人力和物质资本对农业经济增长的空间差异

为探索人力、物质两大资本对我国农业经济增长的作用差异,采用我国31个省份2001—2019年的数据实证分析了我国农业经济增长对两大资本的产出弹性。结果表明:人力、物质两大资本对农业经济的增长均具有显著促进作用,且人力资本作用更大。在差异性方面,东部地区、农业经济发展中等水平的地区受物质资本影响显著;中部地区、农业经济高水平的地区两大资本对农业经济均有显著促进作用,且人力资本作用更强;西部地区、农业发展低水平的地区两大资本对农业经济作用不显著,农业经济增长由物质资本驱动向人力资本驱动转变。     

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the fetal brain

Fetal magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is technically feasible in utero and demonstrates similar findings to those observed in neonatal populations. MRS can provide additional information to conventional T1- and T2-weighted imaging of the fetal brain. It is of particular use when subtle changes are present on conventional fetal MRI sequences, and when imaging fetuses at risk of brain injury and metabolic abnormalities. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Adsorption performance of CMK-3 and C-FDU-15 in NO removal at low temperature

CMK-3 and C-FDU-15 samples were synthesized using hard-templating and evaporationinduced self-assembly(EISA) methods,respectively.The pore structures of CMK-3 and CFDU-15 as well as commercial activated carbon were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction,field emission scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,and N₂ adsorption–desorption.Adsorption of NO was investigated by means of thermogravimetric analysis,temperature-programmed desorption of NO + O₂     

一种导电混凝土的制备及其电阻率测量

本文综述了导电混凝土的发展以及应用情况,提出了用导电混凝土作为接地材料的设想,并选择氧化铁粉作为骨料,添加适量碳粉配制了一种导电混凝土来验证。通过改变不同的配比制作导电混凝土模型,用四电极法测量其电阻率,得出碳粉比例对其电阻率的影响。     

基于物质流模型的长三角城市群食物生产与消费系统氮素流动格局及影响因素

作为区域社会经济发展的重要增长极,城市群食物生产与消费系统活性氮的释放对区域氮素循环格局有着重要影响。采用物质流分析模型,定量分析2019年长三角城市群农田种植、畜禽养殖、水产养殖和人类消费子系统的氮素流动格局,评估各子系统氮素损失的结构,阐明氮素损失的空间分布,并探究氮素损失强度的主要影响因素。结果表明,系统总体氮输入为3 472.56 Gg/a,最大氮素输入项为化肥输入;系统总体氮输出为3 061.29 Gg/a,主要表现为氮素损失,占90.9%。农田种植、畜禽养殖和水产养殖子系统的氮素利用效率分别为42.6%、30.8%和40.1%。农田种植子系统对系统氮素损失的贡献最大,为1 325.53 Gg/a,占比为47.6%;其后依次为人类消费子系统、畜禽养殖子系统和水产养殖子系统。长三角各城市氮素损失强度空间异质性较大,上海、扬州、盐城较高,分别为26.43、23.20和22.26 kg/hm²;杭州、宣城、池州较低,分别为6.14、5.83和4.55 kg/hm²。氮素损失强度空间异质性与经济、人口、农业生产和土地利用等因素的相关性具有统计学意义（P<0.05或0.01）,相关系数为0.42~0.76。

     

废纸再生过程综合效能评估研究

废纸再生已成为当下解决传统制浆造纸原料匮乏问题的主要途径和趋势,为分析废纸再生过程综合效能水平,提出一种包含多指标的废纸再生综合效能评估模型。从物质流与能量流2个角度对废纸再生过程进行分析,选取5个定量评估指标,构建一套废纸再生综合效能评估指标体系。基于博弈论组合赋权理论,将主、客观权重优化组合得到评估指标最优组合权重,并基于物元模型建立废纸再生综合效能评估模型。通过评估模型对9家企业废纸再生过程进行实例计算,得到各企业综合效能等级,结果显示有2家企业处于高水平,3家企业处于较高水平,4家企业处于差水平。模型计算结果可以体现企业综合效能水平的相对高低和各企业的提升方向。

     

Energy efficacy used to score organic refuse pretreatment processes for hydrogen anaerobic production

The production of hydrogen through Anaerobic Digestion (AD) has been investigated to verify the efficacy of several pretreatment processes. Three types of waste with different carbon structures have been tested to obtain an extensive representation of the behavior of the materials present in Organic Waste (OW). The following types of waste were selected: Sweet Product Residue (SPR), i.e., confectionary residue removed from the market after the expiration date, Organic Waste Market (OWM) refuse from a local fruit and vegetable market, and Coffee Seed Skin (CSS) waste from a coffee production plant. Several pretreatment processes have been applied, including physical, chemical, thermal, and ultrasonic processes and a combination of these processes. Two methods have been used for the SPR to remove the packaging, manual (SPR) and mechanical (SPRex). A pilot plant that is able to extrude the refuse to 200 atm was utilized. Two parameters have been used to score the different pretreatment processes: efficiency (ξ), which takes into account the amount of energy produced in the form of hydrogen compared with the available energy embedded in the refuse, and efficacy (η), which compares the efficiency obtained using the pretreated refuse with that obtained using the untreated refuse. The best result obtained for the SPR was the basic pretreatment, with η = 6.4, whereas the thermal basic pretreatment gave the highest value, η = 17.0 for SPRex. The best result for the OWM was obtained through a combination of basic/thermal pretreatments with η = 9.9; lastly, the CSS residue with ultrasonic pretreatment produced the highest quantity of hydrogen, η = 5.2.     

基于可疑筛查技术研究有机磷阻燃剂V6转化规律

运用Orbitrap高分辨质谱仪,评估了人体肝微粒体(HLM)代谢V6的转化规律.除5种已被报道过的O-脱烷基、氧化性去磷酸化和氧化脱氯产物外,首次发现了6种新型产物.基于其MS/MS质谱图,该6种代谢产物被鉴定为醛基和羧基产物.其中,5种代谢物生成量随孵育时间呈线性增加趋势,具有累积性.此外,推导的代谢途径表明,脱烷基化和羟基化代谢物进一步转化为次级代谢物,即醛和羧基代谢物.     

室内氡污染在城市现代化建设中的危害

城市现代化建设中高层建筑使用的建筑材料及其采用的集中供暖、制冷,以至房间常常处于封闭状态,使得室内氡污染成为一种不容忽视的环境危害.研究表明,室内氡污染在肺癌诱因中仅次于吸烟排在第二位.因此,警惕隐藏于我们生活中的室内氡危害,建立绿色的生活理念,养成良好的生活习惯,是现代化生活质量品质的必需和保证     

利用高炉水淬渣制作多孔吸声材料的研究

为了促进高炉炼铁水淬渣的二次利用,研究了以高炉炼铁水淬渣为原料,以硅微粉或水泥为粘结剂,采用压制成型方法制作的多孔吸声材料的吸声性能及力学性能。结果表明:用颗粒状的高炉炼铁水淬渣制作的多孔吸声材料具有良好的吸声性能,其平均吸声系数可以达到0.70以上;材料的抗压强度可以达到3.0 MPa以上。