电子废弃物资源化的研究与进展

探讨了电子废弃物资源化的意义,重点研究了电子废弃物中金属、塑料、玻璃的回收技术,以及国内外电子废弃物的资源再利用现状。建立有效的回收体系,最大限度地循环利用资源,使我国的电子和电器制造业及电子废弃物处理业协调发展。     

我国电子废弃物管理与资源化对策

电子废弃物对人类环境的影响,已成为全球化的问题.通过对发达国家关于电子废弃物管理以及资源化技术的进展回顾,针对我国目前的情况提出相应的对策：制定延伸生产者责任以及有害物质的停用限期的相应法规;建立电子废弃物回收网络体系;通过国家政策和经济的扶持,尽快建立专门处理电子废弃物的机构;加快我国电子废弃物处理技术的步伐,尽快提高现有工艺及设备.     

臭氧发生器研究进展

由于臭氧在水处理中具有广阔的应用前景,故臭氧发生器的研制一直是人们关注的重大研究课题,并介绍了国内外臭氧发生器在电极结构、介质材料等方面的研究进展.     

SBR式流化床船用生活污水处理设备及其处理效果

介绍了SBR式流化床船用生活污水处理设备的组成结构,对该设备进行了启动试验和污水处理效果试验,结果表明该设备具有启动方便、反应时间短的特点.当处理周期为2 h时,处理设备的出水水质完全满足<船用生活污水处理系统技术条件>(GB10833-89)的要求.     

基于集成全相关技术的水环境治理装备设计

针对现有水环境治理装备设计开发技术存在的不足,提出了一种融合全相关技术与CAD、CAE、CAM、CAPP技术的集成一体化装备系统设计开发方案,并给出了这种集成全相关技术的初步实现方法,而且进行了射流曝气器的设计应用。这种方法有望实现水环境治理装备系统完整、可靠的设计,并缩短了设计开发周期。     

一体化污水处理和中水制备装置设计和研究

通过设计和生产规模测试 ,开发了一套一体化污水处理和中水制备的专利装置 ,集射流曝气、接触氧化、斜板沉淀和多格双层过滤于一体 ,可适用于生活污水处理和中水回用 ,出水消毒后可全面达到中水水质标准。同时对射流曝气、生物接触氧化及多格双层滤池的设计及运行中的—些关键问题 ,如氧化池填料及负荷的选用 ,填料上生物膜正常脱落的条件等进行了探讨和研究     

Bromine in waste incineration partitioning and influence on metal volatilisation

INTENTION, GOAL, SCOPE, BACKGROUND: The halogen bromine is far less abundant than chlorine, but it can be found at high concentrations in special materials like flame retarded plastics. The fate and effects of Br in waste incineration are not well understood. It may have similar implications like Cl for the volatilisation of heavy metals and the formation of low volatile organic compounds. Due to its lower oxidation potential, there is a risk of formation of elementary Br2 in the offgas. OBJECTIVE: Co-combustion tests of different types of Br containing plastic waste materials (up to 22%) and MSW in the TAMARA pilot plant for waste incineration were conducted to investigate the Br partitioning and the influence of Br on metal volatilisation. METHODS: The Br inventory of the fuel mix was elevated to approx. 1 wt-%. All input and output mass flows of the furnace have been sampled and the partitioning of Cl, Br, S, and a number of heavy metals, has been calculated on the basis of closed mass balances. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Organically-bound Br was typically released to more than 90% into the raw gas. Elementary Br2 was detected at high Br levels. Its presence was always analysed when all SO2 in the raw gas was oxidised to SO3. Br enhances the volatilisation of metals like K, Zn, Cd, Sn, Sb, and Pb out of the fuel bed principally in the same way as Cl. The tests gave strong indication that the promoting influence of the halogens on metal volatilisation is more pronounced than that of the fuel bed temperature. The volatilised metals are condensated on the fly ashes and are discharged along with the filter ashes. CONCLUSIONS: As long as a surplus of SO2 is present in the raw gas no Br2 is formed. Although the halogen induced transfer out of the fuel bed causes high concentrations of volatile metals in the filter ashes, a recovery is not economically feasible for the time being. The volatilisation gives no rise to metal emission problems as long as efficient dedusting is achieved. RECOMMENDATION AND OUTLOOK: If there is a risk of Br2 formation, in wet scrubbing a reducing agent has to be added to the neutral scrubber for efficient abatement. Filter ashes should be disposed of in a way that enables access for recovery in the future. The exact volatilisation characteristics of the various metals have to be studied in future using specifically tailored experiments.     

高效湿式脱硫除尘一体化装置的研究

针对我国目前SO2和颗粒状污染物（特别是PM10）污染严重的现状，开发了一种高效湿式除尘脱硫一体化装置。试验表明，本装置的平均除尘率和平均脱硫率分别为97.6%和88.1%。并且对细小颗粒物具有良好的捕集效果。与国内同类装置比较，本装置能在较小的液气比（0.11-0.34L/m^3)和阻力（＜900MPa)条件下实现良好的除尘和脱硫，适合于工业锅炉和窑炉的烟气治理。     

舰面设备环境可靠性试验技术综述

首先介绍了舰面设备环境可靠性的早期发展情况,其环境可靠性试验极不充分,主要依据各种数据评估设备的可靠性。其次叙述了舰面设备环境可靠性试验的近年来的发展过程及现状,其环境可靠性试验技术得到了长足的发展,着重介绍了当前的单机级产品与系统级产品相结合的环境可靠性试验技术以及高可靠产品的加速可靠性试验技术。最后总结了当前舰面设备环境可靠性试验技术的不足之处,并给出了相应的建议,为舰面设备的后续环境可靠性试验工作提供参考。     

岛屿环境下车辆金属材料的腐蚀及防护对策研究

通过介绍国内外岛屿腐蚀研究现状及我国南部岛屿的环境特点,分析了不同状态下车辆装备腐蚀的情况和对应的影响因素,并提出了实时监控车辆装备腐蚀状态、采用新的涂层技术和材料、采取阴极保护和科学封存车辆装备等岛屿环境下车辆装备防腐对策。