentrations of Hg in moss. The model, constructed using the data collected in both sampling periods, included the orientation of the sampling sites relative to the source of emission as well as the height of sampling sites in 1995 and the distance from the emission point in 1997. The model allowed us to determine the extent of the area affected by deposition and to establish the magnitude of deposition.     

PCDD/F in waste water discharges from flue gas scrubbers of waste incinerators and coal operated power plants

Scrubber water samples from different combustion plants and gypsum samples as obtained in the flue gas washing with lime water were analyzed for PCDD/F. Three of the investigated nine scrubber water samples showed PCDD/F contents between 0,4 and 11,5 ng I-TEq/1 where as in the 17 gypsum samples examined only in a few cases very low levels of HpCDD and OCDD could be detected.     

垃圾焚烧发电的应用前景分析及应对措施

介绍了城市生活垃圾的危害和处置方式，通过对各种处置方式存在问题的比较，得出垃圾焚烧发电前景广阔，符合垃圾利用减量化、资源化、无害化的利用原则。同时对垃圾焚烧发电的应用提出了一些应对措施。     

The maximum power principle: An empirical investigation

The maximum power principle is a potential guide to understanding the patterns and processes of ecosystem development and sustainability. The principle predicts the selective persistence of ecosystem designs that capture a previously untapped energy source. This hypothesis was investigated empirically in controlled and replicated tests conducted in planktonic microcosms. Microecosystems that developed under a pH-controlled light regime, in which light duration was altered based on changes in an ecosystem-controllable variable (water column pH), were compared with those that developed under fixed photoperiods. According to the principle, pH-decreasing (and power-increasing) organization should selectively persist under pH-controlled light. To assess changes in pH dynamics that occurred under the alternative selection regime, in which photoperiods were not linked with pH-affecting selection or organization, the microecosystems that developed under fixed photoperiods were subjected to pH-controlled light on the last day of each test. The daily light duration increased 506 min on average in microecosystems that developed under pH-controlled light and 412 min on average in microecosystems that developed under fixed photoperiods. Selective reinforcement of acid-secreting blue-green algae in response to CO₂ and nutrient limitations could account for the greater increase in power acquisition in microecosystems that developed under pH-controlled light.     

电源频率对大气压氦气射流等离子体放电特性的影响

为探究大气压射流等离子体放电特性,利用同轴双环电极结构等离子体射流装置,研究电源频率、外加电压对氦气射流放电电流、起始电压、消耗功率、放电平均功率、射流长度等参数的影响规律。结果表明:放电图像在f=7.88,8.40,8.90 kHz电源频率下,随着电压增加,等离子体射流长度先增长后稳定;电压-电流关系符合辉光放电特征;同一电源频率下,随外加电压升高,放电电流脉冲个数增多、幅值增大、脉冲曲线产生畸变,装置消耗功率和放电功率所受影响不大。     

基于模糊综合评判的电网应灾能力量化评估*

为应对极端自然灾害下电网在灾前、灾后应灾能力评估的不足,提出基于模糊综合评判的电网应灾能力量化评估方法。通过分析电网系统的综合数据和关联指标,建立电网灾前承受力和灾后恢复力评估指标体系;运用层次分析法和熵权法各自求得指标主、客观权重,并依据权重占比组合成综合权重,使用模糊综合评判对电网应灾能力进行量化评估;通过案例对所提的评估进行验证。结果表明:该评估方法更加有效体现电网实际应灾能力水平,对电网应对极端自然灾害具有一定指导作用。     

废水脉冲电解处理节能高效的原因分析

将脉冲电源和直流电源分别作为废水电解处理的电源,试验探明其对废水电解处理的电能消耗和COD去除率的影响,并分析废水脉冲电解处理节能高效的原因。试验结果表明,脉冲电流相对直流电流能够更加有效减缓电极的极化,降低电极过电位,使电能消耗降低15%-35%;在脉冲电解处理废水过程中电流效率稳定、Fe^2＋能够有效扩散到废水中,使去污效果增强5%-7%。     

科技期刊如何走向市场

科技期刊作为一种专业性较强的学术性刊物,不同于其他通俗性时尚刊物,它的受众面较为狭窄,读者群也受到相应的限制,而要在社会主义市场经济体制下求得生存与发展,必须走向市场、适应新形势,在市场竞争中取得社会效益与经济效益的统一,开拓出新的局面。     

喷氨法吸收燃煤电厂CO2的可行性分析

随着中国近年来经济加速发展,电力能源消耗日益增加,目前就中国电力能源生产结构而言,用电量增加就意味着燃煤消耗量的大幅度增加,同时将产生大量温室气体。其中,CO2的排放对气候的负面影响十分巨大,成为燃煤电厂发展的瓶颈问题之一。本文从喷氨法生产NH4HCO3肥料的传统工艺出发,说明了将这种技术手段改造并用于燃煤电厂减排并回收利用CO2的可行性和有效性,并介绍了相应的化学原理和生产流程。