改进的模糊综合评价法在太湖水质类别判定中的应用

水质判别是一个多参数多级别的模糊概念,基础的模糊综合评价法存在局限性,对基础模糊数学法中隶属度函数及最大隶属度原则进行改进,建立一种改进的模糊综合评价法。以太湖流域水质判别为实例验证了此方法比传统的方法更有效,且适合在太湖流域应用。     

模糊物元识别模型在巢湖水体富营养化评价中的应用研究

选取TN、TP、Chl-a、COD、BOD5、DO和SD等7项指标,应用模糊物元识别模型对2000~2007年巢湖的12个水质监测点的富营养化等级进行了模糊识别。通过与巢湖同期水质浓度变化及其分布区域进行对比分析,验证了模糊物元识别模型在巢湖水体富营养化评价中的适用性。巢湖富营养化评价结果表明,2000~2007年富营养化呈逐年加重的趋势,据采样点模糊物元计算结果得知西巢湖(1#~6#)的富营养化状况比东巢湖(7#~12#)更严重,西巢湖贴近度最高值为0.9974,接近极富营养状态,而东巢湖的最高值仅为0.5866。从年际变化上看,2000~2007年东巢湖富营养化状况变化不大,营养状态级处在较低的水平,而西巢湖的富营养状况变化则较大,营养状态级则处在较高水平。     

基于变异系数法的模糊数学模型在城市生态系统健康评价中的应用

从城市生态系统的健康内涵出发,选取活力、组织结构、恢复力、生态系统服务功能和人群健康状况构建城市生态系统健康评价指标体系,采用基于变异系数的赋权法确定指标权重,运用模糊数学方法对2007—2011年兰州市城市生态系统健康进行评价分析。明确兰州市生态系统健康状况及制约因子,为兰州市城市生态建设及可持续发展提供参考。     

我国农村流动人口犯罪控制论

目前,我国流动人口犯罪率居高不下,严重危及着社会的安定,已成为社会各界关注的热点和解决的难点问题.流动人口犯罪的主要表现特征为主体的复杂性,犯罪的团伙性、流窜性、侵财性等.相对剥夺论是流动人口犯罪一种可行的理论阐释,有助于深化我们对流动人口犯罪的理解.加强和完善政府职能是控制流动人口犯罪行之有效的应对措施.     

湖泊水质富营养化评价的模糊隶属函数法

建立了利用模糊隶属函数进行湖泊水质富养化的评价方法。并研究了我国三个主要湖泊的富营养化状况，和其它方法比较，取得了满意的结果。文章为湖泊水质富营养化评价提供了一种简单而实用的评价方法。     

Anal gland secretion codes for family membership in the beaver

We investigated how information about family membership is coded by the individually specific anal gland secretion (AGS) in the beaver, Castor canadensis. Because beavers live in strict family units and relatives share more features in the AGS profile than non-relatives, family members share more AGS features than non-family members. Therefore, family recognition seems to be a natural consequence of the more specific kin recognition. Multivariate statistical analyses revealed two possibilities in coding for family membership using the multi-component AGS: either two (female) to three (male) AGS compounds or many compounds were used, but we were not able to determine which possibility is more likely. Compounds were not equally important in coding family membership information, and the interactions among compounds were complex. We attempted to reconstruct a lineage tree for the relationship among different families using two–three or many compounds. We found there was no significant difference for trees constructed by using few or many compounds in either males or females. However, the trees derived from male compounds and female compounds lacked good congruence. Received: 10 December 1998 / Accepted after revision: 13 July 1998     

兰州市城市生态系统健康评价

从城市生态系统健康内涵出发,运用熵权法和模糊数学评价法对2004—2008年兰州市城市生态系统健康进行定量分析。结果表明,2004—2008年的评价结果依次为不健康、病态、病态、病态、病态。近5年以来,兰州市生态系统健康形势逐年好转,但总体水平仍不高,将来还有很大的发展空间。明确了兰州市城市生态系统健康的制约因子,提出改善城市生态系统健康状况的措施,为兰州市城市生态建设提供科学依据。     

Australian Greens party members and supporters: their profiles and activities

In an era of widespread party membership decline, there is debate over the utility, within the ‘European’ tradition, of conceptualising party membership as the locus of individual party engagement, and of maintaining membership and supportership as distinct categories in analysing party activism. This debate is particularly relevant to Green parties, which, through their particular social movement origins and emphasis on grass-roots democracy, bring into question the assumption that the activities and profile of members and supporters are functionally different. Using original data gathered from two surveys of Australian Greens party members and supporters undertaken in 2012 and 2013, the political activity, associational membership, ideological position, and demographic characteristics of these two groups are compared. While active party members are distinctive in their party-specific political activities and their ideological positioning, there is much less difference between the rest of the formal party membership and the party’s active supporter base.     

Affected Ignorance And Animal Suffering: Why Our Failure To Debate Factory Farming Puts Us At Moral Risk

It is widely recognized that our social and moral environments influence our actions and belief formations. We are never fully immune to the effects of cultural membership. What is not clear, however, is whether these influences excuse average moral agents who fail to scrutinize conventional norms. In this paper, I argue that the lack of extensive public debate about factory farming and, its corollary, extreme animal suffering, is probably due, in part, to affected ignorance. Although a complex phenomenon because of its many manifestations, affected ignorance is morally culpable because it involves a choice not to investigate whether some practice in which one participates in might be immoral. I contend further that James Montmarquet’s set of intellectual virtues can provide a positive account of what it means to act as a responsible moral agent while immersed in a meat eating culture; they also represent the moral and epistemic framework for the kind of public discourse that should be taking place.     

基于可变模糊优选理论的应急指挥决策

在分析应急指挥决策方案的优选问题基础上,将可变模糊理论引入公共安全领域,提出应急指挥方案优选的可变模糊方法。该方法依据指标特征值矩阵,结合指标权重向量,计算各方案在不同模型下的相对优属度向量,并以此进行决策。其特点是模型可以变化以提高系统决策的可靠性。结合应急救援实例探讨可变模糊优选方法在应急决策中的应用,并与文献中的方法进行比较,表明可变模糊优选理论对于解决优选决策问题可行、有效,有助于指导应急决策实践。